Guided nanophotonic devices and applications

Christiano J. S. de Matos

MackGraphe - Graphene and Nano-Materials Research Center Mackenzie Presbyterian University

http://www.mackenzie.br/mackgrafe.html

cjsdematos@mackenzie.br

•  MackGraphe

•  Previous work

–  Fibers with coated/functionalized surfaces

–  Plasmonic and nonlinear waveguides

•  Current research focus and interests

•  Acknowledgments

Outline

2

Mackenzie

•  A brand new research center dedicated to the investigation of the properties of graphene and

other nano-materials with an applied engineering

thinking.

4

MackGraphe

•  Strong collaboration with the industry expected

Start up funding

5

MackGraphe

Fapesp : US$ 5.000.000,00. Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie:

US$ 10.000.000,00. MackPesquisa: US$ 400.000,00 CNPq: US$ 400.000,00

Eunézio  A  de  Souza  (Thoroh)  

 Christiano  J.S.  de  

Matos  Juan  Alfredo  

Guevara  Carrió  Guilhermino  Fachine  

 

Mauro  Terence    

Leila  Figueiredo  de  Miranda  

 Jairo  José  Pedrotti  

 Anamaria  Dias  Pereira  Alexiou  

Maura  Vincenza  Rossi  

 Antonio  Helio  de  Castro  Neto  

(Visiting  Professor)    

   

 

Chemistry

Materials Engineering

Electric Eng. and Physics

Visiting Professor

Dario Bahamon Hugo L. Fragnito

UNICAMP

External professor

Lucia Saito

6

MackGraphe’s Faculty

Sergio Domingues

•  MackGraphe initiated its activities in 2012, with the aim to carry out graphene synthesis, characterization, and device development, with special attention to photonic devices.

7

MackGraphe

Previous work

8

Fibers with coated/functionalized surfaces

Fiber tips with carbon nanotube films

10

•  Mode locking fiber lasers with C nanotube saturable absorbers extensively studied

•  A micropipette was used to deposit a polymer film containing nanotubes

20 µm thickness achieved

11

•  Mode-locked laser design and film optimization

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6123456789

1011

αL product

Ban

dwid

th (n

m)

(a)   Erbium-doped fiber

Polarizationcontroller

WDMcoupler

SignalIsolator

24% outputcoupler

CNT Saturableabsorber sample

R. M. Gerosa et al., IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25, 1007 (2013)

Fiber tips with carbon nanotube films

12

•  Mode-locked fiber laser characterization

1540 1545 1550 1555 1560 1565 1570

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Nor

mal

ized

Inte

nsity

Wavelength (nm)

ΔλFWHM = 10.2 nm

-2 -1 0 1 20.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.0

Nor

mal

ized

Inte

nsity

Time delay (ps)

actual pulsewidth = 364 fs

Fiber tips with carbon nanotube films

R. M. Gerosa et al., IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25, 1007 (2013)

13

•  Layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition PAH (+)

Congo red (-)

32-nm thick polymer film deposited by layer-by-layer method (4 Congo Red/PAH bilayers)

R. E. P. de Oliveira et al., JOSA B, 2012

Polymer-coated inner walls

Polymer-coated inner walls

•  Modes guided by anti-resonance in a hollow-core PCF

600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800

-30

-20

-10

0

Nor

mal

ized

Tra

nsm

issi

on (d

B)

Wavelength (nm) 14 R. E. P. de Oliveira et al., JOSA B, 2012

Plasmonic and nonlinear optical waveguides

15

Electrically-controlled phase-matched frequency conversion in a microring

•  Frequency conversion via four-wave mixing (3rd order NL effect) in microressonators is actively studied nowadays

•  The application of a DC field enables second-harmonic or sum/difference freq. generation (2nd order NL effect)

•  However, phase-matching is required for efficient conversion

16

Electrically-controlled phase-matched frequency conversion in a microring

•  Here: quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation is numerically obtained in a silicon nitride microring ressonator

17 !!

Electrically-controlled phase-matched frequency conversion in a microring

•  Unlike with four wave mixing, frequency conversion can be actively switched on and off

18 !

Preform with gold nanoparticles

Plasmon excitation in optical fibers containing gold nanoparticles

•  A fiber has been fabricated containing gold ions •  Gold nanoparticle nucleation is induced by heating •  Absorption due to plasmon resonance can be

observed and can be exploited for nonlinear optical devices

19

Before nucleation

After nucleation

Plasmon excitation in optical fibers containing gold nanoparticles

•  Mach-Zehnder Interferometer •  Cross-phase modulation: 1550 nm signal and

660nm resonant pump (10 mW CW)

•  Thermal response (µs response time)

20 1546 1548 1550 1552 1554

-87

-86

-85

-84

-83

-82

-81

dBm

Wavelength [nm]

n2 = 7x10-15 m²/W

Current focus and interests

21

All-waveguide integrated devices based on nonlinear and plasmonic effects in graphene and graphene-like materials

Graphene assets for photonic applications

22

•  Highly transparent (97.3 % transmission) while highly absorptive

•  Absorption is saturable •  Flat broadband absorption can be electrically

switched off

•  Highly nonlinear (n2 ~ 108 times higher than that of silica)

•  Promising plasmonic properties (high carrier mobility)

Current projects and interests

•  Four wave mixing in graphene on the tip of a fiber

23 B. Xu et al., IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24, 1792 (2012) 1000 1050 1100 1150

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0 Com grafeno Sem grafeno

Potê

ncia

nor

mal

izad

a (d

B)

Comprimento de onda (nm)

6,8 dB

Current projects and interests

•  Saturable absorption, nonlinear optics and plasmonics in graphene next to a waveguide

24 W. Li et al., Nano Lett. 14, 955 (2014)

Acknowledgments •  Team @ Mackgraphe

–  Ivan Hernandez Romano –  Daniel Lopez Cortes –  Rafael E. P. de Oliveira –  Rodrigo M. Gerosa –  Tamiris G. Suarez –  Priscila Romagnoli –  Paulo Justino –  Charles Miranda –  Robson A. Colares –  Gerson Kazumi Sinohara –  Julio Freitas

25

•  Main Collaborators –  Prof. Walter Margulis

(ACREO-Sweden) –  Prof. Michael Fokine

(KTH-Sweden) –  Prof. F. Lazaro Freire

(PUC-Rio – Brazil) –  Prof. A. H. Castro Neto

(NUS – Singapore) –  Prof. Marcos A. Pimenta

(UFMG – Brazil)

–  Prof. Gustavo Wiederhecker (Unicamp – Brazil)

•  Financial support: FAPESP, CNPq, FINEP, Mackpesquisa