Welcome to the Presentation

Topic: Different types of fastness testing

MD. Abdur Rahman NadimB.Sc. in TE Southeast University

M.Sc in TE Daffodil University

What is Fastness?

fastness is a term used in the dyeing of textile materials,

meaning resistance of the material's color to fading or

running.

Different types of fastness testing:

• Color fastness to wash.

• Color fastness to light.

• Color fastness to rubbing (dry + wet).

• Color fastness to perspiration (acidic and alkaline).

• Strength to color produced color.

• Colorimetric values of produced color.

• Color fastness to chlorine.

• Color fastness to acids.

• Color fastness to alkalis.

• Color fastness to sea water.

• Color fastness to weathering.

• Color fastness to bleaching agents

Testing available in textile industries

Color fastness to wash

Color fastness to Rubbing

Color Fastness to Perspiration

Color fastness to light

Color fastness to heat pressing

1. Color fastness to wash:

Color fastness to wash is very important for Lab-dip.

There are varieties if tasting procedure, because –

• Washing conditions may vary from one country to

another.

• The methods depend on the use of dyed goods.

• The evaluate repeated washing accelerated test

Methods are used.

Apparatus and Materials

Wash-wheel with a thermostatically controlled water bath and raring speed of (40±2) rpm.

Stainless steel container (capacity 55±50ml).

Stainless steel ball (dia = 0.6 cm, weight = 1 gm).

Multifibre fabric

Thermometer.

Sewing machine.

Color matching cabinet and

ISO Scales.

Figure: Wascator

machine.

Working Principle:

• A specimen in contact with specified adjacent fabric is laundered, rinsed and dried.

• The specimen sample is treated under appropriate condition in a chemical bath for short time.

• The ratio and an appropriate number of steel balls.

• The change in color of the specimen (dyed sample) and the staining of the adjacent fabric is assessed by recommended Grey scales (1-5).

Test sample:

Composite test Sample

10 × 4 cm

Ace

tate

Co

tto

n

Nylo

n

Po

lyes

ter

Acr

yli

c

Wo

ol

Specimen

Adjacent fabric

Multifibre Fabric (ISO)Steel ball

( Dia = 0.6 & weight = 1 gm

Figure: - Test sample of color fastness to wash.

2. Color fastness to Rubbing:

Method: ENISO-105-×12

Equipment:

Crock meter

Cotton rubbing cotton

Grey scale

Stop watch

Color matching cabinet

Test Procedure:

• Lock the test specimen onto the base of the crock

meter.

• Using the spinal spring clip, set 5cm×5cm of the

white cotton fabric to the finger of the crock meter.

• Lower the covered finger on the test sample.

• Turn hand crank at the rate of one turn per second

(10×10sec).

• Remove the white rubbing test cloth & evaluate with

grey scale.

3. Color Fastness to Perspiration:

Equipment:

•Perspiration tester

•Oven, maintained at 37±2°C

temperature

•Multifibre test fabric

•Grey scale

•Color matching chamber

• Acedic & alkaline solution

•Weight

Working Procedure:

• At first 10cm×4cm original fabric & multifibre fabric is taken.

• Then fabric is wet for 30 minutes.

• Then composite sample between two glass plate or acrylic

plate under a pressure of 4.5 kg.

• After that inter the perisperometer at 37°C, four hours.

• At last fabric at 60°C & test in Grey scales.

4. Color fastness to light:

The purpose of color fastnessto light test is to determine how much the color will fade when exposed to a known light source.

Procedure:

The sample is cut and should be exposed (½

covered and ½ exposed) together with standard

dyed wool samples (1-8). The standard and the

specimen mounted in a frame. The composite

sample must be protected from rain.

The test sample is exposed to light for a certain time (24 hrs, 36 hrs, 48 hrs, 72hrs) or by customer demand and compare the change with original unexposed sample. The changes are assessed by blue scales (1-8).

5. Color fastness to heat pressing:

Apparatus and Materials:Heating device that can put a pressure on the

specimen of 4 kpa.A smooth asbestos sheet ( 3-6 mm thickness)Wool flannel ( approx.260 g/m2, 3 mm thickness )A piece of undyed ,bleached and mercerized

cotton cloth Grey scales Standard color matching cabinetDistilled water

Test procedure

Dry Pressing:

Place the dry specimen on top of the cotton covering the wool flannel pad.

Lower the top plate of the heating device and leave the test specimen for 15 sec at the recommended pressing temperature.

Condition the samples in standard atmosphere of 21±1°C and 65±2°C Rh before testing. Then select the specified temperature as follows,

110±2°C150±2°C, 200±2°C

Damp Pressing: Repeat iii a) and soak to 100 % pick up of a piece

of cotton adjacent fabric in distilled water.Place the soaked cotton fabric on top of the dry

test specimen and repeat iii (b)

Wet Pressing:Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton

adjacent fabric in distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100% pick up.

Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton cloth covering the wool flannel pad and repeat iii

In Textile industry fastness is very important factor. Before Bulk

production all required fastness test is very essential. so we should

know about all fastness

Thanks to all for your attention