HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

GANDHI INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGY

Guided by:Prof.Subhransu sekhar panda

Chinmoy kanta jena Chinmaya singh Krushna chandra sahoo Jyotiprakash mishra Kamalakanta behera

Team members

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the efficiency of heterogeneous wireless sensor network over homogenous wireless sensor network.

To analyze the stability, life time ,through put.

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of distributed autonomous wireless sensors nodes to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, sound, vibration, pressure, motion etc.

Each node having sensing area of few meters and radio range approximately 10 to 15 meters.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK …cntd. WSN is a self organized or spontaneous network.

Each node can sense, compute and communicate each other. They can either receive message or transmit message and can transmit messages to the sink (or Base Station).

The sink can use many ways to communicate with remote network, such as Internet, satellite and mobile communication network.

Finally, the Task Manager (User) collects this transmitted data.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A SENSOR NODE

Transceiver

Sensor 1

Power Source

Micro-controller

MemorySensor 2

ADC

Few Sensing inputs:1. Temperature

2. Humidity3. Light Intensity4. Sound5. Vibration6. Pressure

7. Motion .

ROUTING

CLUSTERING ALGORITHM

Construction phase1. Each node tests whether to become CH

or not.2. If node becomes CH then it sends

cluster advertisement and waits for response3. If node decides not to be CH then

listens for CH advertisements and responses to the

closest CH

CLUSTERING ALGORITHM (Cont…)

Maintenance phase1. When cluster is established, CH

sends/transmits data in schedule.2. After certain time the cluster is

disrupted and new construction phase takes place (rotation of CH) where new CH are elected

SELECTING CLUSTER-HEADS IN LEACH Node i chooses random number s between 0

and 1 If s < T(i), node i becomes a cluster head in

current round where: T(i)= where: P = desired percentage of cluster heads r=no. of round

CH SELECTION CRITERIA

Cluster head are selected according to Initial Energy Residual Energy Energy Consumption Rate Average Energy of the Network:

CLUSTER NODE MAINTENANCE

Sensing field

LEACH ASSUMPTION

Synchronized network Base station is fixed and located far

from the sensors All nodes are homogeneous and energy

constrained All nodes can reach base station

LEACH PROPERTIES

Distributed Only local information CH role Data aggregation from node Forwards aggregated data to BS Inter-cluster communication via CH Simple

IN A HOMOGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT…

When all nodes start with the same energy level nodes “randomly” die and within a short period

The result of initial setting or evolution of the sensor network’s operation :“advanced” node has a “α” times more energy than “normal” nodeThe energy of each advanced node is E0(1+α) .

BUT IN A HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT…

A. Military fields.B. Medical monitoring and Health

care.C. Industrial Control.D. Ocean and wildlife monitoring.E. Building safety.F. Earthquake Early Warning and

Monitoring.G. Environmental applications.H. Intelligent green aircrafts.I. Smart Roads.

APPLICATION DOMAINS OF WSNS

PERFORMANCE MEASURES Stability Period: Time until death of the first

node Network lifetime: Time until death of the last

alive node Number of cluster-heads per round: Nodes

which will directly send aggregated information to the sink

Throughput: Rate of data reporting to cluster-heads and to sink

Thank you