Gsm cell analysis

Friday, April 14, 2023GSM Cell Analysis

GROUP MEMBERS SUPERVISOR Hammad Shafiq

Roll Number 17656

Mushtaq Ahmad Roll Number 17670

Shernawaz Khan Roll Number 15401

Umair Pervaiz Roll Number 15385

Mr. Mohammad Asad Khan

Department of I.T and Telecommunication


GSM CELL ANALYSISFinding cell parameters and calculating path loss by using HATA and Free Space Path Loss Model


OVERVIEW

Telecommunication means communication over distance via electronic equipment.

Wired and Wireless communication are the fundamental modes of transmission in

telecommunication.

Mobile communication is the most widely used type of wireless communication.

GSM is the most commonly used mobile communication standard in the world.


INTRODUCTION

GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication.

GSM is the first digital cellular mobile communication system.

Initially GSM was only used for voice communication over circuit switched

network.

Data services like SMS, WAP, Internet over GPRS and EDGE were added

later on.


In GSM the communication was made secure by using encryption.

Encryption / Decryption is done by means of SIM card by using encryption

keys.

Frequency is the most scarce resource in wireless communication.

GSM uses the concept of cells, sectors and frequency reuse to overcome

the problem of limited frequency range.

In GSM each user is assigned 2 channels of 200 kHz, one is used for uplink

and the other for downlink.


GSM ARCHITECTURE CONSISTS OF ACCESS AND CORE NETWORK Access Network deals with

communication between user and Core Network.

Core Network performs the task of switching and maintaining database of users.


CELL PARAMETERS Cell Global Identity

Mobile Country Code Indicates home country of user

Range 000-999

Mobile Network Code To identify network

Range 00-99

LAC To identify location areas

Range 0001H - FFFEH

Cell Identity To identify each cell uniquely

Range 0 - 65535

Base Station Identity Code Network Color Code

BTS Color Code

T3212 Period of location update

Default value is 20

Unit is 6 Mins


HARDWARE / SOFTWARE USED For finding cell parameters android smartphone was used.

Net Monitor was used to find GPS coordinates.

GSM Signal Monitoring was used to find LAC, CI, Handover, RSSI.

Google Maps was used to mark the path of drive test.


DRIVE TESTING

Drive Testing is the process of

monitoring and analyzing cell’s

parameters and performance.

Drive Testing was performed in

Rural Area (Telenor site in Dhodial)

Urban Area (Warid site in Abbottabad)

Collected data included

Cell Identity

Cell Sectors

Location Area Code

Serving Cell and Neighboring Cells

GPS Coordinates

ARFCN


PATH LOSS MODELS HATA Model is the most widely

used RF propagation model

It is best for predicting the behavior of radio propagation in cluttered areas

It calculates path loss by taking into account Percentage of buildings in a path Natural terrain features

It is valid for frequency range 150 – 1500 MHz

Free Space Path Loss Model is the fundamental prediction tool.

It is best for predicting radio propagation in ideal environment

It takes into account only distance and frequency


CELL SECTORSRural Area

The base station under observation

in rural area had the following cell

sectors

Sector 1 – 1551

Sector 2 – 1552

Sector 3 – 1553

Urban Area

The base station under observation

in urban area had the following cell

sectors

Sector 1 – 50521

Sector 2 – 50522

Sector 3 – 50523


COMPARISON OF MODELS IN RURAL AREA

1551 1552 1553

HATA 114.509 125.287 117.135

FSPL 92.179 102.317 98.973

10

30

50

70

90

110

130

HATA FSPL


COMPARISON OF MODELS IN URBAN AREA

50521 50522 50523

HATA 132.464 127.412 126.041

FSPL 93.0148 92.65 92.9879

10

30

50

70

90

110

130

HATA FSPL

Technology

Gsm cell analysis