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SDTT-SRI-PARTNERS MEET 21- 22 MARCH 2014
PRESERVATION AND PROLIFERATION OF RURAL RESOURCES AND NATURE
(PRAN), Gaya, Bihar
RAIPUR, CHHATISGARH
UPDATE ON ACTIVITIES OF PRAN
Topic
1 PRAN Overview
2 Bihar Overview: Target Population
3 System of Root Intensification
4 Technologies developed at PRAN
5 PRAN’s Accomplishments to Date
6 PRAN’s Partnerships: Government, NGO and Private Sector
PRAN
PRAN is a public charitable trust formed under Indian Trust Act 1882
PRAN grew out of PRADAN, Gaya and became an independent rural development organisation in 2012
PRAN HISTORY Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BLRPS), Patna invited
PRADAN to pilot and scale up SRI-Paddy in Gaya and Nalanda Districts in 2007.
PRADAN, Gaya led by Anil Verma devised prototype for effective scaling up of activity 2007-2009, focusing on low cost and locally staffed organizational design.Successfully piloted SDTT-DBI project in Gaya.
SRI (System of Rice Intensification) became SRI (System of Root Intensification) in Bihar with successful experiments in most of the crops
Based on success of SRI in Gaya and Nalanda districts, 2011 Designated as Official Year of SRI by Government of Bihar
SRI Vidhi (as SRI is known locally) is gaining widespread acceptance amongst farmers (especially marginal farmers) across Bihar.
PRAN formed as an independent NGO out of PRADAN, Gaya in 2012
ATMA (Gaya and Nalanda), and Government of Bihar along with PRADAN and SDTT, Mumbai support PRAN’s Activities
PRAN’S SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS
Sir Dorabji Tata Trust
Professional Assistance for Development Action (PRADAN)
Livolink Foundation
Agriculture Technology Management Agency
ITC Ltd.
BIHAR: SOME SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS
Population 104 million
Highest levels of poverty in India
In 2010-2011 Lowest Net Domestic
Product in India
26 Million are food insecure (many are
farmers)
Small and marginal farmers account for
93% of all farmers
Women perform majority of farm labor
Average landholding size 3 acres
(significant below 1 acres)
Agriculture employs 75% of the labor
force
PROBLEMS OF SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS OF BIHAR
High rates of food insecurity and no cash availability Low productivity of major food security crops (rice, wheat).
• Average rice yield (Gaya): 1.6t/hec
• Average Wheat yield (Gaya):2t/hec
Poor rain-fed and flood affected agriculture Very low Irrigation availability and lack of access to
electricity; high cost of diesel Poor and ineffective market infrastructure Weak agriculture supply chains especially for small and
marginal farmers Poor productivity of vegetable crops and insufficient
processing units Lack of support from government to poor and marginal
farmers (SC and OBC)
Executive Director
Project Supervisor
Project Manager Project Manager
Office Assistant
Accounts Manager
Information Systems Manager
Project Supervisor
Project Supervisor
Technical Resource Team
Skilled Extension Workers
(SEW)
Skilled Extension Workers
(SEW)
Skilled Extension Workers
(SEW)
20 -40 Village Resurce Persons
(VRP)
50 Farmers per VRP
50 Farmers per VRP
50 Farmers per VRP
- Total PRAN Staff: 25- Number of VRPs: 280
20 - 40 Village Resource
Persons (VRP)
20 - 40 Village Resource
Persons (VRP)
Project Leader / Executive
OPERATIONAL DISTRICTS
PROJECT BLOCKS IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS
Gaya Nalanda
Munger
11 Blocks in Gaya, 4 Blocks in Nalanda and 2 BlockS in Munger District
STRATEGIES
Awareness generating in communities Use of audio-visual (SRI film) and flex extension
materials/manuals Campaigning in villages by old experienced SRI
farmers Village meetings by PRAN staff for awareness,
motivation and adoption Associating with Government Extension and
Research Programs ( ATMA, KVK, Research Institutions, etc)
Organizing workshops of various stakeholders: Block, district, State, Agricultural universities and others
Participating in Kisan Melas
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT VILLAGE
RESOURCE PERSONS
The best practiceners identified by
villagers and PRAN are trained
intensively in 3-4 phases including:
Motivational and Capacity Building Training
Technical Skills Learning by doing Repeated Engagement
and long-term partnerships
PRAN’S APPROACH
Pro-poor Incentives to VRPs Weekly review and plan of operations Building on strengths in stakeholders Credit is to be given and not to be taken Collective ownership of successes and failures Giving priority to Emotional Quotient and minimal
importance to Intelligence Quotient Non-Negotiable - Maintaining Integrity at all levels Maintaining 75% motivational and 25% technical Panch S (satya,Samay,Seva,Sanskar and Samanta) and
Panch J (Jal,Jungle,Jameen,Janwar and Jan) (Principles of development in to practice )
ADDRESSING FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES: SYSTEM OF ROOT INTENSIFICATION (SRI)
Low external inputs (seed, fertilizers, water, labor) to make this within reach of resource poor families.
High productivity to provide sufficient food grains to small and marginal farmers
Sustainability (maintaining soil carrying capacity for future generations)
Root is the mouth of the plant – keep that healthy
Enhanced root volume and weight than normal method
Assumptions behind SRI method
(different from green revolution in
the country)
PRINCIPLES OF SRI
1. Priming of seeds & planting material
2. Young age seedlings/sprouted seeds
3. Wider spacing
4. Single/Few/ seedlings/seeds
5. Use of Integrated Nutrient /organic/natural fertilizers
6. No standing water in field; keep soil moist
7. Interculture with weeders to aerate soil and improve root health
8. Surface sowing/transplanting
9. Providing space(pit) for roots to grow to maximum potential
10. Nutritional and microbial security to rhizosphere
11. Organic relationship of human with trees and plants
12. Emotional relationship of practiceners with the growth stages of crops
SRI ACTIVITIES PREVIOUS KHARIF
ADDITIONAL FOOD SECURITY DAYS THROUGH SRI-PADDY
FARMERS IN THEIR SRI-RAPESEED PLOT
IMPACT OF SRI IN FOOD-GRAINS AND OILSEEDSAchieving Food Security: Marginal and poor families adopting SRI in Paddy and wheat are getting secured food-grains.Earning Cash Income for Improved Livelihood Security: The families adopting SRI in Paddy, Wheat and oilseed ,Vegetables are getting surplus cash.
A WOMAN WITH HER SRI VIDHI VICIA FABA
SRI VIDHI-WHEAT (LEFT WITH HAND AND RIGHT WITH SEED DRILL)
PERCEPTION OF FARMERS ON YIELD ENHANCEMENT
1. SRI Paddy enhancement by 100%
2. SRI Wheat enhancement by 50%
3. SRI Green gram enhancement by 50%
4. SRI- Tomato-Yield enhancement by 55%
5. SRI-Chili-Yield enhancement by 22%
6. SRI-Brinjal-Yield enhancement by 45%
7. SRI-EFY-Yield enhancement by 80%
8. SRI-Sugarcane-Yield enhancement by 85%
9. SRI-Rapeseed-Yield enhancement by 150%
SRI ACTIVITIES PREVIOUS KHARIF
PRAN IS PILOTING SRI-ELEPHANT FOOT YAM (OL) WITH MARGINAL FARMERS IN GAYA
First Sri-Elephant Foot Yam crop in 2012
Yield: 102.3 tons/ha under SRI vs. 25 tons/ha farmers practice
Market price 10 RS/kg plus long storage capabilities to ensure good market price
2013: 79 Farmers planted Elephant Foot Yam
2014: Plan with 200 Families
Nursery Preparation
Big pits for intensification
High growth of shoot and girth High
Yield
PRAN FARMERS HIGHLIGHT “SRI VIDHI” IN GANDHI MAIDAN, GAYA ON REPUBLIC DAY EVERY YEAR
VILLAGE RESOURCE PERSONS (VRPS) AND SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS PARTICIPATING IN JHANKI. ALL WEAR
YELLOW SARI AS COLOR OF SRI VIDHI.
TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED AND PRACTICED AT PRAN PROJECT
1. SRI-implements: 3 –in-1 SRI dry weeder
2. Work on generations of SRI-Wheat seed drill
3. Tool for easy spacing used in SRI transplantation
4. Fertilizer (made by us and practiced by farmers): Sripranamrit
5. Bio-pesticide (made by farmers ) we learnt this from Subhash Palekar
6. Locally manufactured sugarcane eye extractor after procuring from N.Delhi
PRAN works in conjunction with partners(blacksmiths,company) to develop technologies appropriate for marginal farmers in Bihar.
EXAMPLES: PRAN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Local Fertilizer and Bio-Pesticide Production
3—in—1 SRI vidhi Weeder Tool for Spacing SRI Paddy
SRI-Sugarcane Eye extractor
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT: SRI –SEED DRILL
PRAN is thrilled that after several generations of experimenting with SRI-wheat direct seeders, a highly functional and low cost seeder was finally
completed in December 2013 by Kolkata based company Agro Vison. This wheat-seeder significantly decreases the labor involved in SRI-wheat.
4th Generation SRI-Wheat Seeder:80% Satisfaction Level
5th Generation SRI-Wheat Seeder: PRAN satisfied withthis version and will promote amongst farmers. Already Received 30 at cost of Rs 4,000/-per machine
LOCAL FUNGICIDES
LOCAL PESTICIDE
LOCAL MANURES
ADOPTION OF SRI-PADDY WITH PRAN
2009-10
2010- 11
2011- 12
2012- 13
2013- 14
05000
1000015000200002500030000
No. Of Famil-iesAcre
Year 2009-10 (Drought Year)
2010-11 (Drought Year)
2011-12Irregular rainfall
2012-13Rainfall in August
2013-14Drought Year
Families5,994 5,217 18,764 26,142
10,249 (vs15,000 plan)
Percentage Growth from Pervious Year in Number of Families
N/A -12.96% 259.67% 39.32% - 60.79%
Acres 761 650 3,140.49 6,921.4 3349
Acres per Family 0.13 0.12 0.17 0.260.33 (vs0.30
planned)Average Yield 7 t/ha 6 t/ha 6 t/ha 6.5 t/ha 5.7 t/ha
PROGRESS OF RABI SRI CROPS
SRI CROP
NO. OF FAMILIES IN 2012-13
AREA IN ACRE IN 2012-13
Acreage/farmer in 2012-13
NO. OF FAMILIES IN 2013-14
AREA IN ACRE IN 2013-14
Acreage/farmer in 2013-14
SRI-Wheat 7,368 782.9
8 0.11 5268 709.80
0.13
SRI-Rapeseed 3,205 336.2
1 0.10 1559 172.53
0.11
SRI-Vegetables 586 35 0.06 2212 137.4
50.06
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000Family 2012-13
Area 2012-13
Family 2013-14
Area 2013-14
SRI Other Crops Acreage 0.10 vs planned 0.15 per family
TRAINING DETAILS
Training Head Planned Training Days
Achieved Till Now
Farmer Training 15000 3862
Adoption of NPM 300 527
Exposure 1000 108
VRP Training (New) 200 140
VRP Training (Old) 50 70
Planning Period is September 2013 – August 2014
PRAN COLLABORATION WITH GOVERNMENT
Through Bihar Rural Livelihood Promotion Society (BLRPS) in all project districts
Declared 2011 as SRI year Demonstration of SRI-Paddy in 3.5 lakh hectare and SRI-wheat
in 2.4 lakh hectare Bihar got Krishi Karman Award for highest ever production of
Paddy in state Women farmers were used by government to share their
experiences and demonstrations in all 38 districts After introduction of SRI Bihar produced 84lakh tonnes of
Paddy against previous highest production of 58 lakh tonnes. In 2013-14 7.5 lakh farmers practiced SRI in Bihar In 2014-15 declared SRI as culture of Bihar.Government has a
plan to promote SRI in 20 lakh acres.Distributing inputs for 5 lakh acre towards demonstration.
PRAN has a plan to inaugurate a SRI-Museum in Gaya
PRAN FARMERS GOT AWARD AT NATIONAL LEVEL
SRI farmers got award from president and agriculture minister, Government of India
Santosh Kumar got award from Sri Sharad Pawar (July2013)while Jayjeet Kumar got award and a cash prize of Rs 50000/- from Sri Narendra Modi.(Sept 2013)
PD, Deputy PD ATMA, District consultant, Department of Agriculture and block level officials involved in yield estimation
LIVOLINK FOUNDATION-PRAN UNDERTAKING RESEARCHES ON SRI
• A farmer from Gaya has been helping scientists at Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi (IARI) to experiment SRI-Paddy and Wheat since 3 years .
• Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Patna (ICAR) is also getting good results in wheat and Paddy
• Wheat Research Institute, Karnal (WRI), and Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard, Bharatpur asked for Package of Practices of SRI-crops
DEPUTY DIRECTOR, AGRICULTURE ASSESING THE SRI RESEARCH PLOT IN GAYA
ASPECT-1
Number of plants per hill X Age of seedlings
5Treatments and 4 Replications
T1-16days old single seedling at 25cmX25cmT2-16 days 2 seedlings at 25cmX25cmT3-22 days old single seedling at 25 cmX25cmT4-22 daysold 2 seedlings at 25 cmX25 cmT5-10 days old single seedling at 25cmX25cm
LEARNINGS GENERATED FROM ASPECT-1 Among all treatments T5 provided the maximum yield while T3 gave
the minimum yield .T2,T1 and T4 provided yields in between. The number of tillering were maximum in T2 while minimum in T3. The average length of panicle were maximum in T5 while minimum
in T4 The average number of grains per panicle was maximum in T5 while
minimum in T3. The average plant height was maximum in T1 while minimum in T3.
Conclusion based on Aspect 1-T5 gave the best yield and confirmed our belief to transplant
seedlings at 10 days.Single seedling at the age of 10 days may be suitable for
transplanting.
ASPECT-2
Contribution of each aspect on crop yield6 treatments X4 replicationsT1-12 days single seedling, spacing 25cmX25cm and Manual weeding.
T2-12 days 3 seedlings,spacing 25cmX25cm and manual weeding
T3-12 days single seedling,Spacing 15cmX20cm and mechanical weeding
T4-25 days single seedling,spacing 25cmX25cm and mechanical weeding
T5-12 days one seedling ,Spacing 25cmX25cm and manual weeding
T6-25 days 3 seedlings,spacing 15 cmX 20 cm and manual weeding
LEARNINGS FROM ASPECT-2
T3 gave the maximum yield while T4 provided the minimum and others in between
The maximum tillering took place in T2 while minimum in T4.
The maximum length of panicle is in T1 and minimum in T6.
The maximum number of grains per panicle was in T1 and minimum in T6.
The maximum height of plant was in T4 while minimum in T2.
The number of plants per sqm was maximum in T3 and minimum in T4.
Conclusion based on this trial:T3 was better as compared to others
ASPECT-3
Age of seedlings X Spacing T1-16 days seedlings,spacing 25cmX25cm,two
seedlings T2-16 days seedlings,spacing 20cmX20cm,two
seedlings T3-22 days seedlings,spacing 25cmX25cm,two
seedlings T4-22 days seedlings, spacing 20cmX20cm,two
seedlings T5-10 days seedlings,spacing 25cmX25cm,single
seedling
LEARNINGS FOR ASPECT-3
T5 gave maximum yield while T1 provided the minimum. The number of tillering was maximum in T2 while minimum in T3. The average maximum height of plant was in T4 while minimum in
T2. The length of the panicle was maximum in T5while minimum in T3. The number of grains per panicle was highest in T5 while minimum
in T3. The average number of plants per sqm was maximum in T2 while
minimum in T3.
Concusion based on this trial:T5 gave maximum yield as length of pancile and number of grains were more to others.
PRAN, JAIN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS LTD. & HARVARD UNIVERSITY COLLABORATION(A PILOT PROJECT)
ANU-DEVI SHOWS COLLECTIVE ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Solar Powered Pump Provided By JAIN Irrigation
JAIN Irrigation Staff learn from PRAN Farmers, including VP Agronomy Dr. Soman
2013 Piloted scheme to bring solar powered irrigation and drip irrigation to seven farmers in Rajapur Village, Gaya district Bihar
1 solar powered pump and drip irrigation facilities provided by JAIN Irrigation Systems Ltd.
Farmer collective manages solar pump and drip system– collecting Rs 20/-per hour to pay for future repairs
If successful, opportunities to scale this model under consideration with support from JAIN and Harvard University
Farmers signing collective agreement
DRIP IRRIGATION WITH FARMERS
CHALLENGES
Draught every alternate year Low literacy
VISITORS
Agricultural scientists from Israiel,IFRI and Harvard
Journalists from Germany and Austria Agronomists from University of Sussex Joint Secretary,NFSM ICAR scientists Local officials/Vice chancellor,Nalanda
International University
Year1 Year2 Year3
Old farmers
12000(Y2) 12000(Y3)3000(Y2)
3000(Y3)5000(Y2)
New farmers
3000(Y1) 5000(Y1) 5000(Y1)
Old(Continuing on their own)
0 0 12000(Y4)
Total 15000 20000 25000
SRI-Other crops-10,000 hh District level workshops- 2
(Gaya, Nalanda) State level workshop-1 SRI Vidhi Cluster Adhivesan-21 Farmers Training-30000 trainee
days VRP training to farmers-200 Low cost Vermicomposting-
400(50 new)units Demonstration of +ve
experience of Local Fertilisers and pesticides among 500hh
Exposure and Awareness on SRI-3000 hh
PRAN’S PLAN FOR 2014-2015Coverage:20000 families during kharif and 10000 families during rabi and summer
Plan for SRI Paddy Plan for SRI Other Crops
THANK YOU....