New Topic: States of Matter

All matter is one of three states: solid, liquid or gas.

Please load this image yourself. I can't put it here because I don't have a license for it.

http://falconsscience.files.wordpress.com/2008/08/state.gif

Solids

Solids have strong bonds between particles.

Solids have a fixed shape and volume.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LateriteBricks.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Solid.png

Liquids

Liquids have weak bonds between particles.

Liquids have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glass-of-water.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Liquid.png

Gas

Gases have no bonds between particles.

They do not have a fixed shape or volume, but spread out and take up the shape of their container.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kinetic_theory_of_gases.svg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isfahan_1210595_nevit.jpg

Bookwork

Read 20-24

Questions page 24

Read 25-29

Questions page 29 except question 2

Read pages 30-34

Questions page 35

Diffusion (Notes)

Particles in a liquid and a gas move around very quickly in r________ directions.

If particles are concentrated in one area in a gas, they will spread out and take up the entire space. As they do, their concentration d___________.

This is why gases appear to disappear when we open the window.

Particles spreading out by wind is not diffusion.

Diffusion and Temperature

Aim To investigate the relationship between the rate of diffusion and temperature.

Hypothesis
The potassium permanganate will spread out faster in the ________ water because ______

_____________________________________.

Results
______________________________________

Conclusion_____________________________________ `

Predict Observe Explain

POE is a short version of an experiment. It does not use the aim, hypothesis etc. 1. Mix 100mL of water and 100mL of alcohol.
2. Measure the total volume.

Hypothesis
50mL of water mixed with 50mL of alcohol will make __________ mL of water-alcohol mixture because ______________________________.

ExplanationGo online and do some research. Then explain what we saw.

Mixing Alcohol and Water

Alcohol and water have different sized particles.

The smaller alcohol particles fit into the spaces between the water particles.

The same thing happens when we mix salt and water.

When salt is added to water, the mass increases, the volume does not increase much, therefore the density ______________.

Flotation

If something has a lower density than water, it floats. If the density is higher than water, it sinks.

If salt is added to the water, the salt takes up some of the space in between the atoms, so the density becomes heavier.

Challenge: Fill the containers with the right amount of sand so that its density is higher than water but lower than salt water. How will you tell?

Matter and Particles

Everything is made of small particles (a_______ or m_________).

In solids, they are 'stuck' together in a special shape called a l__________.

In a liquid, the particles move in fast, random directions.

There is e_________ s_________ between the particles.

In a liquid, there are weak bonds keeping the particles together.

In a gas, there are no bonds holding the particles together. The particles move ________ than in a liquid.

When matter is heated, the particles move f_________ so they take up more space. This is called t___________ e___________.

Name the three states of matter.

Copy and complete the following table to show changes of state.

Tobi sprays deodorant in one corner of the room, and a few minutes later Eddie and Johan smell it at the back of the room. The windows are closed
A) Name the process by which the deodorant moved around the room.
B) Explain why it moved so slowly.

50mL of water and 50mL of alcohol do not make 100mL of the alcohol-water mixture. Explain why.

Explain why the container floated after the salt was added. You should explain density in your answer.

SolidLiquidGas

SolidLiquidGas

Energy
OUT of
the matterEnergy goes INTO the matter

Drawing Scientific Diagrams

Scientific Diagrams should be:2-dimensional

Have only ruled lines

Have labels.
A) Draw a diagram of a setup to measure the temperature of water every minute as it boils.
B) Make sure you know the terms:
beaker, test tube, retort stand, thermometer, bunsen burner, tripod, conical flask, funnel, filter paper.