Installing Mandriva LinuxFrom Mandriva Community Wiki

Main supported installation methods

These are the most commonly used and tested installation methods. You can expect these methods to workwithout problems.

1.) Installation from CD / DVD

The most common method for installing Mandriva Linux is from CD or DVD, either bought in a box set fromthe Mandriva Store, or created from images downloaded from a Mandriva mirror site(http://www.mandriva.com/download) . For instructions on writing the downloaded image to disc, see here. Inmost cases, starting an install from CD or DVD is as simple as putting the disc (the first disc, in the case ofmulti-disc sets) into the drive and rebooting.

Mandriva Linux installation does not start when system is booted with CD or DVD in the drive

If you place the disc in the drive, reboot, and the system simply boots up as normal into whatever operatingsystem is already installed, the problem is that your system is not configured to try booting from the CD / DVDdrive before booting from the hard drive. To fix this you must enter the system (BIOS) setup utility. This isusually achieved by pressing a special key at the very start of the boot process, while the system is checking thememory. The key is often a function key, or the Delete key. The key will be displayed on the initial boot upscreen and / or listed in your system manual. The exact process to change the boot device order will varydepending on the BIOS used by your system; if you cannot find the setting, please refer to your system manual.For one commonly used BIOS - Phoenix / Award - you should go to the 'Advanced BIOS Features' page and setthe first boot device to be CD-ROM. Make the hard disk the second boot device.

Installation from Mandriva Linux One

Mandriva Linux One is a combined Live / installation CD edition of Mandriva Linux. When you boot from aMandriva Linux One CD (by placing it in the drive and rebooting the system), Mandriva Linux One will run inlive mode: it will run directly from the CD without installing anything to the hard disk. There is an icon on thedefault desktop which can be used to install Mandriva Linux One to the hard disk.

Installation from a USB stick

The latest Mandriva ISO's (called 'hybrids') can be dumped straight onto a USB stick. There is a handy script tohelp with this called Mandriva Seed (http://www2.mandriva.com/downloads/?p=seed) . Note that the image willoverwrite the entire stick, not just a single partition. The script itself is mostly just to help you find the correctdevice to write to, and dd the image to the whole device and not attempt to use just a partition. Take care tomake sure you write to the correct device, as everything on it already will be lost.

Installation from a local mirror, hard disk, local network, or the Internet

To install by using any of these methods, you should create a boot CD or a boot USB storage device. You dothis by downloading an image file from a Mandriva mirror site and writing it to the disc or USB storage device.These files are located in the /i586/install/images (or /x86_64/install/images) directory forthe release you wish to install. The boot CD image is named boot.iso, and the USB storage device image isnamed all.img.

So, for example, the CD image file for the i586 edition of Mandriva Linux 2009 can be found as/MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586/install/images/boot.iso on any Mandrivamirror site.

To boot from the CD image, write it as an image (not as a file) to a CD or DVD recordable / rewriteable discusing your preferred CD / DVD writing software, then reboot with the disc in the drive. If the installationprocess does not start, refer to #Mandriva Linux installation does not start when system is booted with CD orDVD in the drive above.

To boot from a USB storage device, use the dd command (in Linux) to write the image to a USB storagedevice. You need to know the correct device node for the USB storage device - usually /dev/sda, but it maybe a different letter if you have other USB storage, SCSI or SATA devices in your system. The image is writtento the raw drive (sda) not the partition (sda1). Be very careful, as copying the image to a SCSI or SATA harddisk will render it unbootable and destroy some data. The command to use is dd if=all.imgof=/dev/sda, adjusting the device node as appropriate. After writing the image, reboot the system with theUSB storage device attached. To write the image file to a USB storage device in Windows, use WinImage(http://www.winimage.com) . If the installation process does not start, refer to #Mandriva Linux installationdoes not start when system is booted with CD or DVD in the drive above, and set the first boot device to beUSB storage. Please note that many systems are not capable of booting directly from USB storage devices, andthe USB floppy boot device is not the same as the USB storage boot device. If your system is not capable ofbooting from a USB storage device, you must use another installation method.

In all cases, you will now enter the Mandriva Linux installation process and be given a choiceof the installation method to use.

Installation from hard disk

There are two major ways of doing a hard disk installation: you can either install from a local mirror of theMandriva Linux tree (which you have previously created by downloading the entire tree from a public mirrorusing, for e.g., rsync), or you can install directly from the .ISO format images of the Mandriva Linux CDs /DVDs without burning them to disc. This does not work with the One CD. To install from a local mirror, selectthe hard disk installation method. Then select the drive and partition where the local mirror is stored. Finally,enter the path to the correct directory for the version of Mandriva Linux you wish to install. The path to enter isthe path to the correct architecture for the correct edition: for instance, if you wish to install the i586 version ofMandriva Linux 2009, enter the path to /MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586.

To install from .ISO images on a local hard disk, select the hard disk installation method. Then select the driveand partition where the ISO image(s) is / are stored. Then enter either the path to the ISO image (if you havejust one) or the path to the directory where the ISO images are stored (if you have a multi-disc set).

Select theedition

Choose yourmirror

Install continuesas normal

Installation from a local network or the Internet

We do not recommend that you attempt to perform a network installation using a wireless connection. It is veryunlikely to work. Wired connections should always be used for performing network installations. You shouldalso note that, to install from a private server on your local network, the server must have a tree laid out in thesame fashion as the Mandriva public mirrors, containing at least the installer files and the /main section for therelease you wish to install. You cannot perform a network installation from a server which contains a MandrivaLinux disc or ISO image.

When installing from a server on your local network select the appropriate method for the type of server youwish to install from: NFS, HTTP, FTP or KA. When installing from the internet select either FTP or HTTP. Forall methods, you must now enter your network configuration information to bring up your Ethernet interface(for a typical home user, select DHCP and all default settings; other users should know their settings, or consultyour network manager).

For the HTTP and FTP methods, you will now be asked to configure a proxy, ifappropriate. If like most people you are not behind a proxy server simply leave the boxesblank. For the HTTP and FTP methods, you will now be asked to specify a mirror or toselect from a list of available editions of Mandriva. If you are installing from the internetchoose the appropriate edition. If you are installing from a local network or from a publicserver not known by Mandriva, select the "Specify the mirror manually" option. At the nextstep, either pick the public mirror you wish to use, or enter the path to the mirror asappropriate. The path to enter is the path to the correct architecture for the correct edition:for instance, if you wish to install the i586 version of Mandriva Linux 2009, enter the pathto /MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586.

For the NFS method, after configuring networking, you will be asked to enter the hostnameor IP address of the NFS server, and the path containing the Mandriva Linux installationfiles. The path to enter is the path to the correct architecture for the correct edition: forinstance, if you wish to install the i586 version of Mandriva Linux 2009, enter the path to/MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586.

For all network installation methods if the install server has been correctly selected you willsee a progress bar saying 'Loading' followed by the standard Mandriva installation screen.From here the installation proceeds exactly the same as if you were installing from the'Free' DVD. All packages will be downloaded from the internet or the local server.

When installing from the internet any updated packages released by Mandriva after therelease of the distribution will automatically be selected during the network install.

Advanced installation methods

These are less commonly used installation methods which may require more user expertise or which maysometimes have problems. Only use them if you are sure they are the best method for your situation, or none ofthe regular installation methods work.

Hard disk install from a floppy disk boot

There is a way to install from hard disk on a machine with no CD / DVD drive and no USB storage boot option,

by using a boot floppy. You must use a local mirror with this method, not an ISO image. To do this, downloadthe hd_grub.img floppy image file from the /install/images directory on a Mandriva mirror (asdescribed above). To boot from the floppy image, use the dd command (in Linux) to write the image to a floppydisk. You need to know the correct device node for your floppy disk drive: this will usually be /dev/fd0, butif you use a USB floppy drive, it will be /dev/sda or another letter if you have other USB storage, SCSI orSATA devices in your system. Be very careful, as copying the image to a SCSI or SATA hard disk will render itunbootable and destroy some data. The command to use is dd if=hd_grub.img of=/dev/fd0,adjusting the device node as appropriate. After writing the image, you must create an appropriate grub(bootloader) configuration file so the floppy can find the installation files. You can use this script(http://qa.mandriva.com/hd_grub.cgi) to generate the configuration file: select the appropriate drive, partitionand path, and then click Go. The file will be generated. Save it as menu.lst and copy it to the floppy disk youjust created, overwriting the original. Now reboot the system with the floppy disk in the drive. To write theimage file to a floppy disk in Windows, use WinImage (http://www.winimage.com) . If the installation processdoes not start, refer to #Mandriva Linux installation does not start when system is booted with CD or DVD inthe drive above, and set the first boot device to be the floppy disk drive (or USB floppy if you use a USB floppydisk drive).

Booting the installer directly from a hard disk - Linux method

If you already have a Linux distribution installed on your system, it is possible to copy the Mandriva Linuxinstaller to the hard disk and then configure the bootloader - lilo or grub - to give you the choice to boot directlyinto the installer. To do this, you must first get a copy of the installer kernel and initrd images. You can eitherdownload these from a mirror, or copy them from a Mandriva ISO image by loopback mounting it. On theMandriva mirrors, you will find the files in the /isolinux/alt0 subdirectory of the release you wish toinstall - for example, /MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586/isolinux/alt0. The files arenamed all.rdz and vmlinuz. To retrieve the files from a Mandriva ISO image, first mount it:

mkdir /mnt/isomount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop CD1.iso /mnt/iso

Next, locate and copy the files. They will be in either /mnt/iso/i586/isolinux/alt0 or /mnt/iso/x86_64/isolinux/alt0, depending on whether you have an x86-32 or an x86-64 ISO. Again, the filesare named all.rdz and vmlinuz.

Note that if you copy vmlinuz to grub that it will overwrite any vmlinuz that you have for existing linux system.Better to rename it before copying to grub ... if you want to keep existing system(s).

Whichever way you located the files, copy them to /boot on the running Linux distribution. Rename the filevmlinuz to vmlinuz-all. Now, simply configure the bootloader - lilo or grub - to include this as an entryon the boot menu. Some distributions, including Mandriva Linux, include a graphical configuration utility thatwill allow you to do this. Alternatively, you can do it manually. For lilo, add an entry like this to/etc/lilo.conf:

image=/boot/vmlinuz-all label=all-install root=/dev/ram3 initrd=/boot/all.rdz append="ramdisk_size=32000" vga=791 read-only

Then run the command lilo as root.

For grub, add an entry like this to /boot/grub/menu.lst:

title all-installkernel (hd0,0)/boot/vmlinuz-all root=/dev/ram3 ramdisk_size=32000 vga=791initrd (hd0,0)/boot/all.rdz

If the grub entry above doesn't work and you have a separate /boot partition this should work.

title all-installkernel (hd0,0)/vmlinuz-all root=/dev/ram3 ramdisk_size=32000 vga=791initrd (hd0,0)/all.rdz

The next time the system is booted, a new entry labelled all-install will be available from the boot menu. Thiswill boot the Mandriva installer. You can then use any of the installation methods described earlier in thisdocument to complete the installation.

Booting the installer directly from a hard disk - Windows method

If you already have Microsoft Windows™ installed on your system, it is possible to copy the Mandriva Linuxinstaller to the hard disk and then use the Grub for DOS (http://sourceforge.net/projects/grub4dos/) bootloaderto give you the choice to boot directly into the installer. To do this, you must first get a copy of the installerkernel and initrd images. You can download these from a Mandriva mirror. On the Mandriva mirrors, you willfind the files in the /isolinux/alt0 subdirectory of the release you wish to install - for example,/MandrivaLinux/official/2009.0/i586/isolinux/alt0. The files are named all.rdz andvmlinuz. Now create a file named C:\menu.lst with the following contents:

color black/cyan yellow/cyantimeout 30default /default

title Mandriva Installkernel (hd0,0)/boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/ram3 vga=791initrd (hd0,0)/boot/all.rdz

Now download Grub for DOS (https://sourceforge.net/projects/grub4dos) and place the file grldr (from thearchive) in C:\. Edit the file C:\boot.ini - it is marked as a hidden and system file, by default, so you mayhave to edit some Windows settings to see and change it - and add the following line to the end of the file:

c:\grldr="Start GRUB"

Now ensure your Windows system is configured to show the boot menu on startup, and reboot. Choose 'StartGRUB' and then 'Mandriva Install', and the installer will load. You can then use any of the installation methodsdescribed earlier in this document to complete the installation.

Installation via PXE

Installing via PXE is a somewhat complicated process but is useful on machines with no CD or floppy drive, orin situations where you wish to install on many machines simultaneously. For instructions, see this page.

Installation does not work

If you have trouble with the installation process, the very first thing you should do is to check the integrity ofyour installation media. If you are installing from ISO files or from discs created from ISO files, test that theISO files are correct. To do this you can use the md5sum utility in Linux. This analyzes a file and creates achecksum which can be compared against the checksum of the original copy of the file.

To check the .iso file

To check the .iso file, download the original md5sum from the mirror where you downloaded the ISO. Forinstance, if you downloaded mandriva-linux-free-2010-dvd-i586.iso, you will find the filemandriva-linux-free-2010.0-dvd-i586.iso.md5.asc in the same directory on the mirror.Download it and place it in the same directory as the ISO file. Then, from that directory, run this command interminal: md5sum -c mandriva-linux-free-2010-dvd-i586.iso.md5.asc

and it will let you know whether the checksum matches or not. If it does not, you must correct the download.There are several ways of doing this:

You can use BitTorrent to correct the iso, by pointing it at the existing files (torrents are available here(http://torrent.mandriva.com/public/) ). It should check the iso, find out where they are corrupt, anddownload only the missing pieces.

You can also try correcting the download using Parchive2: see ISO Download recovery with Parchive2for instructions.

Otherwise, you can simply delete the files and re-download them.

To check the md5sum in windows

To check the md5sum in windows you can use something like md5summer (http://www.md5summer.org/) ,you'll need the .md5 file which can be found in the same directory containing the .iso on any of the mirrors.

If you are installing from burned CDs or DVDs

If you are installing from burned CDs or DVDs, first check the ISO file you used to burn the discs. If themd5sum string of the .iso doesn't match the original one in the .md5 file then you must re-download the file andburn the discs again.

If the md5sum string of the .iso matches the original one in the .md5 file but you still have installationproblems, the disc(s) may have been incorrectly burned. In this case, try burning the disc(s) again at a slowerspeed. If you still experience problems, try with a different brand of blank discs, or a different drive, or use thehard disk installation method described above to install directly from the ISO files.

If you are confident that your installation media are not corrupt

If you are confident that your installation media are not corrupt, but you still experience problems duringinstallation, then you are most likely either experiencing hardware problems or an installer bug. These cansometimes be resolved by running the installer in a different way. If you are installing from CD / DVD, the very

first installer screen gives you several choices for different installation methods. If you are using one of theother installation methods described above, the first installer screen describes how to choose other installationmethods. If you are experiencing graphical problems, try the vgalo, vgahi, vga16 or text install methods. If youare experiencing other problems, try the Installation--ACPI Disabled install method. Problems not resolved inthis way are outside the scope of this document, but may be handled by the Errata page for the release you aretrying to install.

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