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Presented by Gerald Mutinda at the Gender and Market Oriented Agriculture (AgriGender 2011) Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 31st January–2nd February 2011
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Stepping Out in the Right direction: Stepping Out in the Right direction: integrating Gender in EADDintegrating Gender in EADD
Presented by Presented by Gerald Mutinda–EADD, NairobiGerald Mutinda–EADD, Nairobi
Gender and Market Oriented Agriculture (AgriGender 2011) Gender and Market Oriented Agriculture (AgriGender 2011) WorkshopWorkshop
Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAddis Ababa, Ethiopia3131stst January–2 January–2ndnd February 2011 February 2011
OverviewOverviewBrief about EADD, Specific Gender issues & challenges faced
Gender Strategy- a highlight
Implementing the strategies
Key intermediary results & upcoming plans
Conclusions & lessons
EADD in briefEADD in brief
• A 4 (& ½) years smallholder dairy project• Vision-Double dairy income in 179,000
families • Knowledge based interventions to:• Sustainably increase dairy productivity &
efficiency• Expand dairy markets and increase access
• Through the dairy-hub approach• Countries; Kenya, Rwanda & Uganda• A consortium of partners led by Heifer
international- Technoserve, ILRI, ICRAF, ABS
Cornerstone of the project: the Cornerstone of the project: the hub approachhub approach
Specific Gender issues in the Specific Gender issues in the ProjectProject
A significant deficit; Gender not mainstreamed in design,
Weak Staff capacity & commitment on genderLow & passive participation of women in
DFBAsChilling plants less responsive to women’s
needs (payment modalities, control over milk, shares)
Intra-household dynamics- Assets control, norms workloads, access to trainings, credit, decision making
Strategies Employed Strategies Employed Baseline survey- identified key gender issues &
informed strategy:
Patterns of ownership-livestock & other assets; Electronic, communication, transport related, farm equipment and tools
Access to & use of general & livestock technologies-irrigation, improved breeding strategies-A.I. Expenditure on livestock services
Access to & use of other services (credit, training, membership in groups, investing credit to dairying, reasons not accessing credit)
Decision making patterns (e.g. use of A.I, sale of milk, dominance influence or joint,
Participation in milk markets & membership in Coops- proportion selling milk,
Who receives money from sale of milk- morning and evening milk, formal and traditional markets
Strategies Employed Strategies Employed A gender integration strategy
developed- based on baseline & other consultations; led to-;
Reforming project structure- gender focal points, gender working groups, hiring gender specialists
Training of staff on why gender matters & gender analysis
Targeting “traditional women groups” to expand their productivity and market access capacities.
Strategies Employed Strategies Employed Reforming frontline extension delivery
systems- more female trainers, gender sensitizing trainers
Attempts to incorporate gender actions in operating plans & budget
Review of project milestones- more gendered.
Exploiting national policies to stimulate change- the law on at least 30% women in leadership
Implementing the strategiesImplementing the strategiesSharing & popularizing the strategy to
project staff & partners (during trainings, meetings…)
Clear role and responsibilities outlined in the strategy, (for focal points, project managers…)
The strategy as a guide to deriving annual operating plans & budgeting, e.g. ◦Priority themes for 2011;
Sharpening capacity & attitude of staff to integrate gender
Rallying DFBAs/CPs to mainstream Gender in services Documenting results for learning & improved practice
ImplementationImplementationRecruiting more
females community based frontline extension workers,
Adopting national affirmative action policies- 30% women participation in leadership
Targeting more women as model farmers
Agnes Luweesi a model Fodder Farmer in Uganda trains a group of farmers on a study visit
Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of ResultsIncreased women
participation in leadership
Women in leadership positions increases-exceed targets! (Ken. 257%)
Yet women membership in DFBAs still low!(25% RW)
Subsequent marketing activities dominated by male farmers & entrepreneurs
ANALYSIS OF RESULTSANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Enhancing staff capacity & reforming structure Increasing sensitivity & accountability among staffVisibility of GFPs & GWGs- make recommendationsA nascent commitment in management
Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results
Promoting gender sensitive technologies-
Currently Biogas & Pulverizers been promoted.
Model farmer, Gideon Tanui (Kenya) using a pulverizer prepares fodder for dry spell
Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results
Targeting extension services to women
farmers
Couples encouraged to participate in learning trips and trainingsTraining & demonstrations localized in the villages, timings adjusted to accommodate women Deploying more females trainers, frontline extension workers (sensitized on gender concepts
Targeting women only dairy interest groups
Future plans to introduce- Household approach & village savings & loan association programs
Target Women farmers as model farmers (no. still low 26% in UGA)
Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results5. Challenges Qualitative data show less
progress in extending economic benefits to women (Mid-term evaluation July 2010),
Attributable to longstanding cultural & economic factors
Applying gender analysis to improve planning still a challenge.
Concealing anecdotal gender outcomes- how to capture low visibility yet sensible changes in gender relations?
TANGO international Evaluators conduct an FDG
with Female Farmers in Nyagatare Rwanda- July
2010
Conclusion & LessonsConclusion & LessonsOften gender aspects are noted in programs
& project proposals- lip service!But how to actually incorporate the concept
across all operational levels is more complex.
More effort is demanded to ensure required support is provided
With efforts even a design deficit (lack of inbuilt mainstreaming approach) can be mitigated.
Integration or mainstreaming= commitment matters!
LessonsLessonsA gender aware livestock project is not just a
technical project!- HH/community dynamics,
A Gender policy is a powerful stimulus for change
Women likely to curve new roles in the Traditional markets compared to CP hubs (a research question!)
Male farmers are interested in change, especially when it makes a business sense to HH wellbeing!
Thank You!