"Free" softver

Milan Milošević, 14-16. oktobar 2009, Pirot www.mmilan.com

““FREE”FREE”softver, licence i alatisoftver, licence i alati

““FREE”FREE”softver, licence i alatisoftver, licence i alati

Milan MiloševićMilan Milošević

Pirot, 14 – 16 oktobar 2009


Free softwareFree software

● “Free” - sloboda, ne cena

● “Free as in freedom”

● "Free as in beer" vs "Free as in speech"

● Besplatan vs slobodan


Besplatan softver?Besplatan softver?

● Vlasnički softver● Freeware● Shareware (?!?!)

● Free software

Licence: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html

http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html


Definicija:Definicija:

(0) Korišćenje programa u bilo koje svrhe

(1) Uvid u način funkcionisanja programa

(otvoreni kod)

(2) Redistribucija kopija

(3) Unapređivanje programa i objavljivanje

unapređenja


(0) Korišćenje programa(0) Korišćenje programa


(1) Open Source(1) Open Source

http://en.tiraecol.net

http://en.tiraecol.net/


(2) Redistribucija(2) Redistribucija


(3) Unapređivanje(3) Unapređivanje


Zašto?Zašto?

● I need, I want, I CAN

● Niko ne radi besplatno ?!?● Neko radi zbog zabave● Neko radi zbog potrebe

● “Novi” poslovni model● Cena usluge, ne proizvoda


Zašto ja?Zašto ja?

● Korisnik● Cena, stabilnost, bezbednost

● Kompanije● Kompatibilnost, nezavisnost, cena

● Čovečanstvo● Monopol, znanje, sigurnost, nema “Velikog brata”


Ali...Ali...

● Već koristite Slobodan softver !● Firefox● Wikipedia● Internet...


GNU is Not UnixGNU is Not Unix

● 1969: Nastao Unix (AT&T)

● 1983: Startovao GNU Projekat (Richard Stallman)

● 1991: Linux 0.01 ( 10k linija koda, 1 korisnik )

● 1994: Linux 1.0 ( 170k linija, 100 hiljada korisnika)

● 1996: Linux 2.0 ( 400k linija, 1,5 miliona korisnika)

● 1998: Free Software Definition (4 slobode)

● 1998: Linux 2.1.11 ( 1.5M linija, 7.5 miliona korisniak)

● 1999: Linux 2.2: 12 miliona korisnika

● 2009: Odlična budućnost


GNU/LinuxGNU/Linux

1991 (ver0.01)

1992 (ver0.96)

1993 (ver0.99)

1994 (ver1.0)

1995 (ver1.2)

1996 (ver2.0)

1997 (ver2.1)

1998 (ver 2.1.11)

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

Lines of CodeUsers

Apache


Prednosti:Prednosti:

● Brzina i stabilnost

● Bolji kvalitet i ekonomičnost

● Bezbednost: manje “rupa” brze i češće “zakrpe”

● Nema crva, spyware-a, rušenja, plavog ekrana

● Pravi višekorisnički sistem (pristup fajlovima, prava drugih korisnika, morate da se prijavite)

● Prilagodljivost (Mogućnost izbora, CLI, GUI,...).

● Jaka zajednica za podršku i razvoj


Ako je tako dobar...Ako je tako dobar...

● ...zašto se ne koristi više?● Skuplje = bolje● Marketing● Kompanije, ugovori, obaveze● Piraterija

“It’s easier for our software to compete with Linux when there’s piracy than when there’s not.” - Bill Gates (2007)

“They’ll get sort of addicted, and then we’ll somehow figure out how to collect sometime in the next decade.” Bill Gates (2006)


Svet bez zidovaSvet bez zidova

In a world without walls, who needs

windows and gates?


Koristi se:Koristi se:

● Google !● 70% web strana● TOP500 naj- računara

● Linux ~88% (svi sa liste TOP10)● Unix/Linux ~5.8%● Unix ~4.4%● Windows HPC ~1%● BSD – 1 računar


GNU/Linux distribucijeGNU/Linux distribucije


GNU/Linux za svaki danGNU/Linux za svaki dan

● Firefox, Thunderbird● aMSN, Pidgin, Kopete● OpenOffice● GIMP, Inkscape, Scribus● Amarok, Audacious, Mplayer, VLC, Kdenlive● Octave, FreeMat, Latex● Celestia, Kstars, OpenUniverse, Step


Instalacija programaInstalacija programa

● Windows● Google● Download, $$$● Install● Google, $$$...

● GNU/Linux● Menadžer paketa


CLI vs GUICLI vs GUI


Kako?Kako?

● Windows + slobodan softver

● Dual boot

● GNU/Linux + VirualBox

● GNU/Linux !


Ne samo Linux...Ne samo Linux...

● Skoro svi programi rade i na Windowsu● Internet:

● Wordpress● Joomla● SMF● Wiki● Itd

● Tekstovi, slike, audio i video materijal


Licence (1)Licence (1)

● Public Domain● EULA (End-User License Agreements )● GPL – General Public Licence● BSD – Berkeley Software Distribution

● Sloboda 3 nije obavezna

● CDDL (Common Development and Distribution License)● Licence kompanija, itd

● CC - Creative Commons





EULA (End Users license agreement): sharing is evil. BSD: Berkeley Software Distribution: sharing is not evil. GNU

General Public License: not sharing is evil. What you think?


CC - Creative CommonsCC - Creative Commons

● Attribution● Share Alike● Noncommercial● No Derivative Works

● http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/● http://creativecommons.org/international/rs/

http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/

http://creativecommons.org/international/rs/


AlatiAlati

● GIMP, Inkscape

● OpenOffice

● Kompozer, Bluefish

● Firefox + Firebug + …


Najviše se koristiNajviše se koristi

● Editor teksta (bilo koji)

● Firefox + Firebughttp://getfirebug.com/

http://getfirebug.com/


PITANJAPITANJA&&

PAUZA?PAUZA?

PITANJAPITANJA&&

PAUZA?PAUZA?

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"Free" softver