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The Paper presented by Sri P RavikumarJoint Director (CIG) & Project Leader (ITS)CDAC Trivandrum 695033 +91-9847441578 / 9633305136
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V.Muralidharan
Associate Director, Head Control and Instrumentation Group
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
Thiruvananthapuram
(Society under Department of Information Technology,
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology)
Showcasing indigenous ITS solutions
and next generation Traffic Control Systems
• Introduction
• ITS products developed
• ATCS implementation in Pune
• Wireless Traffic Control System (WTCS)
• Intelligent Parking Lot Management System
(IPLMS)
• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)
C-DAC, Pune
C-DAC, Bangalore
C-DAC, Delhi
C-DAC, Hyderabad
C-DAC, Mumbai
C-DAC, Chennai
C-DAC, Kolkata
C-DAC, Mohali
C-DAC, Noida
C-DAC, Trivandrum
National Coverage
3000 employees
HQ
• Variable Messaging System (VMS)
• Vehicle Tracking System (VTS)
• Distress Call Response Management System (DCRMS)
• Vehicle Actuated Traffic Signal Controllers (UTCS)
• Area Traffic Control System (ATCS)
• Wireless Traffic Control System (WTCS)
• Intelligent Parking Lot Management System (IPLMS)
• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)
• Smart Tracking and Distress Alert System for
Automobiles
ITS products
Distress Call Response
Management System
Vehicle Tracking System
Variable Messaging System
• Implementation of Area Traffic Control Systems
(ATCS) for heterogeneous and undisciplined traffic
• Benefits of Wireless Traffic Control Systems
(WTCS)
• Advantages of multilevel Intelligent Parking Lot
Management Systems (IPLMS)
• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)
challenges
Area Traffic Control System
• Area traffic control systems are traffic responsive systems
that use data from vehicle detectors and optimize traffic
signal settings to reduce vehicle delays and stops
• The system operates in a closed loop, evaluating the
real time demand and properly updating network signal
timings
Benefits of ATCS
• Real-time control over traffic fluctuations
• Better management of signal timings
• Reduced stops and delay
• Savings in fuel and reduced pollution
• Data collection for planning and MIS
• Higher availability
• Reduced accident rate
Popular operational models – SCOOT – Split Cycle and Offset Optimization Technique
– SCATS – Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System
– OPAC – Optimization Policies for Adaptive Control
– RHODES – Real-Time Hierarchical Optimized Distributed and Effective System
Other systems – ACS-Lite (Adaptive Control Software Lite)
– SPOT / UTOPIA (Urban Traffic Optimization by Integrated Automation)
– MOTION (Method for the Optimization of Traffic Signals in On-line controlled Networks)
– ITACA (Intelligent Adaptive Control Area)
– RTACL (Real-time Traffic Adaptive Control Logic)
– CoSiCoSt (Composite Signal Control Strategy)
Challenges are different
Operational Models
(SCOOT , ITACA, ..)
Traffic characteristics in
Developing Countries
Problem
Assume limited
heterogeneity and lane
following
High heterogeneity and
limited lane discipline
Results in wrong vehicle
counts and volume
estimation
Assume no lane change
within the detection zone
Lane change happens
within and after detection
zone
Detectors fail to report
turning proportions
Use Upstream detection
Vehicle Actuation needs
stop-line detection
Cannot be on VA Platform
CoSiCoSt has special filters for addressing High Heterogeneity and poor lane
discipline. It is built on VA Platform offering high scalability
Challenges in implementing ATCS on
Indian roads
• Traffic is not lane following
• A vehicle entering the approach on a lane need not maintain the same at the intersection
• High mix of traffic
• Uncontrolled side roads and on-street parking
• Obtaining a correct measure of traffic count is highly complex
• Data loss due to power failure
• Network failure
Traffic in developed countries Traffic in developing countries
Heterogeneous Traffic and Limited lane discipline
Cannot apply classical method of signal time computation
because of the complexities in deriving PCUs in real-time
Requires special filters to address the situation
ATCS Software
• Composite Signal Control Strategy
(CoSiCoSt)
– Developed by CDAC, DIT, Govt. of India
– Address High Heterogeneity and Poor
Lane discipline
– Operates on VA Platform
– Use Stop-line detection
– Subtract Method for Online Signal
Synchronization
– Strategies to guard against network
failure, power failure etc.
– Indian Patent #239258
Major building blocks of ATCS
Traffic Signal Controller
Vehicle Detectors
Application Software
Central Control Station
Communication Network
Vehicle
Detection
camera
Inductive Loop based vehicle detection
Physical
Loop
Camera based vehicle detection
Virtual
Loop
ArTIC #1 ArTIC #2 ArTIC #3 ArTIC #38
Camera Camera
CCR
Detector Detector Detector Detector
GSM
NETWORK
SCMS
Variable Message Sign
Leased line Network
(Data, Control & Video)
38 junctions in Pune city. Indigenously CoSiCoSt Technology for mixed Indian traffic condition.
Area Traffic Control System for Pune City
CDAC ATCS
Composite Signal Control Strategy
Online Split Optimizer
Route selection &
Offset
Optimizer
Area
Optimizer
Translation Plan
Current CoSiCoSt Timings
Performance Index (PI) /
Offset
Stage Timing,
Saturation, Speed info
Split Time
Modifier
Weights & Bias
Preferences
Observations
Detector
Average Detector
Occupancy
New Timings &
Preferences
Traffic Junction
Central Control
FIGURE 15 Proposed Distributed System
22
Figure 16 Proposed System Architecture FIGURE 16 Proposed ATC System Architecture CoSiCoSt Architecture
22
CoSiCoSt Implementations in India
• Pune, Maharashtra 68 Junctions
• Jaipur, Rajasthan 14 Junctions
• Ahmedabad, Gujarat 93 Junctions
• Kolkata, West Bengal 95 Junctions
• Reduction in average delay in the range of 11% to 30%
• Average travel speed increase in the range of 2% to 12%
• Estimated annual fuel savings in the year 2006 is about Rs. 4.77 Crores
• Estimated annual time saving benefits in the year 2006 about Rs. 0.83 Crores
• Total annual saving in the year 2006 is about Rs. 5.60 Crores
Over all Increase in the Traffic Volume is 9.06%
Pune Pilot implementation (38 Junctions in 6 major corridors)
Result of Impact Analysis conducted by M/s CES India P Ltd, Mumbai, INDIA
Pune Central Control Room
PUNE CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM
Kolkata Traffic Command Centre
Ahmedabad ATCS CCR
Jaipur Central Control Room
Jaipur ATCS CCR
Objectives
• Wireless technology for traffic signal control
– No digging of roads
– Easy installation
– Minimum disturbance to road users
• Power Saving
– Solar power
– Power efficient LED signal aspects
– Brightness control for signal lamps
• Miniaturization
– Pole mounting
– Distributed control architecture
Wireless Traffic Control System
WTCS Master Controller at CDAC-Keltron Junction
Trivandrum
In operation from October 2011
Hume Pipe
Armoured Cable
Controller
Conventional Controller installation
WiTrac installation
WiTrac Master
WiTrac Slave
• Use single Master Controller and Multiple Slave Controllers
• Typically every island has a slave controller
• Every island has Solar Panel
Master
Slave #1 Slave #2
Slave #3
Solar Panel
2.4GHz / 868MHz
RF Tranciever
Salient Features
• Vehicle Actuated
– Inductive loop detector and above ground detector
compatible
• ATCS Compatible
– Compatible to CDAC Composite Signal Control
Strategy, CoSiCoSt
• Developed and tuned to Indian traffic condition of
high heterogeneity and poor lane discipline
• Indian Patent 239258
• GPS Enabled
Modes of Operation
• Pre-timed
• Full Vehicle Actuated – With or without stage skipping
• Semi-Actuated – With or without stage skippling
• ATCS
• Combination of the above modes in any order
• Hurry Call
• Manual
• Forced Flash
Other Features
• Cable-less Synchronization
– Pre-timed
– Vehicle Actuated
• Remote Administration
– Hurry Call
– Forced Flash
– Junction Off
– Plan Download
• Wireless Police Panel
Power Saving
• 12V DC Operation
• PWM Based Intensity Control
– More than 50% Power saving during night
• Selective Switching of Flashing lamps
– Primary
– Secondary
– Tertiary
– Combination of the above
Safety Features
• Self diagnosis on Power up and runtime
• Green-Green Conflict Monitoring
• Lamp failure / Short circuit Monitoring
• Battery Voltage Monitoring (Solar Power)
• Fallback on secondary frequency in case of wireless signal jam
• Automatic selection of Flashing program on error conditions
• Error logs sent to traffic monitoring centre, if networked
Cost Saving Factors
35% to 40% Cost saving at a typical 4-arm junction
• Road cutting and refilling
• Micro-tunneling where road cutting not possible
• Savings on armored cable and laying
• Plinth for traffic signal controller
• Optimum solar panel and battery
• Disturbance cost
• Maintenance cost due to cable damage / battery etc.
– Delay, Disturbance & Cost
Intelligent Parking Lot Management
Objectives
• Identify parking availability in parking areas
• Indicate in local display
• Indicate in remote location through VMS
• Parking guidance systems at each level
• Vacant parking of each bay by green light
• Toll collection based on usage of time
• Information on the internet
• Reserve using SMS / internet
Challenges
• Limited parking space
• Increased vehicle population
• Lack of information
Public unawareness
Utilization of existing parking space
Parking space availability
Operating hours and tariff
• Parking space availability not guaranteed
• Lack of proper signage & information display
At entry & way to parking area
IPLMS - Main Features
Pre-Trip parking information Location & maps of all parking lots
Identify the best and nearest parking
Parking lot Capacity
Hours of operation
Tariff structure for different time of day
Advance booking facility
01-03-2012
Driver Information System
Display boards
At important locations in city
Outside the parking lot
Entry gate
Way to parking area
Entry of a each level
Driver guidance & Parking navigation systems
Sign boards
LED Indications
Features (contd…)
Online Operator information
Vehicle occupancy status in each bay
Total count of vehicles inside the parking complex
Total vehicle count parked
Level-wise vehicle count
Real time commuter information
Parking Lot capacity vs occupancy
Advance booking
Features (contd…)
Occupancy reports
Real time
Hourly / daily
vehicle based
Theft / noted vehicles
Revenue generation
Daily/monthly
Different time of day
MIS Reports and Analysis
Impact Analysis reports
Parking Load
Parking efficiency
Average occupancy
Statistics of peak / low parking
Revenue
Building Blocks
• Entry Gate system
• Parking Area system
• Exit Gate system
• Driver information systems
• Parking Navigation and Driver Guidance system
• Communication infrastructure
• Control room with APP & DB servers
• Application Software
Entry Gate Controller
Vehicle license plate image
Driver’s photo
Boom Barrier
Barcode
Printer
Vehicle detector
Display boards
System Architecture
Exit Gate Controller
Barcode scanner
Vehicle license plate focused
Receipt printer
Boom Barrier
Vehicle detector
IPLMS Server with
IPLMS & VMS
APPLICATIONS
Internet
At important
locations in
the city
VMS 1
VMS 2
VMS n
LEVEL1
LEVEL2
LEVEL n
GPRS Network
BAY INDICATOR LAMP
Bay Sensor
HARIBHAU CAR PARKING
Location :Narayan Pett
Capacity :192 Cars
Levels :6 (including roof top)
Red Light Violation Detection System
Objectives
Detect and store red light jumping vehicle
Snap shot and video Record video of the vehicle
Stored at remote station for enforcement measures
Automatic number plate recognition
Extract the character
Interface with RTO database
Reduction in accidents by enforcement
Factors contributing to crashes caused
by Red Light jumping
• Driver behavior
• Intersection design and operation – Grade
– Poor Visibility
– Roadside Obstructions
– Line of Sight
– Traffic Volumes
– Signal Timing (Fixed time traffic controller)
• Vehicle characteristics
• Weather
Counter measures
• Engineering improvements
• Enhanced driver and public education
• Vehicle actuated traffic signal controllers
• Increased enforcement
– Traditional Enforcement
• Evidence by witness of the Officer
• Driver of the offending vehicle is booked
– Red Light Camera Systems
• Documental evidence
• Registered owner of the offending vehicle is booked
Educating Drivers !!
RLVDS Configuration
Sensor Loops
RLVD
Controller
Still
Camera
Video
Camera Illuminator
To Remote Computer for
processing
Vehicle
Detection
Camera
RLVD Server with ALPR and
Ticketing software
Typical Evidence Expected
Challenges
Night time identification
During rainy conditions
Different type of fonts
Different sizes
Regional language number plates
Untidy number plates
Poor lighting, heterogeneous traffic,
multiple violations, poor lane discipline
Exotic Number Plates
Solution
HSRP (High Security Registration Plate)
Chromium based hologram with chakra image left side top
Self Destructive sticker with engine no, chassis no and hologram
Unique serial no. etched with laser
Inscribe IND in blue colour extreme left centre
Non Removable / Non Reusable Snap Lock
On going collaborative projects
With IIT Bombay
• Counting and classification
• Second generation CoSiCoSt
• Intelligent transit trip planner and real time
route information
With IIT Madras
• Advanced Traveler Information
Control and
Instrumentation Group 61
Visit www.intranse.in
for further details
Thank You