Presentazione Corso VMware vSphere 6.5

CASCINA MEDICI DEL VASCELLO – REGGIA DI VENARIA

9 FEBBRAIO 2017

APPUNTAMENTO CON LA FORMAZIONE VMWARE

E LA TECNOLOGIA LENOVO

Ore 09,00 REGISTRAZIONE E CAFFE’ DI BENVENUTO

Ore 09,30 CORSO DI FORMAZIONE VMWARE Ore 11,00 BREAK

Ore 11,10 CORSO DI FORMAZIONE VMWARE Ore 13,00 LUNCH

Ore 12,15 PRESENTAZIONE NOVITA’ LENOVO

CASCINA MEDICI DEL VASCELLO – REGGIA DI VENARIA

Ore 14,00 CORSO DI FORMAZIONE VMWARE Ore 17,30 FINE LAVORI

vSphere 6.5 Overview Torino, 9 febbraio 2017

About me

Pietro Ciotola Ingegnere Informatico

Dal 2008 Trainer ufficiale VMware (VCI)

VCP6-DCV

Linkedin : https://www.linkedin.com/in/pietroc/

Torino 9 febbraio 2017

About Avnet Academy EMEA:

Learn about the best technologies Resell options for Partners

Innovation in learning

• Vendor authorised IT training courses guarantee the quality of the content and lead to industry recognised certifications.

• Learn in a way that matches your preferred learning style, combining classroom, online, instructor-led and self-paced options.

• Stay ahead of the curve and become certified on the latest technologies driving innovation.

• Have the option to customise course content and tailor it around a particular IT project.

• Professional training instructors make the process of learning fun and enjoyable.

• Training is available in more than 80 countries globally.

• Flexible ways to purchase training, including training credits.

TrainingNow and a host of other channel friendly programmes help Partners provide training to their Customers without the need for huge upfront investments.

Premium virtual training platform

Massive open online courses

Certification and badging

Customer hackathons to drive innovation and adoption

Training you can trust:

• Dedicated teams by country with local web presence across 14 countries in EMEA and more globally.

• Dedicated lab environment hosted in EMEA.

• Accelerating your success.

Guiding Partners and their Customers on their journey to IT certification

Plus many more . . .

Agenda

• Introduzione a VMware vSphere • Le novità della versione 6.5 • Le interfacce WEB di Management • Il Vcenter e l’applicance VCSA • Scenari di migrazione ed upgrade • Il nuovo filesystem VMFS6 • Le Virtual Machines • vSphere HA e vSphere DRS


What’s New

What’s new in vSphere 6.5

• New Admin Interfaces • Improved vCenter management • Improved VMFS • Improved VM security with encription • Improved Networking • Proactive HA • Predictive DRS


The Virtual Enviroment

Traditional Architecture Traditional architecture has inherent challenges:

– Poor use of physical resources

– High management and maintenance costs

– High physical infrastructure costs

– Provisioning challenges

– Insufficient failover and poor disaster protection

Storage Network


Virtual Architecture

Virtual architecture has inherent benefits:

– Expanded use of physical resources

– Reduced management and maintenance costs

– Improved desktop manageability and security

– Increased availability of applications

– Increased operational flexibility Network Storage


About Virtual Machines

• A virtual machine is a software representation of a physical computer and its components.

• The virtualization software converts the physical machine and its components into files.

– Operating system – VMware Tools™ – Virtual resources, such as:

• CPU and memory • Network adapters • Disks and controllers • Parallel and serial ports

Virtual Machine Virtual Machine Components


Benefits of Using Virtual Machines

Physical machines Difficult to move or copy Bound to a specific set of hardware components Often has a short lifecycle Requires personal contact to upgrade hardware

Virtual machines Easy to move or copy

– Encapsulated into files – Independent of physical

hardware Easy to manage

– Isolated from other virtual machines running on same physical hardware

– Insulated from physical hardware changes


Management Tools in vSphere 6.5

VMware Host Client

vSphere Client

ESXi Host

Your Desktop

vCenter Server

vSphere Web Client


vSphere Web Client


• Host and Cluster default start point • MANAGE tab is now CONFIGURE • No more RELATED OBJECT but flat view of HOST,VMs,DATASTORE, NETWORKS • No more CLIENT INTEGRATION PLUGIN

vSphere Client (1)


vSphere Client (2)

• HTML-5 version of vSphere Client

• https://vcenterFQDN or IPaddress/ui

• No browser plug-ins to install and manage

• Fully supports Enhanced Linked Mode

• Integrated into vCenter Server 6.5 and fully supported


VMware HOST Client


vCenter Server and VCSA

vCenter Server Management Platform

vSphere vSphere vSphere

vCenter Server

Manage


vCenter Server Architecture

ESXi Host ESXi Host ESXi Host

vSphere Clients

vCenter Server and Additional

Modules Database

Active Directory Domain

Platform Services Controller with vCenter Single

Sign-On


Platform Services Controller

• vCenter Server includes Platform Services Controller: – Platform Services Controller includes a set of common infrastructure

services: • VMware vCenter® Single Sign-On • VMware License Server • Lookup Service • VMware Certificate Authority • Certificate Store • VMware Directory Services

– Other features are installed under the vCenter Server component. – You can install vCenter Server and Platform Services Controller on the

same or different machines.

vCenter Server



vCenter Server Services

• The vCenter Server group of services contains: – vCenter Server – vSphere Web Client (server) – VMware Inventory Service – vSphere Update Manager – VMware vSphere® Auto Deploy™ – VMware vSphere® ESXi™ Dump Collector – VMware vSphere® Syslog Collector

• You cannot distribute these vCenter Server functions across multiple servers. When you deploy vCenter Server Appliance, all of these features are included.


vCenter Server


vCenter Server Appliance Architecture

vSphere Clients

ESXi Host Hosting vCenter Server

Appliance Systems

Photon OS

vCenter Server Application

vCenter Server Database

Embedded

vCenter Server Appliance Systems

Managed Hosts and

Guests

Photon OS



VMware vCenter Server® 6.5 new features

• The installer has been overhauled, resulting in a new, modern look and feel. It is now supported on Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux without the need for any plug-ins.

• With vSphere 6.5, the VMware vCenter Server Appliance™ has surpassed the Windows installable version. It offers the following exclusive features:

– Migration Tool

– Improved appliance management

– Native high availability

– Native backup and restore



Appliance Management


In addition to CPU and memory statistics, it now shows network and database statistics, disk space usage,and health data. This reduces reliance on a command-line interface for simple monitoring and operational tasks.

vCenter Server High Availability


This solution consists of active, passive, and witness nodes that are cloned from the existing vCenter Server instance. The vCenter HA cluster can be enabled, disabled, or destroyed at any time.

VMware Virtual Storage

Storage Overview

Storage Technologies

Datastore Types

FCoE iSCSI Fibre

Channel Direct

Attached

File System

NAS

VMFS NFS

ESXi Hosts


Storage Protocol Overview

Storage Protocol Boot from SAN

Support vSphere vMotion

Support vSphere HA

Support vSphere DRS

Support

Raw Device Mapping Support

Fibre Channel ● ● ● ● ●

FCoE ● ● ● ● ●

iSCSI ● ● ● ● ●

NFS ● ● ●

DAS ● ●

Virtual Volumes ● ● ●

vSAN ● ● ●


About VMFS6 • VMFS6:

– Allows concurrent access to shared storage.

– Can be dynamically expanded.

– Uses 1 MB sizes that are good for storing large virtual disk files.

– Uses subblock addressing that is good for storing small files: the subblock size is 8 KB.

– Provides on-disk locking.

Host Host

VMFS Datastore


Automated UNMAP

• UNMAP is a vSphere Storage APIs primitive that enables reclamation of dead or stranded space on thinly provisioned VMFS volumes.

• In vSphere 6.0, this can be initiated by running a simple ESXCLI command that can free up deleted blocks from storage. vSphere 6.5 automates the UNMAP process by which VMFS tracks the deleted blocks and reclaims deleted space from the backend array in background.

• This background operation ensures a minimal storage I/O impact due to UNMAP operations. UNMAP works at a guest OS level with newer versions of Windows and Linux.


LUN Scalability

• In vSphere 6 the maximum number of LUNs is 256 and paths is 1,024

• vSphere 6.5 now supports up to 512 LUNs and 2,000 paths


Creating and Viewing VMFS Datastores


Browsing Datastore Contents


Virtual Networks

Virtual Switch Connections

Virtual Switch Production TestDev DMZ vSphere

vMotion Management

Uplink Ports

Virtual Machine Port Groups VMkernel Ports


Network Switch and Port Policies

• Policies that are set at the standard switch level apply to all port groups on the standard switch by default.

• Available network policies: – Security – Traffic shaping – NIC teaming and failover

• Policies are defined at the following levels: – Standard switch level:

• Default policies for all the ports on the standard switch.

– Port group level: • Effective policies: Policies defined at this level override the default policies that are set at the standard

switch level.

•


Configuring Security Policies

– Promiscuous mode: Allows a virtual switch or port group to forward all traffic regardless of the destination.

– MAC address changes: Accept or reject inbound traffic when the MAC address is altered by the guest.

– Forged transmits: Accept or reject outbound traffic when the MAC address is altered by the guest.


Traffic-Shaping Policy

• Network traffic shaping is a mechanism for limiting a virtual machine’s consumption of available network bandwidth.

• Average rate, peak rate, and burst size are configurable.

Peak Bandwidth

Average

Ou

tbo

un

d

Ban

dw

idth

Time Burst Size = Bandwidth x Time


NIC Teaming and Failover Policies

• Administrators can edit the NIC teaming and failover policy by configuring specific options.


Creating Virtual Machines

About Virtual Machine Files

VM folder

Configuration file VM_name.vmx Swap files VM_name.vswp vmx-VM_name.vswp

BIOS file VM_name.nvram Log files vmware.log Template file VM_name.vmtx Raw device map file VM_name-rdm.vmdk Disk descriptor file VM_name.vmdk Disk data file VM_name-flat.vmdk Suspend state file VM_name.vmss Snapshot data file VM_name.vmsd Snapshot state file VM_name-Snapshot.vmsn Snapshot disk file VM_name-#####.delta.vmdk Snapshot active memory file VM_name-Snapshot#.vmem


Virtual Machine

Virtual Machine Virtual Hardware

Hardware

3D

2 IDE

Controller

Devices

Up to 3

Parallel Ports

Up to 32

Serial/Com

ports 1 USB

Controller

20 Devices

1 Floppy

Controller

2 Devices

Up to 10

NICs

15 Devices

per

Adapter

Up to

6 TB of RAM

Up to 4 SCSI

Adapters

Up to 128 vCPUs

AHCI

SATA

Controller


Virtual Hardware Versions

Compatibility Hardware Version

ESXi 6.5 and later 13

ESXi 6 and later 11



ESXi/ESX 5.0 and later 8


Creating Virtual Machines


New Virtual Machine Wizard Settings


Deploying OVF Templates


VMware Tools: Supported ISO Images

• The following ISOs are included with vSphere 6.5:

– windows.iso: For Vista and later guests

– winPreVista.iso: For Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003 guests

– linux.iso: For Linux 3.x and later guests, CentOS 6 and later, Debian 6 and later, Ubuntu 10 and later

• VMware Tools for other guest operating systems, such as FreeBSD, Solaris, and Mac OS X, can be downloaded from My VMware at https://download.vmware.com.


https://download.vmware.com/

Virtual Machine Management

Using a Template

• A template is a master copy of a virtual machine. A template is used to create and provision new virtual machines.


Customizing the Guest Operating System

• Use the Guest Operating System Customization wizard to make virtual machines created from the same template or clone unique. – Customizing a guest operating system enables you to change:

• Computer name • Network settings • License settings • Windows Security Identifier

• During cloning or deploying virtual machines from a template: – You can create a specification to prepare the guest operating systems of

virtual machines. – Specifications can be stored in the database. – You can edit specifications in the Customization Specifications Manager. – Windows and Linux operating systems are supported.


Migrating Virtual Machines

• Migration means moving a virtual machine from one host, datastore, or vCenter Server system to another host, datastore, or vCenter Server system. – Types of migrations:

• Cold: Migrate a powered-off virtual machine to a new host or datastore. • Suspended: Migrate a suspended virtual machine to a new host or datastore • vSphere vMotion: Migrate a powered-on virtual machine to a new host. • vSphere Storage vMotion: Migrate a powered-on virtual machine's files to a

new datastore. • Shared-nothing vSphere vMotion: Migrate a powered-on virtual machine to a

new host and a new datastore simultaneously.


Comparison of Migration Types

Migration Type

Virtual

Machine

Power State

Change Host or

Datastore?

Across vCenter

Servers?

Shared Storage

Required? CPU Compatibility

Cold Off

Host or

datastore

or both

Yes No Different CPU families

allowed

Suspended Suspended

Host or

datastore

or both

Yes No

Must meet CPU

compatibility

requirements

vSphere vMotion On Host Yes Yes

Must meet CPU

compatibility

requirements

vSphere Storage

vMotion On Datastore Yes No N/A

Shared-nothing

vSphere vMotion On Both Yes No

Must meet CPU

compatibility

requirements


Resource Management and Monitoring

Memory Reclamation Techniques

• Economize use of physical memory pages: – Transparent page sharing allows pages with identical contents to be stored only once.

• Deallocate memory from one virtual machine for another: – Ballooning mechanism, active when memory is scarce, forces virtual machines to use their

own paging areas.

• Memory compression: – Attempts to reclaim some memory performance when memory contention is high.

• Host-level SSD swapping: – Use of a solid-state drive (SSD) on the host for a host cache swap file might increase

performance.

• Page virtual machine memory out to disk: – Use of VMkernel swap space is the last resort, because of poor performance.


CPU Load Balancing uni

VM

dual

VM

LCPU LCPU Hyperthreaded Dual-Core,

Dual-Socket System LCPU LCPU

LCPU LCPU

LCPU LCPU

uni

VM

uni

VM


Shares, Limits, and Reservations

Available Capacity

0 MHz/MB

Limit

Shares are used to compete in this range.

Reservation


Using Perfmon to Monitor Virtual Machine Resources


• esxtop is the primary real-time performance monitoring tool for vSphere: – This tool can be run from an ESXi host local command line as esxtop. – This tool can also be run remotely from VMware vSphere® Command-Line Interface as

resxtop. – esxtop works like the top performance utility found in Linux operating systems.

• In this example, you enter c and uppercase V to view CPU metrics for virtual machines.

• A visual tool can be found on labs.vmware.com/flings/visualesxtop

•

Using esxtop


Working with Overview Performance Charts

Host’s Performance Charts Partial Overview Panel


Chart Options: Real-Time and Historical

vCenter Server stores statistics at different specificities.

Time Interval Data Frequency Number of Samples

Real-Time (past hour) 20 seconds 180

Past Day 5 minutes 288

Past Week 30 minutes 336

Past Month 2 hours 360

Past Year 1 day 365


Saving Charts

You click the Save Chart icon above the graph to save performance chart information.

• You can save information in these formats:

– PNG

– JPEG

– CSV


vSphere HA

About Clusters

A cluster is used in vSphere to share physical resources between a group of ESXi hosts. vCenter Server manages cluster resources as a single pool of resources.

Features such as vSphere HA, vSphere DRS, and

vSAN can be enabled in a cluster. Cluster


About vSphere HA

Protects against ESXi host failures

Protects against application

failures

Protects against datastore accessibility failures

Protects virtual machines against network isolation


ESXi Host Failure

Virtual Machine A

Virtual Machine B

Virtual Machine C

Virtual Machine F

vCenter Server


Virtual Machine D

Virtual Machine E

Virtual Machine A Virtual Machine B

When a host fails, vSphere HA restarts the affected virtual machines on other hosts.

= vSphere HA Cluster


Guest Operating System Failure

vCenter Server

ESXi Host ESXi Host


ESXi Host

When a virtual machine stops sending heartbeats or the virtual machine process crashes (vmx), vSphere HA resets the virtual machine.

Virtual Machine C VMware Tools VMware Tools

Virtual Machine E

VMware Tools Virtual Machine F

VMware Tools Virtual Machine A

VMware Tools Virtual Machine B

VMware Tools Virtual Machine D


Application Failure

vCenter Server


Virtual Machine E

Application When an application fails, vSphere HA restarts the affected virtual machine on the same host.

Requires installation of VMware Tools.

Virtual Machine C

Application

Virtual Machine F

Application Virtual Machine D

Application

Virtual Machine A

Application

Virtual Machine B

Application



Proactive HA • Proactive HA integrates with select hardware partners to detect

degraded components and evacuate VMs from affected vSphere hosts before an incident causes a service interruption.

• Hardware partners offer a vCenter Server plug-in to provide the health status of the system memory, local storage, power supplies, cooling fans, and network adapters. As hardware components become degraded, Proactive HA determines which hosts are at risk and places them into a new state, Quarantine Mode. While in Quarantine Mode, VMs are migrated to healthy hosts, as long as affinity or antiaffinity rules are not violated and there is no impact to VM performance. In addition, the affected hosts are avoided when new VMs are added to the cluster.


High Availability Orchestrated Restart


• Orchestrated Restart improves the recoverability of applications that run across multiple VMs.

• This is done by creating dependency chains between VMs via VM-to-VM restart rules.

• These restart rules enforce the restart order for each VM within the dependency chain, increasing the likelihood that an impacted application will properly recover when vSphere HA restarts the VMs.

Configuring vSphere HA Settings

• When you create a vSphere HA cluster or configure a cluster, you must configure settings that determine how the feature works.


vSphere HA Admission Control Improvements


About vSphere Replication

vSphere vSphere Source Target

vSphere Replication


vSphere Replication Appliance

Standard OVF Virtual

Appliance

Delivered with the vSphere

Platform

Included with Most vSphere

Editions

vSphere Replication Appliance


Replication Functions

Replication Between Two Sites


vSphere DRS

vSphere DRS Cluster Prerequisites


vSphere DRS : Automation Level

Migration threshold guides selection of virtual machines for migration.

Automation Level Settings


Predictive DRS (1)

In addition to current usage metrics, vSphere DRS initiation also depends on predicted usage metrics provided by vRealize Operations.


Predictive DRS

• Predictive DRS is a new feature that leverages the predictive analytics of vRealize Operations Manager with the powerful resource scheduler algorithm of vSphere DRS. Together, these two products enable workload balancing for certain VMs before resource utilization spikes occur, potentially eliminating a great amount of resource contention that might have occurred in the past.

• vRealize Operations Manager runs its dynamic thresholds algorithm nightly against the VMs on which it collects data. These dynamic thresholds create forecasted metrics for the future utilization of the VMs.

• The metrics are then passed to vSphere DRS to determine the best placement and balance of VMs before resource utilization spikes occur. Predictive DRS helps prevent resource contention on hosts that run VMs with predictable utilization patterns.


THANK YOU !


Technology

Presentazione Corso VMware vSphere 6.5