iPhone App development -

SKILLSCHOOL.co.in

So what is all the fuss about?

Touchscreen interface, with several patents

Visual voicemail

Full MacOSX instead of subset (half a Gb)

Webbrowsing with most advanced webbrowser to date on handheld device (Safari)

Synchronisation via ITunes => demo

Features

Screen size: 3.5 in (89 mm)Screen resolution: 480×320 pixels at 163 ppi, with 3:2 aspect ratioInput devices: Multi-touch screen interface plus a "Home" button and "Sleep/Wake" located on the top of the iPhone.Built-in rechargeable, non-removable battery2 megapixel cameraLocation finding by detection of cell towers and Wi-Fi networksSamsung S5L8900 (412 MHz ARM 1176 processor, PowerVR MBX 3D graphics co-processor)Memory: 128 MB DRAMStorage: 8 GB or 16 GB flash memoryOperating System: iPhone OSQuad band GSM / GPRS / EDGE: GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900Wi-Fi (802.11b/g)Bluetooth 2.0 with EDR20Hz to 20kHz frequency response (both internal and headset)

Features new generation

Color: Black (8 GB or 16 GB) or white (16 GB)Size: 4.5 inches (115.5 mm) (h) × 2.4 inches (62.1 mm) (w) × 0.48 inch (12.3 mm) (d)Weight: 133 gHeadphone jack (non-recessed)Battery has up to 10 hours of 2G talk, 5 hours of 3G talk, 5 (3G) or 6 (Wi-Fi) hours of Internet use, 7 hours of video playback, and up to 24 hours of audio playback, lasting over 300 hours on standby.3G for broadband data speeds Assisted GPSDigital SAR Rating: 1.38 W/kg

Popularity

iPhone Stats

October, 2008 10 Million iPhones

App store stats

July, 2008 (launch) : 552 Apps December 5, 2008 : 300M downloads February, 2009 : 20.000 Apps / 500M downloads

Openness

Closed source with open source components.

Given Apple’s history, this is likely to stay this way.

(Benevolent) Vertically Integrated Dictatorship vs.

Open Source, Loosely-Controlled Ecosystem

Open Source NO YES

Write anything you want NO YES

Device Homogeneity YES NO

iPhone Android

Where to start?

http://developer.apple.com/iphone/

Download iPhone SDK, if you are a Registered iPhone Developer or enrolled in the iPhone Developer Program

SDK includes :XcodeIPhone simulatorMonitoring instrumentsInterface builder

• loading an application onto devices is only possible after paying a Apple Developer Connection membership fee of 99 $ (standard) or 299 $ (enterprise)

• => XCode demo : UDecide

Web apps

• http://www.apple.com/webapps/

http://www.shockwise.com/iphone/draw.php

Developers are free to set any price for their applications to be distributed through the App Store, of which they will receive a 70 percent share

• Developers can also opt to release the application for free and will not pay any costs to release or distribute the application beyond the membership fee

Web Apps

Applications are downloaded directly to iPhone or iPod Touch

App Store is also available within iTunes

Applications are subject to approval by Apple, as outlined in the SDK agreement, for basic reliability testing and other analysis

Applications may be rejected if they are of only "limited utility"

Toolbars must be placed at the bottom of the screen, and the vibration function should only be used for alerts

How do we develop Apps for the iPhone?

We can use Xcode / Objective C

We can develop AJAX / Javascript applications that can be accessed through Safari

We can use Java

AlcheMo for iPhoneXmlvmWe can install Java on an unlocked and Jailbroken iPhone

Objective C

1980S : Objective-C language designed by Brad J. Cox:

–Object-oriented extension of C. Inspired by Smalltalk. –Strict superset of C.

1988 : NeXT Software licenses the Objective-C language and develops NEXTSTEP

1992 : FSF adds Objective-C to GNU compiler suite

1994 : NeXT Computer and Sun Microsystems release a standardized OPENSTEP specification

1996 : Apple acquires NeXT Software. Use for OS X. OPENSTEP now called Cocoa.

Objective C

Interface (.h)

#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>

@interface Fraction: NSObject{

intnumerator; intdenominator; }-(void) print; -(void)setNumerator: (int) d; -(void)setDenominator: (int) d; -(int) numerator; -(int) denomin@end

Objective C

Implementation (.m)

#import "Fraction.h“

#import <stdio.h>

@implementation Fraction

-(void) print { printf("%i/%i", numerator, denominator); }

-(void) setNumerator: (int) n

{ numerator = n; }

-(void) setDenominator: (int) d

{ denominator = d; }

-(int) denominator { return denominator; }

-(int) numerator { return numerator; }@end

AJAX & JavaScript

AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) : a group of interrelated web development techniques used to create interactive web applications or rich Internet applications. With Ajax, web applications can retrieve data from the server asynchronously in the background without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. Despite the name, the use of JavaScript and XML is not actually required, nor do the requests need to be asynchronous. The acronym AJAX has thus changed to the term Ajax, which does not represent these specific technologies.

Applets were the precursors of AJAX

With iPhone Safari browser, very rich and native looking Apps are possible

AJAX & JavaScript

AJAX plugin for eclipse or standalone version : http://www.aptana.com/

Morfik also has an IDE : http://www.morfik.com/#Home

ASP.NET AJAX is supported : http://steveorr.net/articles/iPhone.aspx

Native look and feel screen controls : IUI. Based on the work of Joe Hewitt who developed the free Facebook iPhone App.• http://code.google.com/p/iui/• Create Navigational Menus and iPhone interfaces from

standard HTML• Use or knowledge of JavaScript is not required to create basic

iPhone pages• Ability to handle phone orientation changes• Provide a more "iPhone-like" experience to Web apps (on or

off the iPhone)

AJAX & JavaScript

The canvas element is a third party extension that allows for dynamic rendering of scriptable bitmap images. It was initially introduced by Apple or use inside their own Mac OS X Webkit component, powering applications like Dashboard widgets and the Safari browser. Later, it was adopted by Gecko browsers (notably Mozilla and Firefox) and standardized by the WHATWG on new proposed specifications for next generation web technologies. Support is also present in the Opera 9.0 browser. Canvas consists of a drawable region defined in HTML code with height and width attributes. JavaScript code may access the area through a full set of drawing functions similar to other common 2D APIs, thus allowing for dynamically generated graphics. Some anticipated uses of the canvas include building graphs, animations, and image composition.No need for flash anymore!

AJAX & JavaScript

Demo based on http://www.damonkohler.com/2008/12/javascript-painting-with-canvas.html

AJAX & JavaScript

Demo based on http://www.benjoffe.com/code/demos/canvascape/

AlcheMo for iPhone

http://www.innaworks.com/alcheMo-for-iPhone.html

alcheMo for iPhone is capable of converting J2ME applications utilizing an extensive subset of Java ME CLDC 1.1 (http://java.sun.com/products/cldc/) and MIDP 2.0 (including touch screen support) and supports several JSR extension APIs (http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=198) including the JSR-256 mobile sensor API. Additional APIs support multi-touch and native iPhone look and feel. This automatic translation process is instantaneous, repeatable, and available 24/7 while requiring no iPhone specific experience.

(real) Java on the iPhone

No official support

It is however possible to run Java on the iPhone

We have to pull some tricks, jailbreaking, installing...

Apple has stated it will not design software updates specifically to break native applications other than applications that perform SIM unlocking

Unlocking & Jailbreaking

Jailbreaking is distinct from "unlocking". Unlocking is the process by which a mobile device is made compatible with telephone networks it was not specifically licensed to be used with.

A jailbreak is the act of breaking out of a jail in UNIX-like operating systems or bypassing digital rights management (DRM). It is a specific form of privilege escalation. In the context of the iPhone, it allows the user to run arbitrarily defined code or applications, bypassing Apple's code distribution mechanism (the iTunes App Store and the iTunes Application).

Tools :PwnageTool, from the iPhone Dev Team (http://blog.iphone-dev.org/)QuickPwn, from the iPhone Dev Team (http://blog.iphone-dev.org/) Yellowsn0w, redsn0w (http://blog.iphone-dev.org/)Pusher, from RiP Dev (http://ripdev.com/pusher/)Linux on iPhone (http://www.iphonelinux.org/index.php/Main_Page)ZIPhone (http://www.ziphone.org/)

IPhone in Finder

• Install AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) on your iPhone• Get your iPhone's IP address• Connect to server from MacOSX Finder• afp://ip-address-of-your-iphone• User : 'root' / pwd : 'alpine'

Cydia

Cydia is a package manager for installing unofficial 3rd-party applications on the iPhoneAmong other things, this allows iPhone users to bypass Apple's restrictions on certain kinds of applications, such as launchers, custom wallpapers (themes) and battery status appsThe applications are downloaded directly to iPhone or iPod Touch and are located in the /Applications/ directory , in the same place where 'Apple' native applications are located. App Store applications are located in /var/mobile/Applications/Cydia is a front end/graphical interface for a port of APT created by Jay FreemanCydia allows users to add custom sources, so people can choose where to download software from

Installer

Installer is another package installer, created and maintained by the Russian Rip-Dev company alongside other tools. The former maintainer of Installer, on pre 2.0 firmwares, was Nullriver, Inc.

(real) Java on the iPhone

Run Cydia Installer, go to Java section and select iPhone/Java which will install the virtual machine, libraries etc. Then install Jikes (java compiler). Also, install Terminal. Now restart iPhone.

You can upload Java files to iPhone using iPhone Browser => demo

Run Terminal (installed above) and use java (jikes) compiler to compile your program. For example:

jikes -cp /usr/lib/rt.jar MyFirstJavaProgramForIPhone.java

You can run the class file as usual: java MyFirstJavaProgramForIPhone

XMLVM

http://www.xmlvm.org/overview/

XMLVM translates a Java class file (or a .NET executable) to an XML-document. This allows manipulation and translation of XMLVM-based programs using advanced XML technologies such as XSLT, XQuery, and XPath. Based on the XML-document generated by the front-end, various transformations are possible :

Cross-compilation from .NET to JVM byte codeJava or .NET applications to JavaScript so that they can run as AJAX applications in any browserCross-compilation of Java programs to Objective-C to create native iPhone applicationsCross-compilation of Android applications to run on the iPhone

XMLVM

XMLVM

HelloWorld in Java

import org.xmlvm.iphone.*;

public class HelloWorld extendsUIApplication

{ public voidapplicationDidFinishLaunching(NSNotification n)

{

CGRect rect = UIHardware.fullScreenApplicationContentRect();

UIWindow window = newUIWindow(rect);

window.orderFront(this); window.makeKey(this); window._setHidden(false); rect.origin.x = rect.origin.y = 0;

UIView mainView= newUIView(rect);

window.setContentView(mainView);

UITextLabel _title = new UITextLabel(rect);

_title.setText("Hello World!");

_title.setCentersHorizontally(true); mainView.addSubview(_title);

}

}

HelloWorld in Objective C

@interface helloWorld : UIApplication

-(void) applicationDidFinishLaunching: (NSNotification) n;

@end

@implementation helloWorld

-(void) applicationDidFinishLaunching: (NSNotification) n

{CGRect rect = [UIHardware fullScreenApplicationContentRect];

UIWindow* window = [[UIWindow alloc]initWithContentRect: rect];

[window orderFront: self];

[window makeKey: self];

[window _setHidden: false];

rect.origin.x = rect.origin.y = 0;

UIView* mainView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame: rect];

[window setContentView: mainView];

UITextLabel *_title = [[UITextLabel alloc]initWithFrame: rect];

[_title setText: @"Hello World!"];

[_title setCentersHorizontally: true];

[mainView addSubview: _title];

}@end

Crosscompiling HelloWorld.java to Objective-C

The cross-compiler is in source folder src/xmlvmclass org.xmlvm.Main

To generate the XMLVM for “Hello World” use the following command line options (under Eclipse):

--console ${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/bin/org/xmlvm/test/iphone/

HelloWorld.class

To cross-compile the XMLVM to Objective-C use:

--console --objc

${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/bin/org/xmlvm/test/iphone/

HelloWorld.class

To write the Objective-C source code to a file, use:

--out=tmp --objc

${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/bin/org/xmlvm/test/iphone/

HelloWorld.class

The previous command will generate two files:

–${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/tmp/HelloWorld.h

–${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/tmp/HelloWorld.m

Compile and run HelloWorld

Type “make” in ${workspace_loc:xmlvm}/tmp

Type “make deploy”

On the iPhone, type “killall SpringBoard” . The previous command can be accomplished by either ssh-ing (secure shell) into the iPhone, or by using a terminal application on the iPhone.

Restarting the SpringBoard is necessary only once so that it picks up the new “Hello World” application.

THANK YOU !!!!