Technology Development at NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

www.nasa.gov

John W. Hines Chief Technologist

NASA-Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley... …Innova0on starts here August, 2012


www.nasa.gov

NASA-Ames Research Center

San Francisco Bay Area

CA, USA

in Silicon Valley... …Innova0on starts here

Stanford

Ames

NASA Ames:7 Decades of Innova3on

1940 Conical Camber

Li2ing Body

Swept-‐ Back/Wing

Transonic Flow

Flight Simulator

Hypervelocity Free Flight Arcjet Research

1960

Life Sciences Research

Viking

80x120 Wind Tunnel

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010+

CFD

Air TransportaRon

System

ER-‐2

Astrobiology NASA Research Park

One of the World’s Fastest OperaRonal Supercomputers

SOFIA

Kepler

LCROSS

1950

Flight Research

Blunt Body Concept

Pioneer

Pioneer Venus

Tiltrotor

Kuiper Observatory

X-‐36

Galileo

Nanotechnology

Lunar Prospector

NASA Lunar Science InsRtute

TekRtes Human Centered CompuRng

PhoneSat

OOREOS


www.nasa.gov

•   ISS •   Free Flyers •   Asteroids •   Moon •   Mars •   Beyond


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Space Missions Directorate

-Atmospheric Composition -Weather -Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems -Water & Energy Cycles -Climate Variability & Change -Earth Surface & Interior

•  Heliosphere •  Magnetospheres •  Space Environment •  Inner Solar System

•  Outer Solar System •  Small Bodies of the Solar System •  Mars Program Planning

Planets Around Other Stars The Big Bang Dark Energy, Dark Matter Stars Galaxies Black Holes

Discover how the universe works, explore how the universe began and developed into its present form, and search for Earth-like planets.

Understanding the Sun, Heliosphere, and Planetary Environments as a single connected system

To develop a scientific understanding of Earth's system and its response to natural or human-induced changes, and to improve prediction of climate, weather, and natural hazards.

Observation and discovery of our solar system’s planetary objects. …strategy based on progressing from flybys, to orbiting, to landing, to roving and finally to returning samples from planetary bodies


www.nasa.gov

Mars Science Laboratory

Kepler is a space observatory launched by NASA to discover Earth-‐like planets orbi3ng other stars. The spacecraE, named in honor of the 17th-‐century German astronomer Johannes Kepler,

Launch date: March 7, 2009 3:49 AM Orbit height: 92,955,807 miles (149,597,871 km) Speed on orbit: 3.661 miles/s (5.892 km/s) Cost: US$ 550 million Launch site: Cape Canaveral Air Force StaRon Launch Complex 17 Manufacturer: Ball Aerospace

Kepler Planet Count Confirmed Planets: 74 Planet Candidates: 2,321 Eclipsing Binary Stars: 2,165

Kepler Spacecraft

Photometer | The Kepler photometer is basically a Schmidt telescope design with a 0.95-‐meter aperture and a 105 square deg (about 12 degree diameter) field-‐of-‐view (FOV). It is pointed at and records data from just a single group of stars for the three and one-‐half or more year duraRon of the mission. The photometer is composed of just one "instrument," which is, an array of 42 CCDs (charge coupled devices). Each 50x25 mm CCD has 2200x1024 pixels.

hJp://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/


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Small Satellites

Synthetic Biology


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Innovation in Small Satellites •   Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) - Lunar Kinetic Impactor Mission to explore

the presence and nature of water ice on the Moon.

•   Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) - Will seek new information about the tenuous lunar atmosphere and dust environment.

•   Pharmasat - Fully-automated, miniaturized triple cubesat

spaceflight system for biological payloads.

•   IRIS will use a solar telescope and spectrograph to explore the solar chromospheres.

•   O/OREOS - studies how exposure to space changes organic molecules and biology.

GeneSat-‐1 PharmaSat-‐1

Nanosail-‐D O/OREOS

ISS National Laboratory – ISS Utilization

Platform-Agnostic Space Payloads


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European Space Agency Astronaut Thomas Reiter, Expedition 13 Flight Engineer, installing the EMCS facility into the EXPRESS Rack 3A.

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Multi-user EXPRESS Racks Middeck locker scale instruments in various research disciplines such as biotechnology and plant research

Sub-rack class payloads and facilities

CubeLab NanoLab

J. Robinson


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www.nasa.gov


www.nasa.gov

Standardized nanosat payloads

6U nanosat dispenser

Green propulsion

Comsat and ESPA CompaRble

Low-‐cost and versaRle plakorm

Modularity enables payload,

propulsion, and

launch flexibility.

Planetary Hitch Hiker


www.nasa.gov SOHO

Heliophysics Priorities

CINEMA

IRIS


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Innovative SmallSat Architectures


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•   Food Produc3on •   Biological-‐ISRU •   Advanced Sensors •   Advanced Materials •   Life support loop-‐closure

•   Space Medicine •   Life Detec3on •   Scien3fic Discovery

Vision: To harness biology in reliable, robust, engineered systems to support NASA’s explora<on and science missions, to improve life on Earth, and to help shape NASA’s future


www.nasa.gov

Innovation in Science

Sensors and Instruments

Synthetic Biology and Other Biological Applications And Technologies

UAVs and other Platforms to study storms and fires


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Innovation in Aeronautics

Hybrid Rockets Airships

Biomass energy for fuel

Advanced aircraft concepts

Fuel Cells


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Innovation in Technology

Exploration Technologies

Supercomputing

Visualization

Human-Machine Interfaces

Re-entry Technologies

•  Extends the reach of the Earth’s Internet across the solar system via “Disrup0on Tolerant Networking” (DTN) communica0ons protocols

•  Layered open architecture supports evolu0on and interna0onal interoperability

Solar System Internet


www.nasa.gov

Possible Areas of Future Activities

Characteristics: * •  Anticipatory (ability to anticipate future events on basis of current data) •  Collaborative (ability to cooperate with other systems) •  Curious (motivation to explore, investigate, and discover) •  Self-modeling (ability to reason about its own changing status) •  Adaptive (functionality change over time to meet changing needs) •  Self-Repairing (ability to reconfigure and/or repair itself autonomously) •  Biologically-inspired sensor fusion & sensory-guided motor control •  Portability (ability to be effortlessly mobile with no compromise of function)”


www.nasa.gov


www.nasa.gov OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST www.nasa.gov/oct OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST www.nasa.gov/oct

Space Technology Grand Challenges

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Space Technology Grand Challenges: a set of important space-‐related problems that must be solved to efficiently and economically achieve our missions.

We will use the Space Technology Grand Challenges with the Space Technology Roadmaps to priori3ze our technology por[olio with an eye towards the Agency’s future.

More InformaRon at hlp://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/strategic_integraRon/grand_challenges_detail.html

Technology and InnovaRon Strategy … Addressing Global Needs

DoD, Other Gov, InternaRonal

Commercial, Entrepreneural

Space Industry; Academia

NASA Missions

Space Research,

Development, And

ExploraRon

Technology And Economic

CompeRRveness

NaRonal Defense And

Security SoluRon Space

Robust Aerospace Industry & CompeRRve Advantage

Spin-‐off Technologies for Non-‐Space ApplicaRons


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Innovation in Outreach and Education

Instituting Science in Schools, Chabot Science Center

Yuri’s Night Education Day

Exploration Day at Ames


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Thanx for your attention!


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www.nasa.gov http://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/home/index.html


www.nasa.gov 5

OCT - Complete Technology Maturation Pipeline

•   Space Technology Research Grants

•   NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC)

•   Center Innovation Fund

•   Centennial Challenges Prize

•   Small Business Innovation Research & Small Business Technology Transfer (SBIR/STTR)

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST

•   Game Changing Development

•   Franklin Small Satellite Subsystem Technologies

www.nasa.gov/oct

•   Flight Opportunities

•   Technology Demonstration Missions

•   Edison Small Satellite Demonstration Missions


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NASA SPACE TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP TECHNICAL AREA BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

Big Nine Projects

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www.nasa.gov

ARC Technology Expertise

Areas

Small Spacecra2 Systems and Technologies Biological

Technologies and ApplicaRons

Space and Earth Science and Space Physics

Technologies and ApplicaRons

Human and RoboRc

ExploraRon Technologies

InformaRon Systems, ComputaRon,

CommunicaRons, and Intelligent Systems Hypersonics, EDL

Technologies

Sensors, Instruments, Devices,Materials ,

Photonics, OpRcs, Imaging

Nano-‐ and Micro-‐ Technologies and

Systems

Sustainable and Sustaining

Technologies

NASA Missions

STEM Commercial,

Entrepreneurial Space

National Interests

AeronauRcs


www.nasa.gov

Active Initiatives 1. Small Spacecraft and Missions Enterprise (SSME) 2. Biological Technologies for Life Beyond Low Earth

Orbit (BT4LBLEO) 3. Science Instruments for Small Missions (SISM) 4. Advanced Digital Materials and Manufacturing for Space

(ADMMS) 5. Designing High-Confidence Software and Systems (DHCSS) 6. Cyber-Physical Systems Modeling and Analysis (CPSMA)

Other Suggested Initiatives 1. First Responder, Emergency, and Diasaster Assistance

(FREDA) 2. Emerging Aeronautics Systems and Technologies (EAST) 3. GREEN Technologies (Technologies for Sustainability)

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