Upload
jfazaker
View
237
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Major Parts of a Plant– Leaves
Where photosynthesis occurs
– Seeds Method of sexual
reproduction
– Flower Site where reproduction
occurs
– Stem Transports nutrients and
supports the plant
– Root take in nutrients and
anchor plant
Types of Seeds
Monocots– A seed with only one cotyledon– All grasses are monocots– Flower parts in threes – Leaves with parallel primary veins Dicots– A seed with two cotyledons– Flower parts in fours or fives – Leaves with distinct vein network – All broadleaf plants are dicots
Male Parts of the Flower
Stamen- Makes up all male parts
Pollen- Male sex cell, similar to sperm
Anther- Sac-like structure on top of the filament
Filament- Short stalk that holds the anther
Female Parts of the Flower
Pistil- Makes up all female parts
Ovules- Female sex cell, similar to the egg
Stigma- Sticky part of the system, catches pollen
Style-Tube that leads from the stigma to the ovary
Ovary- Place where ovule is fertilized by the pollen, Turns into a fruit or seed coat
VASCULAR TISSUE 2 MAJOR TYPES:
– XYLEM TISSUE– PHLOEM TISSUE– Found together in VASCULAR BUNDLES– Arise primarily from apical meristem– Arise secondarily from vascular cambium
XYLEM TISSUE CONDUCTS WATER PROVIDES MECHANICAL SUPPORT 2 TYPES OF XYLEM CELLS:
– TRACHEIDS:– VESSEL ELEMENTS:
PHLOEM TISSUE CONDUCTS SUGARS COMPOSED OF TWO CELL TYPES:
– SIEVE-TUBE MEMBERS– COMPANION CELLS
Sieve tube members Form sieve tubes to conduct sugars
throughout plant Lack nuclei, ribosomes, vacuoles, etc.
Vascular
bundle
xylem
Stems Transports food, water, and nutrients
Supports the leaves and flowers
Parts of the Stem – Xylem
Water and minerals travel up to other plant parts
– Phloem
Manufactured food travels down to other plant parts
Types of Root Systems – Fibrous Roots
– Easier to transplant
Short, small, compact roots
– Tap Root
– Difficult to transplant, since most of the tap root is cut-off
Tap root is primarily used for storage of food
In both types, most nutrients and water are absorbed by root hair
Fibrous Roots– Monocots– Several roots of same size w/ branching
Roots can be adapted for storage of nutrients:– Example: Carrot (Taproot)
Sweet Potato (Fibrous Root)
Plant Processes – Photosynthesis
Mixes light, water, and carbon dioxide in the presence of chlorophyll to produce sugar and oxygen
– Respiration
Combines sugars and oxygen to give off water and heat
– Transpiration
– Loss of water through the leaves or stems
– Causes wilting when soil is dry
Gravity Wind Force
Animal
Water Wind
Dispersal of Seeds