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How badly will IPv6 screw up telecommunications? Where are the areas of telecom that will see the greatest impact? And what can be done to fix it? How badly will IPv6 screw up telecommunications? Where are the areas of telecom that will see the greatest impact? And what can be done to fix it? With the recent buzz around World IPv6 Day and the exhaustion of top-level IPv4 address allocations, organizations are starting to seriously look at exactly what is involved with migrating to IPv6... and asking questions about what this means for all their VoIP and Unified Communications systems. Given that the reality is that a "IPv6-only" world is a distant future, questions are particularly being asked around how those telecommunications systems will work during the transition period from IPv4 to IPv6. In this session, Voxeo's Dan York will explore where IPv6 and telecom play nice together and where there are serious minefields that may restrict telecom from working over IPv6In this session, Voxeo's Dan York will explore where IPv6 and telecom play nice together and where there are serious minefields that may restrict telecom from working over IPv6
Citation preview
How IPv6 Will Kill Telecom – And What We Need To Do About It"
June 27, 2011! Dan York!Dir. of Conversations!
twitter.com/danyork!twitter.com/voxeo!
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Dan York!
www.danyork.com
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Why IPv6?!
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© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
In The Beginning...!
192.168.20.12
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Mobility!
www.flickr.com/photos/kapungo/3396823518/
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
A Plethora of Portable Platforms!
www.flickr.com/photos/clonedmilkmen/5111779335/
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Internet of Things!
www.flickr.com/photos/dmje/5159177886/
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Internet of Things!
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Internet of Things!
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
EVERYTHING over IP
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
How IP Address Allocation Works!
Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
You
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Global IPv4 Disparity !
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Oops... as of Feb 1, 2011...!
Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
You
All Gone!
Solutions?!
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
IPv4 Marketplace!
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Prolonging IPv4 - NAT Today!
Firewall
ISP
Internet Firewall
IP Phone
PC
Home Firewall
Home
Public IP NAT
Private IP Addresses
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Carrier Grade NAT (a.k.a. LSN)!
ISP
Internet Firewall
IP Phone
PC
Home Firewall
Home
Public IP NAT
Private IP Addresses
Firewall
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Old NATs Never Die...!
ISP
Internet Firewall
IP Phone
PC
Home Firewall
Home
Public IP NAT
Private IP Addresses
Firewall
NAT Private IP Addresses
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The Problem?!
SIP NAT
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Oh, and by the way... !
(sorry... we still have NAT-like networks with IPv6...)
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And then there is... !
Challenge #1 For VoIP and UC Apps:!
How Many Digits Is That?!
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See the problem?!
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See the problem?!
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IPv4!
192.168.20.12
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IPv6!
2001:db8:34a5:23:aa1f:12f4:9009:1234
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IPv6 Address Compression!
2001:db8:34a5:0:0:0:0:1
2001:db8:34a5::1
(oh, and they aren’t case-sensitive)
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IPv6 Address Compression!
127.0.0.1 ::1
0.0.0.0 ::
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DNS is your friend!
Challenge #2 For VoIP and UC Apps:!
Whereʼs The Nearest Port?!
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IPv4 Port Numbers!
192.168.20.12:5060
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IPv4 Port Numbers in IPv6?!
192.168.20.12:5060
2001:db8:34a5::1234:5060
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IPv6 Port Numbers!
[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:5060
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IPv6 addressing!
http://[2001:db8:34a5::1234]/index.html
http://[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:8080
sip:dan@[2001:db8:34a5::1234]
sip:dan@[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:5060
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DNS is your friend!
Challenge #3 For VoIP and UC Apps:!
Whatʼs the Address?!
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IPv6 – Multiple Addresses / Interface!
192.168.20.12
2001:db8:34a5:92:21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80 (global)
fe80::21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80 (link-local)
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
IPv6 – Neighbor Discovery!
No More DHCP For Address Assignment (well, unless you want it)
Router Advertisements
Also Replaces ARP
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IPv6 – Address Creation!
2001:db8:34a5:92:21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80
Router Advertisement
Autoconfiguration from Ethernet Address
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DNS is your friend!
Challenge #4 For VoIP and UC Apps:!
How Many Aʼs Do You Want With That?!
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IPv4 and DNS!
example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.20.12
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IPv6 and DNS!
example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.20.12
example.com 3600 IN AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234
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IPv6 DNS Fun!
What if DNS gives a AAAA....
but your system doesn’t have “real” IPv6 connectivity?
(You can retrieve AAAA records over IPv4!)
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UNhappy Eyeballs!
You
DNS Svr
example.com A 192.168.20.12 example.com AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234
AAAA
(a long time later...)
A
?
?
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Happy Eyeballs!
You
DNS Svr
example.com A 192.168.20.12 example.com AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234
AAAA
A ? ?
(sent at same time; whichever replies first wins)
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Happy Eyeballs!
draft-ietf-v6ops-happy-eyeballs
Challenge #5 For VoIP and UC Apps:!
What Lies Buried Within?!
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How Do You Store IP Addresses?!
Memory?
Databases?
Config Files?
Room for two? (or more?)
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Config Files!
<category name="SIP">
<item name="Server1">127.0.0.1:5060 </item>
</category>
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© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
IPv6 Works Fine!!
Linphone – http://www.linphone.org Open source, free and available for Linux, Windows and MacOS X
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Linphone and IPv6!
Linphone – http://www.linphone.org Open source, free and available for Linux, Windows and MacOS X
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
RFC 6157!
RFC 6157
“IPv6 Transition in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)”
tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6157
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SIP Architecture!
SIP Proxy
A
Alice Bob Media (RTP, MSRP, etc.)
SIP SIP
SIP Proxy
B SIP
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SIP Reality!
Internet (or WAN)
Alice Bob Media
SIP SIP
SIP Proxy
A SIP
SIP Proxy
B
SIP Proxy
N
SIP Proxy
D SIP
SIP Proxy
C SIP SIP
Media Proxy
A
Media Proxy
B Media Media
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“SIP” = Multiple Protocols!
SIP SDP
RTP
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IPv4/IPv6 Fun!
Communicating between IPv4 client and IPv6 client through a proxy • Record-Route: <sip:2001:db8::1;lr>
• Record-Route: <sip:192.0.2.1;lr>
Mixed communication across a path of proxies
Mixed communication: IPv6 for SIP, IPv4 for media
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
IPv6 and SDP!
Only allows a single IP address per media stream (“c=“ parameter) • c=IN IP4 192.168.20.12
• c=IN IP6 2001:db8:34a5::1234
Multiple proposals for additional SDP parameters • ex. ANAT - RFC 4091 & 4092 – now deprecated by
ICE
The IETF way forward is ICE – RFC 5245
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NAT, NAT, NAT... !
STUN, TURN, ICE
(RFC 5245)
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Discovery of SIP Servers!
User agents need to find SIP servers/proxies
DHCPv6 • SIP Options in RFC 3319
DNS SRV, NAPTR and AAAA Records (RFC 3263)
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Other IPv6 Considerations!
Other interfaces • Web and management systems
• Logging
• APIs
Custom SIP headers
Multi-vendor interoperability
SBC and firewall support for SIP over IPv6
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
SIP Forum “IPv6” Mailing List!
sipforum.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
SIPit Test Events!
sipit.net
SIPit 28: “68% of the implementations present supported IPv6.”
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Get Started With IPv6... !
http://bit.ly/voxeoipv6
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Set up Test Lab or your Home Office!
http://tunnelbroker.net
www.test-ipv6.com www.ipv6-test.com
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
SIP Softphones Supporting IPv6!
Linphone • www.linphone.org
Jitsi (formerly SIP Communicator) • www.jitsi.org
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Olle Would Want Me To Mention... !
Asterisk 1.8
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Jonathan Would Want Me To Mention...!
Voxeo Prophecy 10.1
• Standards-based platform for speech, IVR and SIP applications
• Downloads and installs in minutes; Scales from 2 ports to 10’s of thousands of ports
• World’s most compatible and compliant VoiceXML and CCXML
Voxeo PRISM 10.1
• Real-time Communications Application Server
• Supports Converged SIP, Web and XMPP applications.
• Carrier grade high performance platform with full support of high availability and session replication
Free developer versions for Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
www.voxeo.com/prophecy www.voxeo.com/prism
74
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Marc Would Want Me To Mention...!
sipforum.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation
Q&A!
Visit our IPv6 resource page and read our IPv6 blog posts:
• http://bit.ly/voxeoipv6
Dan York
• sip:[email protected]
• skype:danyork