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e-GEOS

HeadquarterContrada Terlecchie75100 Matera - Italy

Commercial Office

Via Cannizzaro 7100156 Roma - Italy

all COSMO-SkyMed images, copyright 2011

COSMO-SkyMed: a VHR SAR Constellationin Support of Defence, Intelligence and

Emergency Response

[email protected]

Page 2e-GEOS Proprietary Spatial@GOV, Camberra – November, 16 2011

The Cosmo constellation

Cosmo 1 launch

June 8, 2007

2:34 GMT

Cosmo 2 launch

December 9, 2007

2:31 GMT

Cosmo 3 launch

October 25, 2008

2:28 GMT

Cosmo 4 launch

November 6, 2010

2:20 GMT


Technical highlights

• Active array X-Band antenna with steerable beam;

• Resolution range: 1 m (10x10 Km spotlight) to 100 m (200 Km

swath)

• The widest bandwidth (400MHz) for commercial SAR

• High geo-location accuracy: 1.2 m. CE90

• Orbit altitude (620 Km)

• Wide incidence angle range (20º– 60º)

• Right & left looking acquisition

• Orbit phasing flexibility


HUGEREGION WIDEREGION HIMAGE PINGPONG

SPOTLIGHTSCANSAR STRIPMAP

MODE-2

10 x 10 km

HH or VV

n.a.

40 km

HH or VV or Xpol

~2,000 km

30 km

HH/VV or HH/HV..

~2,000 km

100 km

HH or VV or Xpol

~2,000 km

200 km

HH or VV or Xpol

~2,000 km

Swath

Multiple imaging modes

Swath

Flight Direction

30 m100 m 5 m 15 m 1 mResolution – std. prod.

Strip length

(3 m. SL)(16 m. SL)(30 m. SL)

Polarization


The frequent revisit of the constellation


Unique Strengths – The Constellation

COSMO-SkyMed system is a constellation of 4 identical satellites which provides:

– Fast response (>= 4 collection opportunities per day) withright/left looking access

– Large (or long) fast area coverage

– Interferometric revisit down to 1 day

– Few minutes between two subsequent collections for motiondetection


Unique Strengths – The Constellation

Fast response

Large coverage

Accurate information

frequently updated

Fast large/long

area mapping

Track motion


Large coverage for seamless mosaicking

Sixteen days on a wide area


Italy Stripmap mosaic










Bkg mission australia stripmap full coverage


Bkg mission australia stripmap full coverage


One day on an extremely long area(low resolution)


NW passage one day (ASC) coverage withHuge Region ScanSAR mode


NW passage one day (DESC) coverage withHuge Region ScanSAR mode




Descending passMay 11 12:13 UTC


Ascending passMay 11 21:32 UTC


Tracking motion


July 25th to October 7th

COSMO SkyMed & MODISAll parts


03 September 2010 08:50 am


03 September 2010 09:08 am



Emergency response


Japan tsunami rapid responseand extended mapping

• 4 Descending HIMAGE strips

• Longest strip: 700 km (100 sec.)

• 2 Right looking - 2 Left looking

• Collected using all 4 satellites in one hour

• About twenty-four hours after tsunami


Japan tsunami flooded areas mapping

Visible water extent layer was extracted using

semi-automated tools developed by e-GEOS


Queensland flooding January 2011


Oil spill monitoring detection and monitoringclose to Astrolabe Reef

12 October 2011- 06.02UTC 13 October 2011- 18.09 UTC 14 October 2011- 18.09 UTC

16 October 2011- 05.20 UTC 16 October 2011- 18.15 UTC

Oil spill detected

Rena Vessel


MDA (Maritime Domain Awareness) Near Real Time integrated services


Cosmo MAPS in Bathurst


Maritime Domain AwarenessEnd to end operational service

e-GEOS operations are done on a continuous basis (24h/7d)

(**) The acquisition and processing timeframe depends on the geographical area and the ground stations network.

10 min. - 3 h (**) 15 min.

Acquisition

and

ProcessingSAR Data

LandMasking

ShipLocalization

WakeDetection

VisualInspection

Ship Detection

Standard

Product

SAR Wind & wave

extraction

In-Situ and

Space based

Data *

Acquisition

Data

Integration Delivery

• Web GIS

• Text report

• pdf report

• fax report

Weather / Ocean

DataAcquisition

* In-Situ Data (AIS, Sat AIS, Coastal Radar, VMS and LRIT)

5 min.

Oil slick Detection

Slick detection


Courtesy of Italian Coast Guard

AIS Med Portal



The Constellation interferometric revisit

(for each geometry i.e. pass, looking direction and beam)

CSK4180°

67.5°

CSK1

CSK2

CSK3

Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

CSK1 CSK1CSK3CSK2 CSK4

Actual configuration (4 satellites)


The famous Tucson aircraft cemetery….is not dead at all!

June

20, 2010

June 22

May 22

May 22 toJune 20

May 5 toMay 22

May 5 and June 20

May 5 toJune 20

May 5


COSMO change detection for port activity monitoring

Color key

20110629

20110630

20110703

20110629 - 20110630

20110629 - 20110703

20110630 - 20110703

All dates


The multi-temporal way to mapping


MTC Multi-Temporal Coherent Colour Composite

COHERENCE

First SAR IMAGEAmplitude

Second SAR IMAGEAmplitude


Single SAR image


COSMO MTC product for thematic mappingactivities


Summary table

• changes in soil roughness

• changes in soil humidity

• harvesting of cultures

RedLowLowHigh/medium

• natural vegetation (e.g. grass)

• trees (identified with texture)YellowLowHighHigh

• water bodiesDark grey/blackLowLowLow

• fast growing vegetation (agriculture)

• changes in soil roughness

• changes in soil humidity

GreenLowHighLow

• flat/rough bare soil

• Sealed flat surfaces (roads, flat rooftop,

airport runway)

Dark/light blueHighLow/mediumLow/medium

• Buildings (corners)

• Railways / power lines

• infrastructures

• Very rough bare soil

WhiteHighHighHigh

InterpretationExampleResulting colorCoherence2nd image

amplitude

1st image

amplitude

Notes & conditions:

• Short time interval between the two acquisitions (1-16 days)

• Roughness of bare soil influence brightness• Other parameters to be taken into account:

• texture• shape of object


MTC based change detection1. MTC image detail


MTC based change detection2. Land cover based on short term MTC


MTC based change detection3. Land cover changes based on long term MTC


Time series of coherence maps


Dataset

Cosmo-SkyMed

Stripmap mode

Incidence angle 40°

Ascending orbit

Right looking

Polarization: VV

Acquistion dates:

14/10/2010

30/10/2010

07/11/2010

15/11/2010

23/11/2010

02/12/2010

17/12/2010

02/01/2011

10/01/2011

26/01/2011

03/02/2011

19/02/2011Earthquake (21/02/2011)

23/02/2011

27/02/2011


Christchurch pre-seismic coherence03-19 March 2011


Christchurch co-seismic coherence19-23 March 2011


Christchurch pre-seismic coherence23-27 March 2011


Christchurch coherence time analysis

Pre-seismic cohe (3-19 Feb)

Co-seismic cohe (19-23 Feb)

Post-seismic cohe (23-27 Feb)

Low coherence only during

earthquake:

• Damages to buildings

• Terrain displacement

• Flooded areas (soil

liquefaction)


Disturbed terrain - Tracks


Qom:Spotlight-2 image (amplitude)


Qom: Spotlight-2 image (coherence)


Distrurbed terrain: tracks in the desert around Qom (Iran)


Off roading area


Roads (amplitude)26

01 / 2010 02 03 04 05 06 07 / 2010

1 Km 2


Roads (amplitude)03

01 / 2010 02 03 04 05 06 07 / 2010

Flat “persistent” track (visible on amplitude)

1 Km 2


Roads (coherence)0326

01 / 2010 02 03 04 05 06 07 / 2010

Temporary tracks detected on coherence

“meeting points”

1 Km 2


Roads03

01 / 2010 02 03 04 05 06 07 / 2010

Flat “permanent” track (visible on amplitude)

Temporary tracks detected on coherence

“meeting points”

1 Km 2


The use of Coherence analysis for intelligence

• Detect and monitor illegal activities along border or around

infrastructures

• Monitor illegal trafficking routes

• Monitoring for IED related activity (anomalous track)

• Demining activity: preliminary assessment of hazardous areas

(based both on human & animal tracks)


Key concepts

• Constellation (same orbit plane) frequent revisit (4 SAR

satellites):

– Several data take opportunities per day on a target

– Fast large area coverage

– Motion detection

• Constellation interferometric revisit:

– Very accurate and reliable change detection

– Use of short term changes and coherence for Thematic mapping

– Coherence time series for activity mapping / disturbed terrain analysis

– Complementarity between SAR based activity maps and optical images

– Very fast DIFSAR (PSInsar) data collection


The end


Additional slides


Optical – SAR (coherence) integrated analysisfor intelligence


Somali coast - Overview of the area

GeoEye image © 2010, distributed by e-GEOS


Detail on data – Cosmo Spotlight-2

Cosmo-SkyMed 2, 3

Spotlight 2 mode

Incidence angle 47.5°Ascending orbit

Right looking

Polarization: hh

Acquistion dates:

Feb. 15, 2010 CSK2

Feb. 16, 2010 CSK3


Bright point target map

CSK images, February 15-16, 2010

COSMO-SkyMed Spotlight 2

tandem pair

February 15-16, 2010

Feb. 15

Feb. 16

Feb 15 & 16


GeoEye detail

GeoEye image,February 10°, 2010



Bright point targets map



tandem pair


Feb. 15

Feb. 16

Feb 15 & 16




tandem pair


Amplitude Feb. 15

Amplitude Feb. 16

1 - coherence

Extracted from:

COSMO-SkyMed Spotlight 2 tandem pair


Areas with (changing) bright targets

and low coherence


More detail

GeoEye image,February 10, 2010



Images

GeoEye image, February 10, 2010

Hijacked ships


tandem pair


Amplitude Feb. 15

Amplitude Feb. 16

1 - coherence


Active areas analysis (and their links)

Extracted from:

COSMO-SkyMed Spotlight 2 tandem pair




and low coherence

Used tracks / road

Possible used tracks / roads

GeoEye image, February 10, 2010


Differential interferometry applications

Long term interferometric analysis (PS, PSP) for:

– Terrain stability monitoring

– Infrastructures deformation

– 3D city modelling


PSP-IFSAR Mean velocityCOSMO-SkyMed May 2008 – Jun 2010

LujiabangRoad

Xiaonanmen

Shanghai Underground – Line 9


LandslidesPS mean velocities 3D view

Railway


3D PS along a raiway bridge


The China World Trade CenterPS heights 3D view

Height (m)

0 - 10

90 - 110

110 - 200

> 200

30 - 50

50 - 70

70 - 90

10 - 30

Technology

Spatial@gov conference 2011 luca pietranera