Upload
mossler
View
3.976
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Chapter 11Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
© 2006 Pearson Education/Prentice-Hall Publishing
11-2
Emerging Adulthood Emerging adulthood -- transition from
adolescence to adulthood Five key features characterize emerging
adulthood: Identity exploration, especially in love and
work Instability Self-focused Feeling in-between The age of possibilities when individuals have
an opportunity to transform their lives (Jeffrey Arnett, 2006)
11-3
Becoming an Adult? Holding permanent, ft job Taking personal responsibility Playing house
Three variables related to success:Intellectual fitness -- academic success, good
decision-makingPsychological -- self-motivation, confidence,
identity, valuesSocial -- community involvement, peer relations
11-4
A. Physical Development and the Senses
Maturation mostly complete. Senescence [next]
11-5
11-6
Physical Performance and Development
Most reach peak physical performance before 30
Begin to decline in physical performance around age 30 Sagging chin, protruding abdomens Sensory systems show little change
11-7
Motor Functioning, Fitness, and Health
ExerciseIncreases cardiovascular fitness.Muscles become stronger, body
more flexible, endurance increases.Reduces osteoporosis in later lifeRange of motion is greater,
ligaments more elastic.Immune system functioning
maximized.
11-8
Health
Few chronic health problems, but still significant deaths by:Accidents, suicide, homicide [p.311]
Lifestyle choices (drugs, alcohol, smoking, unprotected sex) can hasten secondary aging, but few think about it.
5 years after stopping smoking, health risk is significantly lower
11-9
Health: Violence
Major cause of death for men in early adulthood Homicide is #1 cause of death for young blacks;
2nd leading cause of death for Hispanics; 5th for white.
11-10
B. Obesity - A “weighty” concern
11-11
B. Obesity - A “weighty” concern
Obesity -- BMI > 29 Linked to increased risk of hypertension,
diabetes, and cardiovascular disease Set point, metabolism, need to reduce
calorie intake
Most young adults know which foods are healthy, but ignore good nutrition.
11-12
C. Physical Disabilities in Young Adulthood: Coping With Physical
Challenge Number of disabled Americans ~ 54 million. (2006)
Includes: blind, deaf, wheelchairs also those with chronic diseases or mental disabilities.
• 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates full access to public facilities and accommodations in education and employment.• Some nondisabled focus so much on disability that they overlook a person’s abilities.
11-13
D. Date Rape Date or acquaintance rape
Text: 2/3 college freshman women report having been date-raped or experienced attempted date rape.
RM: Way exaggerated!
11-14
E. Stress and CopingDefine stress Stress is a biological reaction
to external events, in which hormones are released that cause a rise in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
11-15
II. Cognitive Development
A. Evidence suggests that Piaget was WRONG that adolescents and adults think qualitatively in the same way (and many adults don’t think in formal operations).
B. Gisela Labouvie-Vief
postformal thought
11-16
C. William Perry
Dualism Multiplism Relativism Commitment
11-17
11-18
E. Sternberg and Intelligence(thinking?)
Robert Sternberg’s TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE:Componential – analyzing data to solve problems;
“intelligence” tests.Experiential – using prior experience to cope with new
situations.Contextual – meeting the demands of the everyday
world.
11-19
Stimulating Creativityp. 323
Steps toward a more creative lifeSet a schedule!Keep a journalFollow ideas that spark an interest Wake up in the morning with a specific goalSpend time in settings that stimulate your
creativity
11-20
III. College: Pursuing Higher Education
11-21
Education & Poverty
11-22
The Changing College Student
11-23
The Changing College StudentProportion of 18-to-24-Year-Old Men andWomen
Enrolled in College, 1967-2005
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
11-24
The Changing College Student
1/3 of college students today are 25 years of age or older.
Average age at CC is 31. “A college degree is becoming
increasingly important in obtaining a job.”
RM: Essential to a good job [next]
11-25
11-26
College Adjustment
Surveys: almost half have a least one significant psychological issue. [next]
Relationship changes
When should college students consider getting professional help with their
problems? Distress that interferes
with ability to function. Hopelessness or
depressed feelings. Inability (or reduced ability)
to build close relationships with others.
Physical symptoms that have no apparent underlying cause.
Sleep, eating, activity
During the 1st year of college
What is at the root of this difference?
11-29
Work and College
11-30
Dropping Out of College
Half of all students drop out of college. Why?