M2M COMMUNICATIONS IN 3GPP LTE/LTE-A NETWORKS

A brief review

TABLE OF CONTENS

MAJOR APPLICATIONS FEATURES OF M2M COMMUNICATION BASIC ARCHITECTURE PROTOCOL STACK STANDARDIATION EFFORTS MAJOR ISSUES & CHALLENGES APPROACHES TO OVERCOME CHALLENGES PROBLEMS TO BE ADDRESSED IN FUTURE

MAJOR APPLICATIONS E-Health service applications

Smart Environment development tools.

Intelligent Transportation: system development.

Security and public safety application support.

Robotic applications enabled devices.

Environment resource monitoring techniques.

FEATURES OF M2M COMMUNICATION

Useful for Limited mobility and specific time intervals of applications.

Suitable for mobile originating but discontinuous & limited packet only data.

Secured, delay tolerant but low latency architecture.

Capable of supporting emergency message handling techniques( PAM).

Facilitated to support location specific M2M service requirement.

Ideal for service or group application based QOS implementation.

BASIC ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECURE CONTD. E-UTRAN: Enb ( Macro, Femto & RN)

EPC: MME, SGW & PGW

AS: M2M application servers

SCS: Service capability servers

HLR / HSS and AAA nodes.

Additional support nodes

PROTOCOL STACK

PROTOCOL STACK CONTINUED

NAS [Non Access Stratum] used for direct communication between MME and ENB.

RRC [Radio Research Control] for controlling signaling between ENB and UE.

PDCP [Packet Data Convergence Protocol] used for header optimization and handover between ENBs.

RLC [Radio Link Control] used for PDU controlling and ARQ management.

MAC [Media Access Control] used for multiplexing, HARQ and reliability.

PHY [Physical Layer] used to perform all physical layer operation.

STANDARDIZATION EFFORTS

M2M Standardization bodies

3GPP OneM2M ETSI

MAJOR ISSUES & CHALLANGES

Differences with H2H: greater bandwidth requirement in uplink.

Development of a reliable M2M architecture to support mobility.

Requirement of efficient collision avoidance & fully synchronized system.

Optimization of energy resources using eco-friendly energy sources.

Self organizing networks with fast catastrophe control mechanism.

Smart machine learning algorithms to analyze huge sensor data in real time.

GLOBAL GROWTH IN M2M DEVICES

APPROACHES TO OVERCOME CHALLANGES

Heterogeneous Radio network deployment

Classification strategies’ of M2M devices

Direct D2D communication technique development

Cognitive radio scheme for channel allocation

PRACH congestion avoidance schemes

SON (Self organizing network)

PROBLEMS TO BE ADDRESSED IN FUTURE

Traffic pattern analysis based on bandwidth consumption.

Routing protocols to heed the the QoS requirements.

Effective radio resource management by detecting white spectrum spaces.

Multi hop connections between eNBs unlike single hop H2H communication.

Security to maintain data integrity by protecting from potential hackers.

Spectrum management in heterogeneous systems.

Credit: “M2M Communications in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A Networks: Architectures, Service Requirements, Challenges, and Applications” by Fayezeh Ghavimi, Graduate Student Member, IEEE, and Hsiao-Hwa Chen, IEEE.