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mRNA DNA tRNA Misc.ProteinSynthesis

What is mRNA used for?

The copying of the instructions in the DNA

What does mRNA stand for?

messenger RNA

Where is mRNA before the process of protein synthesis

In the cytoplasm

Where does the mRNA go after the copying of the DNA

Ribosome

What is the process of copying the DNA in the nucleus called

Transcription

What does DNA do

Gives instructions to the cell

What was the name of the project that discovered the number and sequence of the chromosomes

Human Genome project

Who discovered DNA and what did he use

Dr. Mendel & pea plants

What does DNA Stand for

Deoxyribonucleic acid

What does tRNA do

Brings amino acids to the ribosome

What does tRNA stand for

transfer RNA

What role does tRNA play in protein synthesis

Transports the amino acids to the ribosome

What is the process of reading the tRNA called

Translation

How many types of amino acids can one piece of tRNA bond to

One amino acid

Who was tRNA hypothesized by

Francis Crick

How many homologous chromosomes are there? male-

female

22 male23female

What is the definition of Genetics

The study of heredity

How many genes are there in the human body

31,000

Why can the DNA not leave the nucleus

It is too large

What two organelles have their own sets of DNA and reproduce

independently from the cell & what are the names of the DNA

Mitochondria: mitochondrialRibosome: ribosomal

What is the name of the process for making protein

Protein synthesis

What makes up a protein

Amino acid

Your body cannot make 6 amino acids where can you get them

From the food you consume

What type of organism must be able to make all of the amino acids

Plants must be able to make all the amino acids. Humans, on the other hand, do not have all the enzymes

required for the biosynthesis of all of the amino acids.

What amino acids can our bodies not make

arginine (required for the young, but not for adults), histidine, isoleucine,

leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine