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Internet Use for Social Control and Participation
MSc. Ricardo MatheusPhD. José Carlos Vaz
MSc. Manuella Maia RibeiroPhD. César Alexandre de Souza
What are Latin American Countries Doing?
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
PURPOSE
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Study the relationship between information and communication technologies (ICTs) and
local governance.
Experiences of the use of Internet in Participatory Processes
and
Social Control
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:CITIZEN RIGHTS (VAZ, 2005)
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Citizen Rights on the Web
Right to be Heard by the Government (R2HG)People have the right of having direct channels for be heard.
OmbudsmanOnline Forum and Public Consultation
Right to Social Control of the Government (R2CG)People must have the power of accountability of their representatives.
Specifics Portals of TransparencyOnline Assistance – Chats and VideosAnti-corruption Monitoring SystemsInteractive Solutions (SMS)
Right to Participation in Public Management (R2PM)People have the right of having channels of direct communication and deliberation.
Digital Participatory Budgeting (DPB)Voting via Internet
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
CASES SHARED BY RIGHTS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to be Heard by the Government (R2HG)
1.Ventanilla Virtual, San Pedro, México
2.Chat com funcionários, Nuevo León, México
3.Chatea com tu funcionário, Hidalgo, México
4.Ombudsman of Salvador, Brasil
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
CASES SHARED BY RIGHTS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to Social Control of the Government (R2CG)1.Denúncia Corrupción, Guadalajara, México
2.Denounces Online, Guyaquil, Equador
3.Investigation and Analyzes, Cartago, Costa Rica
4.Denuncia Corrupción, Xalapa, México
5.Baja California Portal of transparency, Baja California, México
6.Caçapava Portal of Transparency, Caçapava, Brasil
7.São Carlos Portal of Transparency, São Carlos, Brasil
8.Mérida Portal of Transparency, Mérida, México
9.Trujillo Portal of Transparency, Trujillo, Perú
10.City Hall Online, Peñalolén, Chile
11.Rio de Janeiro Portal of Transparency, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil
12.Elementary School Accountability, Paraná, Brasil
13.Accountability of Participatory Budget, Porto Alegre, Brasil
14.Informaciones via SMS, Morón, Argentina
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
CASES SHARED BY RIGHTS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to Participation in Public Management (R2PM)
1.Ipatinga Portal of Monitorig System of Participatory Budget, Ipatinga, Brasil
2.Porto Alegre Portal of Monitoring System of Participatory Budget, Recife, Brasil
3.Bellavista Digital Participatory Budget, Bellavista, Argentina
4.Belo Horizonte Digital Participatory Budget, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
5.Citizen Consulting, Coyhaique, Chile
6.Neighbornhood Participation, Miraflores, Peru
7.Citizen Forum, Cali, Colômbia
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:CITIZEN RIGHTS (VAZ, 2005)
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
METHODOLOGY
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
•Structured search of sites in local in Latin American
•Literature search on key concepts and discussion of the relationship between local governance and social control / citizen participation
•Share experiences found in features;Anti-Corruption Monitoring Systems;
Accountability and Specific Sites;
Digital Participatory Budgeting;
Interactive Solutions;
Ombudsman from Public Administration;
Online Assistance (Chats & Videos);
Online forum and public consultation;
Votaing via Internet
Transparency Portals;
•Impacts of ICT usage in local social control/participatory processes.
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
DATA ANALYSES
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Anti-Corruption Monitoring SystemsDenúncia Corrupción, Guadalajara, México
Denounces Online, Guyaquil, Equador
Investigation and Analyzes, Cartago, Costa Rica
Denuncia Corrupción, Xalapa, México
Accountability and Specific Sites;City Hall Online, Peñalolén, Chile
Rio de Janeiro Portal of Transparency, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil
Elementary School Accountability, Paraná, Brasil
Accountability of Participatory Budget, Porto Alegre, Brasil
Informaciones via SMS, Morón, Argentina
Transparency Portals;Baja California Portal of transparency, Baja California, MéxicoCaçapava Portal of Transparency, Caçapava, BrasilSão Carlos Portal of Transparency, São Carlos, BrasilMérida Portal of Transparency, Mérida, MéxicoTrujillo Portal of Transparency, Trujillo, Perú
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
DATA ANALYSES
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Digital Participatory Budgeting;Ipatinga Portal of Monitorig System of Participatory Budget, Ipatinga, BrasilPorto Alegre Portal of Monitoring System of Participatory Budget, Recife, BrasilBellavista Digital Participatory Budget, Bellavista, ArgentinaBelo Horizonte Digital Participatory Budget, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
Voting via InternetCitizen Consulting, Coyhaique, ChileNeighbornhood Participation, Miraflores, PeruCitizen Forum, Cali, Colômbia
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
DATA ANALYSES
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Interactive Solutions; Ventanilla Virtual, San Pedro, México Chat com funcionários, Nuevo León, México Chatea com tu funcionário, Hidalgo, México Informaciones via SMS, Morón, Argentina
Ombudsman from Public Administration Ombudsman of Salvador, Brasil
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
FinalConsiderations
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
LIMITS AND CHALLENGES
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Several technological resources could be used more intensively
Interactions through:Use of cell phones SMSUse of TelephoneLocation based services (LBS)
Social networking - how governments can use them?E-Democracia (Brazil)
Web 2.0 has not led to participation and social control in Latin American sub-national governments ...
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to Social Control of GovernmentAbundance of initiatives
Emerged as a prominent object of cases studied (context of 20 years fighting corruption and dictatorships)
Pressure for deeper institutional changes (Mexico)Movement is not on the international agenda!
Diversity of applications because:Specifics law in Local/National GovernmentsRelative complexity of the features offered
They are still exceptions than rule! Information don´t have deep characteristics
Right is more a result of external forces more than a real government interest!
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to be Heard by the GovernmentLimited use of interactivity resources, going little beyond common applications of communication by e-mail.
Difficulty in monitor government actions in response to:Suggestion,Complaint , orClaim
Few resources for tracking of claims or transparency of the workflow internal to the government! Minimal transparency of internal processes
Those experiences appear a “Good Will” of this or that politician…
Currently Low degree of institutionalization means the past of pattern authoritarian governments in Latin America.
Openness such as a “gift” from the government, not as a right of citizens!
What is the effective level of these instruments of communication between governments and citizens
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Right to Participation in Public ManagementUncommon experiences of use of ICT for participatory processes
The experiments studied are the possibility of technology usage. However, cannot be considered a sample of current practices and not surveyed.
Internet resources can help expand participatory decision-making processes! Digital Participatory Budgeting
Attraction of new audiences (young, middle class)Simulate new forms of mobilization
Scope of those experiences are still very limited Insignificant amount of resources (1% of the total) Decision Making in specific times (why not all processes?)
Experiences are more like rulers than a construction of rights strongly grounded in society.
CITY, COUNTRY, XX-XX MONTH YEARTITE
LIMITS AND CHALLENGES
Case Studies of Digital Participatory Budgeting in Latin America: Models for Citizen Engagement
Beijing, China, 10-2010
Participative practices and social control over the Internet change the power relations?
Certainly not, if the participation and transparency are pro forma...
Who wins and who loses? Bureaucracy PoliticalMilitants of participation (counselors of traditional Participatory Budgeting)
The problem is not technological, is a political problem!
Thank you!谢谢
ICEGOV2010 Conference Committee
Ricardo MatheusUniversity of São Paulo (USP) - Brazil