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Presentation file by Jong-Sung Hwang on Smart City and Smart Government. It was revised from an original presentation at FTTH New Zealand conference in May 2013. It explains different approaches to Smart City and the relationship between Smart City and Smart Government.
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The Korean Approach toSmart City and Smart Government
IT & Korea
3
“Economic revitalization is going to be propelled by a creative economy and economic democratization…. At the very heart of a creative economy lie science technology and the IT industry” (President Park Geun-hye)
4
0
15,000
30,000
45,000
60,000
85868788899091929394959697989900010203040506070809101112
53,624
37,180
18,45818,254
unit X1,000
Telephone Line
Internet User
Broadband Internet
SmartPhone
32,727
Mobile Phone
Telecommunication Internet & Mobile Smart
IT Development of Korea
Korean Population
Network Technologies (Dec 2012)
5
Satellite0%
FTTH25%
HFC27%
LAN36%
xDSL12% LTE
29%
WCDMA50%
CDMA20%
Broadband Internet Mobile
LTE36.4%
(Mar 2013)
M2M Subscribers
6
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total SKT LGU⁺ KT
Source: Korea Communications Commission
M2M Services
7
Other6.9%
Facility Management13.7%
Remote Metering16.4%
Telematics19.2%
Wireless Payment(POS)43.8%
Source: www.etnews.com
8
80
85
90
95
100
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
RFID for Food Waste Children Safety
Smart PaymentBus Information
M2M Market Forecast
9
0
5
10
15
20
25
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Solution/Service Network HW
2.3
4.5
7.6
11.7
17.4
26
Source: KT
Unit=b USD
IoT and Smart City
10
RFID/USN M2M Internet of Things
Tipping Point
Korea
Smart City
What is Smart City?“City as a Platform : City enabling data sharing and smart services across city”
u-City
12
Why City?
0
25
50
75
100
1950 2009 2050
51.9
25
3
62.9
34.2
7.3
91.5
68.3
25.3
World PopulationUrban PopulationUrban Pop in Developing Countries
Unit=100 million
1960 2010
83%
28%
Urbanizationin Korea
City is a center of human life. In developing countries, 13,000 cities with 200,000 population will be newly created by 2050
Source: UN
13
“If the cities of the past were shaped by people,
the cities of the future are likely to be shaped by ideas,
and there are a lot of competing ones”(BBC)
14
12 u-City has been built since 2005
Types of u-City
15
New City
Whole City
Old City
Town
City Type
Scope
Songdo Pusan
Dongtan D-cube City
Is u-City an answer?
16
u-City Operating Center
What to be Improved?
17
“What is different?”
• little difference from other cities
• developer perspective
• focus on city function
• high costs and silos
• little role of citizen
Smart City
Lessons from Experiences
19
Value up Cost down
❶ Open Platform
❷ Citizen as Sensors
① Citizen Perspective
② Service-focused
③ Innovation-driven ❸ Scalable approach
④ Data Sharing ❹ Smart City Lab- collaboration with other cities
Looking for a New Strategy
20
Data
CitizenFocus on
Service
Smart City
21
ubiquitous City✓Computer
Smart City✓Service
Broadband Internet
22
“One might be surprised to discover more differences than similarities
among Smart City projects”
❶ High-tech City
• Enhancing value and attractiveness of a city
• Songdo, Dubai
❷ Smart Living and Sustainability
• Enabling sustainable economic development
• Amsterdam
❸ balanced approach
• Seoul
23
Definition of Smart City
Smart City is
“ a City as a Platform”
for Data Sharing and Smart Services across City
Smart City Platform
24
Smart CityPlatform
Geospatial Information(smart map + LBS + sensor + citizen)
Data Sharing(key city data like energy, traffic, water…...)
ICT Infrastructure
City Innovation System(Smart City Labs within and between Cities)
Private Investment&
Industrialization ofSmart Services
Smart City Architecture
25
Internet
e-Gov | e-Biz | e-Life | .........
Mail Web Apps
Internet
Smart City & Gov3.0
Talk Sense
Internet of Things
Gov that thinks(what-to-do)
Geo-Information
.....
Analyze.....
software
smartware
Data Bank
Smart Infrastructure : case of Seoul
26
Network
Mobile
Wired
Geospatial Information
Sensor
GIS
People
• u-Seoul net (2003~ )• u-Service net (2011~ )• Broadband Internet
• Public WiFi• WiBro (WiBro-WiFi Hybrid)• LTE
• Spatial Data Warehouse• 3D GIS (2012, 38%)• Semantic Map
• Mobile: Bus, Taxi• Fixed : Sensor + CCTV, WiFi
• Community Mapping
27
• Smart Device
• Fee Wifi
• Smart Literacy 600,0005 min
100,000
Smart Citizen : case of Seoul
The city of Seoul declared smart life as a basic right of all citizen
28
Community Mapping
Smart Government
Korea e-Government
30
UN e-Gov Evaluation, 2012
Seoul
Toronto
Madrid
Prague
Hong Kong
New York
Stockholm 60.26
60.49
60.81
61.72
63.63
64.31
84.74
City e-Gov Index, 2011
31
Trust in Government
Government is Scientific?
32
Evidence-based Policy
Policy-based Evidence
vs
33
“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”
34
“There is nothing quite so useless, as doing with great efficiency, something that should not be done at all”
“It is better to do the right thing wrong than the wrong thing right”
- Peter F. Drucker -
- Russell L. Ackoff -
35
Government 3.0
Gov 1.0(e-government)
Gov 2.0(platform government)
Gov 3.0(smart government)
government thatworks well
government thatopens to people
government thatthinks
process innovation(how-to-do internal)
governance innovation(how-to-do external)
policy innovation(what-to-do)
IT system web & app data
concept
goal
resource
Korea
36
❶ Open Data & Citizen Engagement
Gov3.0
Old Government G C
G
CC
CC
....
....
....Share
Engagement
37
❷ Collaboration
collaboration PerformanceManagement
SNS, Teleconference
Knowledge Base/Semantic
Accountability
❸ Personalized Services
38
Government
(Data Analysis)
IndividualCitizen
(Life Cycle, etc)
::::
Text
Personalized &Customized
Services
Personalization : services based on citizen attributes and needsCustomization : ability of citizen to modify government services
39
Revitalize the Korean Economy
Creative Economy
Smart City and Gov3.0
Thank you!
감사합니다.
Hwang, Jong-Sung, Ph.D.Research FellowNational Information Society [email protected]