HL 1 Topic 1

Complete the following as you read through the PowerPoint on statistical analysis

Slide 1 – title slide

Slide 2 - 3

- What is the mean?

- What are error bars?

- Error bars can be used to plot…

- How do you know that Set A has the largest mean?

- How do you know that set B has the greatest variability?

Slide 4

- Explain why you would not need the bars for the graph provided.

Slide 5

- What is a nectarivore? Give 3 examples of nectarivores.

- Define mutualism (use your understanding not Dr. Google’s)

- Why would the measurement of bill lengths and body size have any insight on the evolutionary history of a hummingbird?

- What is statistical analysis?

Slide 6

- Why should the sample size be large?

- What do you think is the source of uncertainty and error of measurements?

Slide 7

- What is uncertainty?

- In digital measuring devised you use _______________ for uncertainty.

- Rulers have uncertainty on both ends – explain why.

- Analogue (non-digital) measurements are usually what?

Slides 8 – 12

We will practice the use of excel in class – you can open up an excel document and copy the steps you read on these slides.

Slide 13

- The mean is a measure of the….

- What is range?

- Explain the differences in the 2 graphs on slide 13.

Slides 14 - 16

- How do you calculate the range of data?

- How do you explain the presence of the 21 data point?

- What does this do to the data?

Slide 17

- What is standard deviation?

- Explain why this gives us a more reliable view of the true spread of data?

Slides 18-19

- Why is C the correct answer?

Slides 20-21

- Why is B the correct answer?

Slides 22 – 28

- We will go over this in class – you may use an excel doc to practice standard deviation and take out your scientific calculator to practice as well.

Slides 29 – 30

- Explain the answer for letter B

Slides 31 - 32

- How can significance be discovered?

- What defines not likely or likely to be significant?

Slides 33 - 34

- What is Range, Standard Deviation, Mean and Frequency?

- Why does set A have a higher frequency at the mean?

Slide 35

- What is a T-test?

Slide 36

- What will a T test tell us?

- Which table has the most similarity?

Slide 37

- Why start every T-test with a Null Hypothesis?

- If T-test accepts or rejects the null hypothesis what are we told?

Slides 38 – 40

Flip through these 3 slides multiple times. Each time you flip through study the progression of the image and focus on interpreting the information given in these slides.

What P is usually used by Biologists?

What does CV stand for?

Slides 41 – 46

- What does df stand for?

- How do you calculate df?

- How did the CV (critical value) get identified?

- How did you know that t was 2.15?

- How do you know there is a significant difference between wing span?

Slide 47

- Why do we reject the null hypothesis is t > cv?

Slide 48 - 49

- Explain the acceptance of the Null Hypothesis and how it was acquired?

Slides 50-51

- Explain the rejection of the Null Hypothesis and how it was acquired?

Slide 52

- Check em out

Slides 53 – 56

- We will practice during class – you can use the ecxcel document you’ve been practicing with to practice before class.

Slide 57

- Something fun

Slide 58 - 60

- What are correlations?

- Why would the first graph be described as a strong positive?

Slide 61

- Why do correlations not prove causality?

- What is needed?

Slide 62

- I tend to agree with the graph in the upper right.

Slide 63

- Check these out

Slide 64

- The end! Nice Job!!