Dare To Challenge Group

The foods and nutrition play important role in health and wellbeing of people

Foods related behavior are complex and influenced many factors such as physiological, socio -demographic characteristic (income, education, ethnicity), behavioural and life style factors also knowledge and attitude related to health and diet.

Perception is the process by which organisms interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience

Perception in humans describes the process whereby sensory stimulation is translated into organized experience. That experience, or percept, is the joint product of the stimulation and of the process itself.

There are a number of positive as well as negative factors that contribute the overall quality of life in urban centers and if there is any general statement to be made about urban living, it is that there is a great deal of diversity and choice.

In urban areas, there are many more choices people can make about a number of aspects of their daily lives. For instance, in urban areas, one is more likely to be able to find many different types of food and this could lead to overall greater health since there could be a greater diversity in diet

In addition, those in urban areas enjoy the opportunity to take in any number of cultural or social events as they have a large list to choose from.

As a result they have the opportunity to be more cultured and are more likely to encounter those from other class, cultural, and ethnic groups.

Individual BiologicalPsychobiological Needs

• allergic• health condition/history

• Diet•Sensory characteristics

Social Environment

• family• friends

Technology• instant food

• food technology

Social Organization

• legal and political structure

• fast food industry• food price

Physical Environment

• flood• seasonal changes

CultureIdea Systems

• western food• food avoidance

Education

Biological needs

Religion

Food Availability

Food Choice

Food Perception

Knowledge

Prestige

Culture

Experience

How is perception of healthy food among urban people ?◦ What kind of healthy food source based on your

perception?◦ What are the factors influence healthy food

perception?◦ What will be the barriers to get healthy food?

Data collection:◦ Interview◦ Observation

Data analysis◦ Descriptive analysis * reduction (selecting, focusing and transforming)

* coding/themes* matrices

Find out the perceived perception of urban people about healthy food and factor influencing

Tools :◦ Questionnaire◦ Observational list

Logistic :◦ Field notes◦ Gifts

Location : Café in Salemba UI campus (Seven Café and Kantin Sri Boga)Café cafetaria that has characteristics:1. Nice atmosphere2. Provide comfortable place for visitors 3. Relatively have more expensive price

Informant : Visitors of the café ( 11 adults)

Strategies of data gathering : ◦ Pre testing and revising tools◦ Get informant while they are in the cafe ◦ Personal approach before data gathering◦ Give reward after data gathering ◦ Asking their phone number or email address for

confirmation

Perception of healthy food among Perception of healthy food among urban people :urban people :Balance nutrition (4 sehat 5 sempurna)Fresh food (vegetables and fruits)Not contain preservatives and food additivesLess contain of fat and cholesterolHygieneNot over consumedFood can not cause disease

Factors Influencing PerceptionFactors Influencing Perception Knowledge Education Cultural Religion Sensory characteristic Allergic Experience from patience

Place to Get Healthy FoodPlace to Get Healthy Food Buy from traditional market Home food Restaurant/canteen

ObservationObservationه 9 out of 11 informants 9 out of 11 informants consistently consistently

between perception and food choices between perception and food choices during observationduring observation

ه 2 out of 11 informants 2 out of 11 informants inconsistently inconsistently different, due to:different, due to:Time constraint Time constraint Availability of menuAvailability of menuAccessibilityAccessibilityAttractive advertisement from caféAttractive advertisement from café

SocioeconomicSocioeconomicه High socioeconomic High socioeconomic have good perception have good perception

about healthy food.about healthy food.ه Most of them are more choose home food Most of them are more choose home food

rather than buy the food in the vendors.rather than buy the food in the vendors.ه Reason Reason they thing they thing they can make sure they can make sure

the quality of the food if they make it by the quality of the food if they make it by themselves.themselves.

e.g. one of informant stated that she can e.g. one of informant stated that she can guarentee the hygiene of home foodsguarentee the hygiene of home foods

Medical and non-medical backgroundMedical and non-medical backgroundه 5 out of 11 informants 5 out of 11 informants medical medical

backgroundbackgroundه 6 out of 11 informants 6 out of 11 informants non-medical non-medical

background background ه Non-medical background Informants Non-medical background Informants also also

have good knowledge on healthy food have good knowledge on healthy food lead lead to good perception and practice to healthy to good perception and practice to healthy food preferences.food preferences.

Sex and CulturalSex and Culturalه Sex Sex both both good perception on healthy good perception on healthy

food but in practice female more concern food but in practice female more concern about body image related to food choices.about body image related to food choices.

ه Cultural (family) Cultural (family) 8 out 11 informants 8 out 11 informants influences healthy food perception.influences healthy food perception.

Religion and ExperienceReligion and Experienceه Religion Religion 3 out of 11 informants 3 out of 11 informants some of some of

the food that avoid considered unhealthy the food that avoid considered unhealthy fat contained and worm infestation.fat contained and worm infestation.

ه Experience Experience 1 out of 11 informant 1 out of 11 informant has has experience from the patience about healthy experience from the patience about healthy and unhealthy and unhealthy ◦ Influence her perception on healthy food.Influence her perception on healthy food.

Most of the informants considered balance nutrition as their perception of healthy food

Besides education, knowledge, culture, religion, we found that sensory characteristic and experience also have influence their perception

Prestige is not influencing their perception of healthy food

Barriers of choosing healthy food:Time constraint Time constraint Availability of menuAvailability of menuAccessibilityAccessibilityAttractive advertisement from caféAttractive advertisement from café

ه Health promotion can be done in café ه Guidelines healthy food to café about food

processing and food variation ه Pre testing should be in real situation

ه All member of the group should experience with pre-testing, e.g. 1 or 2 pre testing.

ه After that member of the group discussed:FindingsQuestion add, modified, or deletedStrategy to asking question

Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect

ه Blank in the moment Blank in the moment less probing. less probing.ه Less discussion with team member Less discussion with team member

about how to raise question.about how to raise question.ه Asking people while they are eating.Asking people while they are eating.ه Less responsive or silent informant.Less responsive or silent informant.

ه Limited time of informant.Limited time of informant.ه Informant influencing by friend.Informant influencing by friend.ه Leading question Leading question ه Less experience in interview.Less experience in interview.

Burness, H. 2003. Clinical and Non-clinical staffs Perceptions and Values of Healthy Eating, Barriers and Solutions to Accessing Healthy Food at Waikato Hospital

Bellisle, F. 2003. Determinants of Food Choice

Bjorklund, D.V. 2000. Children's Thinking:Developmental Function and individual Differences. 3rd Ed. Belmont, CA : Wadsworth)