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An overview of some issues around the design and future of library catalogs in a network environment.
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The network rewrites the catalog
Lorcan Dempsey
University of VirginiaLibraries
April 26 2007
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Overview
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3
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The network rewrites behaviors
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Workflow Attention Gravity: the long tail
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~18 months oldNo FaceBook, MySpaceLibrary?
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University of Minnesotahttp://www.lib.umn.edu/about/mellon/KM%20JStor%20Presentation.pps
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Chris Beckett http://www.scholinfo.com/presentations/2006/8/10/the-new-world-order-in-collection-development-the-commercial-perspective.html
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Database > website >
workflow
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Prefabricated (e.g. CMS)
Self assembled digital identity
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•Get into the flow•Disclose into other environments
Now: The library must build its services around user workflow
Then: The user built workflow around the library
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•Competition for attention
Now: Attention scarce, resources abundant
Then: Resources scarce, attention abundant
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The long tail: manage attention?
Impact?
Systemwide efficiences
Aggregation of supply•Unified discovery•Low transaction costs
Aggregation of demand•Mobilize users•Brand
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A webscale library experience
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A library experience which matches the experience of the web?
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns: a rich texture of suggestion (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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high low
low
high
stewardship
uni
que
ne
ssBooksJournalsNewspapersGov. docsCD, DVDMapsScores
Special collectionsRare booksLocal/Historical newspapersLocal history materialsArchives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations
Research and learning materials •ePrints/tech reports•Learning objects•Courseware•E-portfolios•Research data
Freely-accessible web resourcesOpen source softwareNewsgroup archives
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Print Licensed Digital Research&
learningoutputs
…
Catalog MetasearchResolver
Repositories …
Repositories …ILS ERMKnowledgebase
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…
Management environment
User environment
Switch: delivery, routing, resolution
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?
Primo, Encore, …. Metasearch? Local loading Google scholar, Scopus, Worldcat, ….
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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libraryConsumer environmentsManagement environment
Licensed
Bought
Faculty&students
Digitized AggregationsResource sharing
…
Institutional WorkflowPortals, CMS, IR, …
PersonalWorkflowRSS, toolbars, ..
Network level workflowGoogle, …
Integratedlocal user environment?Library web presenceResource sharing, …
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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University of Washington on WorldCat.org (screen shot)
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Holdings: Local, Group, Global
Summit collections
Univ Washington collections
WorldCat
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Detailed record – item held by UW
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Personal and social
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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Detailed record – request item
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Request handled locally
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Item not held by UWor Summit
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Article citations
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Article citations
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns: a texture of suggestion (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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‘Expert’ Programmatic ‘Crowdsourced’ Use (intention/attention)
Social network?
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?
Comprehensive: unified discovery: its all there (e.g. Google, Amazon)
In the flow: disclosed into research and learning workflows (toolbars, apis, …)
Telescopic: a personal to global traverse (e.g. delicious)
Low transaction costs: A short path between discovery and fulfilment (e.g iTunes, Google, Amazon, ..)
Network: navigable knowledge patterns (e.g. ….)
Reflexive: adapt based on aggregate intention/attention (e.g. page rank, people who read this, personalize, ..)
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Some current catalogresponses
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Local Discovery Environments Shared Discovery Environments Syndicated Discovery Environments Leveraged Discovery Environments
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Local Discovery environment
Some (not necessarily aligned) motivations Make data work harder Integrate access to locally managed resources Escape from ILS limitations
NCSU Rochester SOLR Worldcat 2.0 Primo Encore …
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Shared discovery environment
Increase impact Create gravitational pull Aggregate demand and supply
Reduce costs
Summit OhioLink Libraries Australia ….
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Some comments
Integration of discovery to delivery becoming essential
A move to shared environments seems more likely with increased ability to ‘view’ different levels
Increased gravitational pull: greater use of collections Growing evidence
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Syndicated discovery experience
Syndicate data or service or links
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Some remarks
Syndication of data now common among data providers
Routing issue for non-unique materials Resolution services Worldcat and other union catalogs
Libraries exposing licensed content holdings interesting Google Scholar
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Service disclosure of growing importance APIs Web services Portlets HTML fragments – ‘search boxes’ Toolbars Widgets, extensions, … RSS Interesting project: Sakaibrary
Slower to develop than expected?
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The Leveraged discovery experience
In some ways the most interesting Use another discovery service to connect back to
your resources Compare to the situation with article databases
and resolvers
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Some remarks
Some of these are toy-like now, but indicate a direction
Increased capacity to ‘sense’ structure (microformats) will improve ability.
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