Although carbon steel is usually characterized by its carbon content, stainless steel is defined by its 10.5 percent minimum chromium content. Stainless steel, like carbon steel, contains carbon and iron, but the additional chromium is what gives it its distinct properties. One of the most significant advantages of stainless steel is that it prevents the steel from oxidization, which degrades metals over time.
Stainless steel is also distinguished by its sheen, a property given by chromium. Stainless steel 301ln plates is often used in cookware, knives, and surgical devices.
Guide to different types of steel with examples
The amount of carbon in the steel, the other alloys it
comprises, and how it was treated all contribute to its grade. Each
Steel type has distinct properties that make them well-suited to
particular production goals. Some steels are strong and hard, while
others are ductile and versatile.
Guide to different types of steel with examples
CARBON STEEL
Carbon steel is a metal alloy composed of both iron and carbon.
However, in the manufacturing industry, carbon steel is often
characterized in a variety of ways. In the metals industry, both of
the following are considered “carbon steel.”
Steel that contains up to 2% carbon
There are three ways that carbon steel is classified — low,
medium, and high.
LOW CARBON STEEL- Low carbon steel (also known as “mild carbon
steel” or “plain carbon steel”) refers to carbon steels with a
carbon content of up to 0.30 percent.
CARBON STEEL
MEDIUM CARBON STEEL- Carbon steels with a carbon content of 0.31
percent to 0.60 percent and magnesium content of 0.31 percent to
1.60 percent are referred to as medium carbon steels. Some common
uses for medium carbon steel Gears, Machinery parts, Pressure
structures, Railway tracks.
HIGH CARBON STEEL- High carbon steels are carbon steels with a
carbon content ranging from 0.61 to 1.50 percent and a magnesium
content ranging from 0.31 to 0.90 percent. High carbon steel is the
carbon steel of choice for hardness and durability. Some common
uses for high carbon steel Bars, Railways, High toughness, Low
ductility, Reduced weldability.
STAINLESS STEEL
Although carbon steel is usually characterized by its carbon
content, stainless steel is defined by its 10.5 percent minimum
chromium content. Stainless steel, like carbon steel, contains
carbon and iron, but the additional chromium is what gives it its
distinct properties. One of the most significant advantages of
stainless steel is that it prevents the steel from oxidization,
which degrades metals over time.
Stainless steel is also distinguished by its sheen, a property
given by chromium. Stainless steel 301ln plates is often used in
cookware, knives, and surgical devices.
AUSTENITIC ALLOYS
By far the most popular type of stainless steel metal on the
market is austenitic stainless steel alloys. They are non-magnetic,
resist oxidation, and have a distinct appearance (though they can
become magnetic in certain circumstances).
There are two common austenitic alloy grades:
Grade 304
Grade 316
Grades of austenitic alloys also include 301, 302, 303, 309, and
321.
FERRITIC ALLOYS
Another semi-common stainless steel alloy is stainless steel
ferritic alloys. They are magnetic, as opposed to austenitic
alloys, and thus suitable for applications requiring magnetism.
Because of their low nickel content, these are usually the most
affordable stainless steel alloys.
There are two common ferritic alloy grades:
Grade 430
Grade 434
MARTENSITIC ALLOYS
The least popular stainless steel alloy is a martensitic
stainless steel alloy. These alloys have exceptional hardness and
durability, but due to their low oxidation properties, they are
only suitable for applications requiring extreme hardness.
Common martensitic alloy grade Grade 420.
ALLOY STEELS
The term “alloy steels” refers to the broadest and most diverse
variety of steel alloys. These are created by mixing carbon steel
with different alloying elements to provide each steel with
specific properties. There are several different alloy steel, but
some of the most common are:
Chromium
Cobalt
Molybdenum
Nickel
TOOLING STEELS
Tooling steel is the final steel category. These are the steels
that are used in tooling operations such as drilling. Tooling
steels are heat-resistant, robust, and solid, and are usually
composed of molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, and cobalt.
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