What is Bio-Diesel?

A processed fuel derived from biological sources (such as vegetable oils, etc.), which

can be used in unmodified diesel-engine vehicles.

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Family: Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae

Common names

(English) : diesel tree(Portuguese) : copaiba(Spanish) : cabismo

Copaiferalangsdorfii

Evergreen tree to 6-

12(sometimes 35) m tall, and 1m diameter

Mean annual rainfall: 1000-

4000mm

Mean annual temperature:

20-27 degC(with no

frost)

40 liters yields of

hydrocarbon per tree per

year

Soil Requirement:

lithosols -(shallow soils consisting of imperfectly weathered rock fragments)

Latosols -Soil that is rich in iron, alumina, or silica and formed in tropical woodlands under very humid climate with relatively high temperature.

pH : 4.5 - 7.5

With some water logging

Propagation and management

• Propagation methodsSeedlings germinate well in dense shade.

• Tree ManagementPlanting at a spacing of 3 x 1.5m, C. langsdorfii showed highgrowth rate in height and stem diameter after 5 months.

Reports of 40 liters yields of hydrocarbon per tree per year have been recorded.

• Germplasm ManagementSeed storage behaviour is orthodox. Viability is maintained after 8 months storage at 7.8% moisture content and 3 deg C.

Apiculture: Bees are major visitors of the tree for pollen.

Fuel: The hydrocarbon obtained from the trunk can be used directly by a diesel-powered car.

Gum or resin: The oleoresin called copaiba is obtained by incising the trunk. The hydrocarbon isused as an emollient and for other non-energy-related purposes by the natives. The copal isused in lacquers, massage preparations, medicines, and paints. Copaiba is thin and clear but onaging becomes thick and acquires a yellowish tinge.

Medicine: A good remedy for chronic catarrh and bronchitis, as it assists expectoration and isantiseptic; given with advantage in leucorrhoea, chronic cystitis, diarrhoea, and hemorrhoids. Itis chiefly used in gonorrhea (though not advocated for chronic cases), often combined withother substances. It has also been recommended externally for chilblains.

• 1 tree produces 40 liters of hydrocarbon per year.

• 1 tree can be grown in 3*1.5 = 4.5 meter sq.

• In a hectare 2222 trees can be grown.

• Total (Max.) hydrocarbon oil production =

88880 litres/hectare/year

Transesterification• Mix 5 grams of NaOH with 200ml of methanol.

• Stir until the NaOH is completely dissolved.

• Heat 1 liter of new vegetable oil to 55C.

• Mix the methanol with the vegetable oil.

• Continue to stir for 15 minutes while the transesterification reaction takes place.

• Allow the glycerin to settle out for 2 hours.

• The stuff on top is raw biodiesel. It needs to be cleaned before it can be used.

Dry washing Biodiesel• In a nutshell you simply pass the raw Biodiesel through the dry wash system slowly,

and out comes sparkling clear, ready to run Biodiesel! • It only takes One Pass through the dry wash tower with this system! • You will be amazed. The simple technical explanation is that as the Biodiesel passes

through the resin, the Ion Exchange process takes place whereby an atom of hydrogen is strongly attracted to the contaminants in the Biodiesel, but not the Biodiesel itself.

• This strong attraction usually results in an atom of hydrogen being replaced (exchanged) with an atom of a contaminant.

• The contaminant is now attached to the resin in place of the hydrogen and the hydrogen molecule is left in the Biodiesel.

• This all happens on a molecular basis and is a very efficient method of cleaning the fuel.

• Each kilogram of Eco2Pure™ is capable of purifying between 300-600 liters of biodiesel, making it the lowest cost dry wash biodiesel purification method in existence today.

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