Linked data and Muruca @ COST a32 - Munich

Linked Open Data ... and why you should care.Christian Morbidoni <[email protected]>

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.5 Italy

SeMediaUniversità Politecnica delle Marche

Sunday, November 21, 2010

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

The Semantic Web is...

- A W3C initiative. The goal is to evolve the “classic” Web.

- A big community of researchers and developers

- A set of languages for data and knowledge representation

- Formal models

- A growing set of software tools supporting a “smarter” Web


WWW: basic components

- HTTP to trasfer data

- GET /index.html

- URLs to identify resources

- http://www.google.com/search?source=ig&hl=en&rlz=&=&q=semantic+web

- HTML to represent resources

- <html><head><title>…

- GCI, scripting, etc. to develop applications


http://www.google.com/search?source=ig&hl=en&rlz=&=&q=semantic+web

http://www.google.com/search?source=ig&hl=en&rlz=&=&q=semantic+web

The “dumb” Web

- The Web is great as it contains a lot of information, and sometimes it is easy to find what you look for

- But sometimes it behaves not so smartly

- We find out that Information that should be naturally correlated... in the and are not


The conference example







“Which one is hosting the ESWC?!??!”

“Why the aldemar web site does not even know that the ESWC exists?!?!”


Dumb web in action...

Finally after a lot of clicks I found a couple of hotels for my budget


Dumb web in azione ...... but what is the closest to the conference

venue?



venue?



venue?


Dumb web in azione ...

• After a lot of copy/paste into goole maps i find out

• .. but what a pain. After all it is a “mechanical” work and ...

• ... probably other people need to to the very same thing ...

•Why should I do it? Why not a machine?!?!?


A bit of smartness finally ...


A bit of smartness finally ...

Greek hotel owner

There are many systems like this. Why should I put the same info again and againg. And modify them all

once I need to change them.


So?

- We do not need more intelligent applications ...

- We just need to let them find the right data at the right time!


Dumb Web revisited...

- We want addresses to be immediately recognized as such by a machine ...

- ... than we want them to be sent automatically to gmaps (with one click)

- ... but we also what this to happen without a priori agreement


semantics is hidden, only humans (and not all of them) can extract it from documents


machines are helpless


unless...


we explicitly say to machines what we are talking about

... and we keep it simple...

... and we use simple, structured language that they can understand.


This is what the Semantic Web is all about.

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is the basic instrument



Information can be useless without a priori knowledge

Machines needs at least some vocabulary and basic rules of the game

That is where ontologies come in


Ontologies: vocabularies for your domain

Source

Artistic Medium

FrescoMosaic

Manuscript Book

sub class of

sub class of

sub class of

sub class ofsub class of

Person

Artist

Caliph

sub class of

sub class of



Source

Artistic Medium

FrescoMosaic

Manuscript Book

sub class of

sub class of

sub class of


Person

Artist

Caliph

sub class of

sub class of

Divine Comedy

type

Dante Alighieri

type

San PetronioFresco

type Prophet Muhammad

type



Source

Artistic Medium

FrescoMosaic

Manuscript Book

sub class of

sub class of

sub class of


Person

Artist

Caliph

sub class of

sub class of

Divine Comedy

type

Dante Alighieri

type

San PetronioFresco

type Prophet Muhammad

type

has author

depicts


Linking ?

The Web is great because it is so simple to jump from a web page to the others

With the Semantic Web it should be easy to jump from a database to an other:

Image separated clouds of data that are ready to interoperate with each other ...

as if it was a unique world wide database


Web of Documents vs. Web of Data

Presentation Layer

Data representation layer

Hyperlinks

?

RDF Data RDF Data RDF Data RDF Data

???

semantically defined relations ???

Web Infrastructure


RDF and Web pages


RDF and Web pages

RDF Data

http://example.com/home.htm http://example.com/home.rdf

Web Browser / Application


RDF and Web pages

RDF Data



RDF Data


HTTP:GET http://example.com/home/CONTENT-TYPE application/rdf+xml

HTTP:GET http://example.com/home/

CONTENT-TYPE text/html


RDF and Web pages

RDF Data



<html> ...... <rdf> ........ </rdf> ....... </html>

RDF Data

RDF Data


HTTP:GET http://example.com/home/CONTENT-TYPE application/rdf+xml

HTTP:GET http://example.com/home/

CONTENT-TYPE text/html



DONATELLO FLORENCEis from

BRUNELLESCHI

worked with

made

DAVID

FROM wikipedia


DONATELLO FLORENCEis from

BRUNELLESCHI

worked with

made

is a

Marble StatueMuseo Nazionale del Bargello

is exposed in

DAVID

FROM wikipedia

FROM the museum web site


The vision: a collaborative knowledge graph

Note Note

Note Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874

is part ofis part of

mentions

mentions

is related to



Note Note

Note

Note

Note

Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874


mentions

mentions

is related to



Note Note

Note

Note

Note

Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874


mentions

mentions

is related to

A Book

comments on

An artist

reproduced



Note Note

Note

Note

Note Note

Note

Note

Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874


mentions

mentions

is related to

A Book

comments on

An artist

reproduced



Note Note

Note

Note

Note Note

Note

Note

Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874


mentions

mentions

is related to

A Book

comments on

An artist

reproduced

An other Bookis a revision of

is located inA scholar

wrote



Note Note

Note

Note

Note Note

Note

Note

Buraq

Prophet Muhammad

Mecca

Buraq.jpg/2134

Buraq.txt/87874


mentions

mentions

is related to

A Book

comments on

An artist

reproduced

An other Bookis a revision of

is located inA scholar

wrote

Editorial Policy (peer review?)

Publish on the WebSunday, November 21, 2010

An important consideration

The Semantic Web is not a magic thing

It doesn’t necessarily mean artificial intelligence

It aims at better structuring knowledge so that:

Independently produced knowledge can be more easily merged

Applications can be smarter in collecting, managing and presenting knowledge


Feb 2008


Giu 2009


http://muruca.org

- open source tools for accessing the linked data now- specifically targeted to small-medium communities


http://muruca.org

http://muruca.org

Thank you!


Muruca

Semantic WebOpen Source Open Access


Technology

Linked data and Muruca @ COST a32 - Munich