"Opening GLAM Data Bottom-up" by Maarten Brinkerink

OPEN CULTURE DATA: Opening GLAM Data Bottum-Up

Open Cultural Heritage Data in the Nordic Countries

Maarten Brinkerink

Malmö, April 24, 2013

t: @OpenCultuurData | #opencultuurdata

WHAT

Open Cultuur Data (Open Culture Data) is a network of cultural professionals, developers, designers, copyright specialists and open data experts, that opens cultural data and encourages the development of valuable cultural applications. This makes culture accessible in new ways to a broader public.

WHY

Cultural institutions (or GLAMs) have a wealth of information locked up in their vaults. They preserve and store unique collections, they have an enourmous amount of knowledge about these collections (context, metadata), produce information and collect reactions from visitors.

More and more cultural institutions make this information digitally accessible. This creates many new opportunities – for the institutions themselves but also for third parties – to use this information to create new applications and websites, allowing us to participate in arts and culture in new ways. However, this data is often very difficult to access for others.

STIMULATING COLLABORATION AND CREATIVITY“No matter who you are,

most of the smartest people work for someone else.” Joy’s Law

PUBLIC MISSION“For [GLAM] content to be truly accessible, it needs to be where the users

are, embedded in their daily networked lives.” Waibel and Erway, 2009

NEELIE KROES | VICE-president for the EC digital agenda & Open Data

“I urge cultural institutions to open up control of their data [...] there is a wonderful opportunity to show how cultural material can contribute to innovation, how it can become a driver of new developments. Museums, archives and libraries should not miss it.”

HOW

Open Cultuur Data supports the cultural heritage sector in the release of culture data in the following way:•encourage making more open culture data available

•collecting culture data sets in a national catalogue

•collecting and sharing knowledge and experience with open culture data

•encouraging the making of new applications based on open culture data

1. Open Culture Data is knowledge and information of cultural institutions, organisations or initiatives about their collections and/or works

defining open culture data

2. Everyone can consult, use, spread and reuse Open Culture Data (through an open license or by making material available in the Public Domain)


3. Open Culture Data is available in a digital (standard) format that makes reuse possible


4. The structure and possible applications of Open Culture Data are documented in a ‘data blog’


5. The provider of the Open Culture Data is prepared to answer questions about the data from interested parties and respects the efforts that it costs that the open data community invests in developing new applications


• CC0 for metadata

• PDM, CC-BY of CC-BY-SA for content

• Open standards

• Open documentation & communication

specific conditions

• Ad-hoc start: September 2011

• Contacting heritage professionals to release datasets

• Writing ‘datablogs’

• 1 hackathon, 8 datasets in November 2011

• Starting point: 5 rules for Open Cultuur Data

2011: EMERGENCE OF A NETWORK

HACKATHON | HACK DE OVERHEID | WORKSHOP

Photo: Breyten Ernsting. CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nl/)

HACKATHON | HACK DE OVERHEID | APPS4NL

Photo: Breyten Ernsting. CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nl/)

• 13 apps created, 8 app submitted (46 total)

• Gold: Vistory

• Education: Rijksmonumenten.info

• Encouragement: ConnectedCollection• Categories of submitted apps: Navigating

collections, Games, Data enrichment, Social media and Tablets

RESULTS APPS4NL

APPS: HAY KRANEN, HET VIRTUELE RIJKSMUSEUM

Developer: Ronald Klip, Contente Content.

APPS

Developers: Hans van den Berg en Arjan den Boer | ab-c media

APPS

Developers: Jonathan Carter, Paul Manwaring, Jeroen van der Linde, Martin Elshout, Deniz Tezcan (gezamenlijk: Glimworm IT)

APPS: GOUD VOOR VISTORY

• 2012: support from Images for the Future and Creative Commons Netherlands

• April 2012: master classes

• Juni 2012: start competition / hackathon 1

• Oktober 2012, Rotterdam: hackathon 2

• January 2013: Open Culture Data Awards

2012: MASTER CLASS, GROWTH OF THE NETWORK, COMPETITION

ARCHIVES

Archief Eemland

Gemeentearchief Rotterdam

Groene Hart Archieven

Nationaal Archief

Regionaal Archief Leiden

LIBRARIES

Wageningen UR bibliotheek

SECTOR INSTITUTES

Kunstfactor

FASE 2: MASTER CLASS OPEN DATA | CREATIVE COMMONS

MUSEUMS

Buurtmuseum Leiden Noord

Centraal Museum

Fries Museum / Keramiekmuseum Princessehof

Joods Historisch Museum

Maritiem Digitaal/Visserijmuseum Zoutkamp

Teylers Museum

KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTES

Nationaal Comité 4 en 5 mei

NCB Naturalis

NIOD

Theater Instituut Nederland

17 GLAMs participated

Topics:#1: Introduction to copyright#2: Technology and en tools#3: Reuse and apps#4: Benefits and risks#5: Hackathon / evaluation

DATASETS (35 and counting…)

More information & documentation:

www.opencultuurdata.nl/datasets

THEMES

• Theme WOII (NIOD, Archief Nijmegen, Leiden, 4/5 mei)

• Theme fashion (Amsterdam Museum, Fries Museum, Centraal Museum)

• Theme maps (Groene Hart, Eemland, Nationaal Archief)

• Theme hist. video/ audio (Open Beelden, Geluid van NL)

• Theme press photography (Anefo collectie Nationaal Archief)

• Theme 19th century art (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Mus.)

COMPETITION

Powered by

THE CHALLENGE

Which apps can bring the best out of culture?

•Apps that expand audience reach and engagement (online, offline, onsite) of arts and culture;•Apps that can reach audiences/ communities in new and innovative ways;•Apps that connect different datasets.

• 27 apps submitted• Gold: Muse App• Silver: Histagram• Bonze: SimMuseum• Nationaal Archief-award: Tijdbalk.nl• Categories of submitted apps: Games, Content

galleries, Creative reuse, Maps and timelines, History and Tourism

RESULTS …

GOUD: MUSE APP: FEMKE VAN DER STER, PETER HENKES, JELLE VAN DER STER

ZILVER: HISTAGRAM: FRONTWISE (RICHARD JONG)

BRONS: SIMMUSEUM: HAY KRANEN

NATIONAAL ARCHIEF-PRIJS: TIJDBALK.NL: ARJAN DEN BOER

Open Images is an open media platform that offers online access to audiovisual archive material to stimulate creative reuse.

Built by Sound and Vision & Knowledgeland but designed for participation by others.

• Open source (MMBase, FFmpeg, LAMP)

• Open media formats (Ogg Theora, WebM)

• Open standards (Dublin Core, CC-REL, HTML 5)

• Open API (OAI-PMH, CC-0)

• Open content (CC-licenses, PD)

OPEN, OPEN, OPEN!

• Creative Commons BY - SA as preferable license

• 3000 items (now over 1800)

• Available in ‘internet quality’

OPEN CONTENT

Some numbers:

Estimated length of entire S&V archive: 750,000h

Estimated length of ‘our’ newsreel collection: 500h

Estimated length of material in Open Images: 110h

So currently 22% of ‘our’ newsreel collection is openly available through Open Images and 0,015% of our entire archive.

10-04-23

•Available content items•~1,600 (2011)•>1,800 (2012)•Visits•>66,000 (2011)•>105,000 (2012)•Unique visitors•~89,000 (2012)•>53,000 (2011)

10-04-23

IMPACT THROUGH OPENIMAGES.EU

•Pageviews•~280,000 (2012)•~207,000 (2011)•Plays•~11,000 (2011)•>16,000 (2012)•Downloads•~2,400 (tracked since July 2012)•API calls•~170,000 (2012)

10-04-23

IMPACT THROUGH OPENIMAGES.EU

•Available content items•~1,600 (2011)•~1,600 (2012)•Number of Wikipedia articles reusing the content items•~1,000, in 59 languages (2011)•~1,600, in 65 languages (2012)•Pageviews of those articles•~19,000,000 (2011)•~40,000,000 (2012)

10-04-23

IMPACT TRHOUGH WIKIMEDIA

SOME (MAJOR) CHALLENGES

– What are proper metrics to analyse the impact of external reuse?

– How to value different ‘types of interaction’ with the open content?

– How does the impact of external reuse relate to the impact of institutionally owned channels?

• Public mission• Data enrichment• Increasing relevance• Increasing channels to end users• Brand value• Specific funding oppurtunities• Discoverability• New customers/ users• Building expertise• Desired spill-over effects/ creating new business

Source: Verwayen, Arnoldus & Kaufman 2011. The Problem of the Yellow Milkmaid. Europeana White Paper no. 2.

BENEFITS OF OPEN CULTURE DATA

BENEFITS OF OPEN CULTURE DATA

ETHAN ZUCKERMAN ON CIVIC ENGAGEMENT

• Have access to expertise on the dimensions of collection

• Buy-in from the senior management is essential => focus on value add

• Necessity to invest in engagement with third parties• Face to face meetups are extremely valuable

(masterclasses f.i.)• Start with something sweet and small• On hackatons:• It doesn’t just happen – lots and lots of effort• Search for sustainability• Not all data is equally popular

Lessons Learned

• GLAMetrics• Improve API search• Executive track• Focussed challenges (education etc.)

• OpenCultuurData.be

FUTURE WORK

SOME RESOURCES

• http://www.opencultuurdata.nl/about

• https://p2pu.org/en/groups/open-glam/

• http://www.openglam.org

• http://avoinglam.fi

• http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/open-culture-data-opening-glam-data-bottom-up/

• Lotte Belice Baltussen• Johan Oomen• Nikki Timmermans• Maarten Zeinstra

Shout-out

[email protected]@mbrinkerink

@OpenCultuurData#opencultuurdata

THANKS! QUESTIONS?