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IPv6: Global Deploymentor Digital Divide?
AISS2014
Mumbai
11 Nov 2014
2
Two Mobile Revolutions…
• 1990s: mobile voice explosion– Few wires available (copper)– New wireless technology (analogue mobile)– New consumer technology (cellphones)– Pent up demand (global telephony)
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Two Mobile Revolutions…
• 2010s: mobile broadband explosion– Few wires available (copper/fibre)– New wireless technology (3G/4G)– New consumer technology (smart phones)– Pent up demand (global Internet)
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“Real” Mobile Broadband…
• 2000s: GPRS/3G– Limited devices: WAP, basic services– 100-1000kbps or so– IP over digital voice network (IPv4)– Single user
• 2010s: 4G/LTE– General purpose devices: full Internet access– 10-100Mbps– IP-based infrastructure (IPv4 and IPv6)– Multiple user (hotspots, Mifi, etc)– The new last mile
• Watch out for: Carrier wifi, “Wifi First”
Not “If” but “How” we will connect…
• The last mile…– Not wired – but wireless
• Wireless…– Not 3G – but 4G and carrier wifi (same device!)– And everything over IP (LTE/802.11x)
• But: Which IP?– IPv4 or IPv6?
100 million IPv4 addresses left…
http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/
Private addresses and NAT
Internet
10.0.0.202
202.12.29.32
NAT
Extn 202
Phone Network
02 6262 9898
PABX
Private addresses and NAT
Internet
10.0.0.202
202.12.29.32
NAT
?Extn 202
Phone Network
02 6262 9898
PABX
10.0.0.202
Carrier Grade NAT (CGN)
ISP
CGN
10.0.0.202
Carrier Grade NAT (CGN)
ISP
CGN
10.255.255.255 10.0.0.1
?
10.0.0.202
Carrier Grade NAT (CGN)
ISP
CGN
10.255.255.255 10.0.0.1
???
12
CGN Challenges
Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. 2012
13
CGN Challenges
1TB per 1K subs per month!
Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. 2012
Double NAT everywhere?
Internet
CGN
!!!
NAT
“Things”
It has to be IPv6!
Internet
“Things”
