The path towards pervasive computing

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The Path Towards Pervasive Computing

A Network ApproachMichel Burger

Embrace Networks

February 14th, 2002

©2001, Embrace Networks Page 2 Michel Burger [email protected]

Michel Burger [email protected]

Pervasive computing definitions Stages for pervasive computing Emergence and convergence Multiple devices to collection of

devices The user redefined Evolution of a web system Conclusion

Agenda



Pre-web definition (before 1997-98) Numerous, casually accessible, often invisible computing

devices

Frequently mobile or imbedded in the environment

Connected to an increasingly ubiquitous network structure

Post-web definition Numerous, casually accessible, often invisible network

access devices (dumb or smart)

User as a network component accessible from anywhere

Instant or casual access to network services delivered by a smart network

Industry specific definitions For wireless people everything is wireless

For communication people everything is about communication

Tailored and non holistic view of pervasive computing

Definitions of pervasive computing



Mainframe eramany share a computer

Internet - Widespread Distributed Computinga transition

Ubiquitous Computingmany computers share each of us

PC eraone computer, one person

The Internet and the Web are not just a transition to the next era but a complete

transformation of how computing and network services are perceived and used

Example: 1994 Ubiquitous Computing



Multi Channel Deliverymany Devices, many Contexts (one per channel)

Cross Channel Deliverymany Devices, one Context (available to all channels)

Impromptu Networking any Devices, one Context as an Aggregation of many

Services

Three stages of pervasive computing



The devices Small and/or smart devices

The networks Connection everywhere Many levels of networking: fixed (home, enterprise and wide) and

wireless (close, medium and far) The application infrastructure

Frameworks for distributed computing

Frameworks for cross channel delivery

Service proliferation with programmatic interfaces (XML, and objects)

The user experience PC has been well accepted

Wireless devices are being accepted

Emergence of network and interactive TV

Emergence of voice recognition as a network serviceThe web was the convergence of graphical user interface, simple network protocol HTTP, and

simplified version of a formalization of document structure HTML

Emergence and convergence



Many different and unrelated contexts

Now

A single context using the most appropriate channels for the most

appropriate experience

Future

From multi-channel to cross-channel



Device come and go

expansionreduction

Access to the context is dynamic

transition

Devices act as bridge between contexts



NetworksUser in context Devices

Today access is channel specific

For each serviceFor each user experience

Services



Virtual Identity Virtual Identity

User

A Service Level Agreement that defines the best devices for the best

experience

Services

Trust Level Agreement &Service Level

Agreement

Tomorrow access is in two steps



yesterday

Client

Web Server

Evolution of a web system - I



Rendering Server

Transaction Server

today

Client

Evolution of a web system - II

yesterday

Client

Web Server



Independence of development between the business logic and the rendering

Simplification of the state machines

More dynamic content as an aggregation of the business logic and rendering

operationsProfiling and advertisement added at the rendering level

Scalable solution

Invisible revolution for the end user

Evolution of a web system - II

Rendering Server

Transaction Server

today

Client

yesterday

Client

Web Server



emerging

Context Server

Transaction Server

Real time

interaction Server

Transaction Server

Client Client Client

Client

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

User Server

Evolution of a web system - III

Rendering Server

Transaction Server

today

Client

yesterday

Client

Web Server



emerging

Context Server

Transaction Server

Real time

interaction Server

Transaction Server


Client

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

User Server

Evolution of a web system - III

Multi channel to cross channel transition

Notion of user based services Calendar, address book,

wallet… Experience profiling, Unbranded network service

profiling

Projection of the user at the network level for permanent presence

New business creation: User Service Provider



User User services

Web service experienceWeb service

profiling

VirtualIdentities

Trust levelagreementPresence

management

Device experience

Experience profiling

Device registration

Device input(localization, mood….)

Useridentification &authentication

Wallet

Shoppingcart

AddressBook

Calendar

Buddy listShared

files

List ofreference

Decisionmaker

Brand/Look&Feelaggregation

The user component details



User Server


Client

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

tomorrow

ServiceService

Type: transactional

interactive media

informative

emerging

Context Server

Transaction Server

Real time

interaction Server

Transaction Server

User Server


Client

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Evolution of a web system - IV

Context Server

Context Server



Dynamic system (impromptu networking) transition

Dynamic aggregation of services and users initiated by the users, the context or the services

From a context point of view leverage the users and the

services The solution are inherently multi- services and multi-users

The network becomes a place to deal with services and to meet people

New business creation: Context Service Provider

or (Abstract Estate Provider)

Evolution of a web system - IV

User Server


Client

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

Rendering Server

ServiceService

Type: transactional

interactive media

informative

Context Server

Context Server

tomorrow



Pervasive computing leads to the creation of an Abstract Reality made of Actors, Contexts and Channels: Actors are producers, consumers or manipulators and represent the Services or the Users Channels are the links between the abstract and physical reality and represent the Devices Contexts are what is known at any point of time about the actors, the channels and the relationships between them

Conclusion



Questions ?



Background Slides



Privateinterface

Look Upor

Registry(UDDI)

Transaction

Server

Web service

Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP

RenderingServer

Transaction Server

Client

Web Service Evolution I



RenderingServer

TransactionServer

Client

Look Up/

Registry(UDDI)

Transaction

Server

Web service


Look up/

Registry

Web service

Public interface

Programmatic Brand/look&feel

FeatureLevel

agreement(FLA)

Ontology

Mediator

Contentsemantic

description

ExampleGlobalization

ontology

Web Service Evolution II



Look up/

Registry

Web service


WebService

WebService

Context Server

Look up/

Registry

WebService

Web service interface or proxy implementing the interface is added to the context

Public interface to dynamically add and remove web services

Public interface (WSDL using SOAP)

Web Service Evolution III



Aggregator in/out

Filter in/out

Transcoder in/out

Producer

ProducerProducerProducerProducerProducer

Filter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/out

Transcoder in/out

Transcoder in/out

Transcoder in/out

Transcoder in/out

Transcoder in/out

Aggregator in/out

Aggregator in/out

Aggregator in/out

Aggregator in/out

Aggregator in/out

ControlContent

Legend

A web service as a combination zero or more of each of the

canonical elements and zero or more web services

0-n 0-n

0-n 0-n

Web serviceWeb serviceWeb serviceWeb serviceWeb service

0-n

Web service

Canonical elements

Web service canonical form



Java+JiniJava VMJava RMI

SimulationsConstraintsKnowledgeGenetics Search

Influences:

Actors / Hewitt

SmallTalk VM

Oberon / Wirth

Xerox / Cedar

Miror World’s / Gelertner

Santa Fe Inst. / Holland

DBMS

SpreadsheetWord Processor

Disk OS’s

Device Drivers(disk, tape, serial)

From 1950’s

Disk-Centric Computing

DBMSSpreadsheet

Word Processor

Device Drivers(disk, tape, serial)

TelnetFTP … ServicesHTTPSMTP

TCP / IP

Network Devices(3Com, Cisco, ...)

From 1980’s

Net-Centric Computing

TelnetFTP … Services

HTTPSMTP

Network Devices(3Com, Cisco,...)

Business Logic

Non-Imperative

Logistics

Objects + Agents

Devices / Basic Services(implemented as

objects)

Emerging now

Object-centric Computing

Business LogicNon-Imperative

Logistics

Devices/Basic Services

(implemented as objects)

Evolution of the computing model

Technology

The path towards pervasive computing