Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Think Visibility 2009 - Accessibility and Disability - A History of Innovation, Artur Ortega, Yahoo! Think Visibility 2009 http://www.thinkvisibility.com/ There is a lot of talking about making our content visible and to increase our audience. But we usually forget that SEO is only a way to make our content accessible to a search engine who is blind and deaf. Search engines can't see our images only their associated descriptions, they don't understand audio and they can't watch videos. They need caption and description of audio and video. In my talk I took a step back and looked how accessibility and disability contributed to innovation and how a change of thinking made products accessible and of general use for everyone - especially in our offices.
Citation preview
1
Accessibility and DisabilityA History of Innovation
Artur Ortega
September 2009
Think Visibility
2
The Office of Today
3
Keyboard
4
Keyboard
- Pellegrino Turri di Castelnuovo,
Countess Carolina Vantoni
- Precursor to the typewriter
5
Keyboard
- 1960
- Picture based keyboards
- Today: McDonald’s
6
Printer
7
Printer
- Pellegrino Turri di
Castelnuovo
- Printer
- Ink: Tracing paper coated
with coal dust
8
Scanner
9
Scanner & OCR
- 1975
- Ray Kurzweil
- Reading Machine
- Flatbed scanner and OCR
technology
10
Telephone
11
Telephone
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Hearing devices
- U.S. patent on
telephone
12
Telephone
- 1990
- ADA
- Accessible phones
13
Telephone
- 1998
- Loopset
14
Radio
15
Radio
- Transistor
- Graham Bell and Laboratory
- Hearing Aids
- Sony: Transistor radio
16
Radio
- Spectrogram
- Graham Bell Laboratory
- Making speech visible
17
CPU
18
Binary Code
- 1821
- Louis Braille six dot code
- Binary code, character set
19
Punchcards
- 1876
- Herman Hollerith
- Punched cards
- Tabulating machine
20
PDA
- 1987
-Deane Blazie
-Braille 'n Speak
21
Microphone
22
Microphone
- 1917
- E.C. Wente of Bell
Laboratories
- Condenser microphone
23
Speech Recognition
- 1952
- Davis, Biddulph and Balashek of
Bell Laboratories
- Ten digits: 97 percent accuracy
- Today: Dragon NaturallySpeaking
24
Headphones
25
Talking books
- 1932
- American Foundation for
the blind
- Durable long playing
record
- Today: Audio books
26
Voice Indexing
A Guide for Handicapped Visitors”
-Today: Apple iPod shuffle
-1980
-Talking book “Access to National Parks:
27
Speech synthesiser
- 1936
- H.W. Dudley of Bell Laboratories
- Artificial talking machine
- “Voice coder“: "Voder“
28
Applications
29
Subtitling
-1960
-Pilgrim Imaging
-Captioned Films for the Deaf Program
-Today: BBC subtitles 100%
30
Teletype machine
- 1964
- Marsters and Weitchrecht
- Teletype machine attached to
the telephone system
- Today: Internet chat and Instant Messaging
31
"I have spent, as you can imagine, a fair
chunk of my time trying to persuade people with hearing impairments to make use of electronic mail because I found it so powerful myself.“
-1972
-Vint Cerf
-protocols for the ARPANET
32
The Office of the Future
Accessibility and Disability
The Future of Innovation
33
“The origins of such technological staples as public address systems, text messaging and even the
Internet itself can be traced to innovative accommodations to people with disabilities. This
phenomenon is the basis for a growing awareness among engineers, architects and product
developers of the significance of universal design in our physical and electronic environments.”
- Deborah Kendrick, Cincinnati Inquirer
34
35
Artur Ortega
Accessibility Evangelist Yahoo! Europe Ltd125 Shaftesbury Avenue
London WC2H 8AD United Kingdom
![Os Noivos, de Artur Azevedoobjdigital.bn.br/Acervo_Digital/Livros_eletronicos/Os Noivos.pdf · Os Noivos, de Artur Azevedo Fonte: AZEVEDO, Artur. Teatro de Artur Azevedo. [s.l.] :](https://img.pdfslide.net/doc/110x75/5c43fb5493f3c34c4b2728ca/os-noivos-de-artur-noivospdf-os-noivos-de-artur-azevedo-fonte-azevedo-artur.jpg)
