A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.u k www.bath.ac.u k UKOLN is supported by: The Tools of our Trade: AACR2/RDA and MARC Guest lecture at London Metropolitan University 15 th March 2010 Ann Chapman Community and Outreach Team
Guest lecture on cataloguing standards (RDA, MARC) for cataloguing module at London Metropolitan University.
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1.UKOLN is supportedby: The Tools of our Trade: AACR2/RDA and
MARC Guest lecture at London Metropolitan University 15 thMarch
2010 Ann Chapman Community and Outreach Team
2. What are our Tools?
AACR/RDA= content standard for resource description and
access
MARC= communication and exchange format providing a structure
for encoding the content of bibliographic and authority data
Related to:
ISBD= rules that organise the display of a bibliographic
description of an item in a catalogue
FRBR= a entity-relational model of the data required to find,
identify, select and obtain resources
3. ISBDs
International Standard Bibliographic Descriptions
Developed 1969 onwards by IFLA
Defined seven areas of description and their order
D: Record syntaxes for descriptive data (ISBD, M21, DC)
E: Record syntaxes for access point control data
F: Additional instructions on names of persons
G: Titles of nobility, rank, etc.
H: Conversion of dates to Gregorian calendar
J, K, L, M: Relationship designators
Glossary
Index
20. Using RDA
Analyse the resource being described
What is the content type?
Held in what carrier form?
To what other resources is it related?
To which persons, families or corporate bodies is it
related?
To what concepts, events and places is it related?
21. One rule for all
Mostly:
Rules apply to all content types
Rules apply to all media types
With
Examples of application to specific content and media
Occasionally:
Rules apply to specific materials or contents (e.g. treaties,
religious texts, music)
22. Words, words, words
Can look opaque or going round in circles
Trying to avoid reference to specific content and carriers
Hope to improve wording over time
Use as the preferredsource of informationa source forming part
of theresourceitself that is appropriate to (a) the type of
description and (b) the presentation format of theresource .
Meanspreferredsource of informationmay vary according to:
Comprehensive or analytical description
Multiple pieces, early print, moving images, or all other
materials
23. RDA What will it be?
Online resource (full text)
Free open access June to 31 Aug. 2010
Free month trial (not confirmed)
US $325 for first user (sliding scale multiple users)
http://www.rda-jsc.org/rdapricing.html
Library schools likely different but not decided
Potentially:
Concise text
Tailored texts (law, music, serials, etc.)
Training resource
Incorporation into LMS cataloguing modules
24. RDA and beyond
RDA aims to be:
Independent of communication formats
UNIMARC, MARC, MARCXML, MODS/MADS
DC, EAD, ISBD, VRA, MPEG7
Compatible / better aligned with other similar standards
Archives: ISAD(G)
Museums: Cataloging Cultural Objects
25. RDA and MARC
Mapping RDA and MARC 21
Report issued in Nov. 2006; various proposals subsequently go
through MARBI process
How will RDA impact on MARC 21?
Some new fields / subfields are being defined
How will MARC 21 impact on RDA?
Data provisions in MARC 21 not covered in current draft of
RDA
26. MARC 1960s
Library of Congress project
Database of catalogue records
Production of catalogue cards
US & UK versions
Reflected differing cataloguing practices
Developed in parallel but not identical ways
27. MARC 1970s
Variant formats developed
Based on either US or UK formats (AUSMARC, DANMARC, KORMARC,
etc.)
USMARC developed 8 material formats (Books, Serials, Maps,
etc.)
UNIMARC developed in 1977 by IFLA
Intended as exchange format
Used as the Bib format in some countries (e.g. France)
28. MARC Recent changes
Expansion of USMARC to a family of formats
Bibliographic, Holdings, Authority, Classification, Community
Information
Integration of USMARC bibliographic format
Previous 8 formats integrated
Widespread adoption of MARC 21
Some countries simply adopt USMARC
1997 USMARC & CANMARC become MARC 21
2003/4 MARC 21 enhanced by UK proposals; British Library adopts
MARC 21
2006/7 MARC 21 enhanced by German proposals: this will enable
libraries to move from MAB to MARC 21
29. MARC Structure
Leader
0xx control numbers, coded data
1xx primary access point
2xx description, GMD, edition, publication
3xx physical description
4xx series
5xx notes
6xx subject access points
7xx additional access points
8xx series added entries
9xx local fields
30. Maintaining MARC 21
Twice yearly MARBI meetings
Discussion papers
Proposals
UK and MARC 21
BIC Bibliographic Standards Group
[email_address]
http://www.bic.org.uk/16/Bibliographic-Standards/
31. Some MARC changes for RDA
New fields
336 Content Type (Bib, Auth)
337 Media Type (Bib, Holdings)
338 Carrier Type (Bib, Holdings)
370 to 377 (Auth) (e.g. field of activity, occupation, gender,
family information, associated language)
New codes
New codes in 007 (Bib, Holdings)
New codes in 008 (Bib)
See more detail at:
http://www.loc.gov/marc/formatchanges-RDA.html
32. MARC and XML
MARC has alpha-numeric 3-digit tags
100.1 Personal Name
245 $a Title $b Subtitle
XML has element labels
33. Looking into the crystal ball
FRBR
Potential influence on cataloguing systems
Authority records, uniform titles, work records
OPACs
Multiple interfaces for different audiences
More flexible search interfaces and displays
Enhance for accessibility - supports all users
Links (actual resources, restrictions, supporting or associated
resources)
RDA
Potential use outside the library domain
34. Contact details
Ann Chapman
UKOLN
University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY
[email_address]
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/bib-man/
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ukoln/staff/a.chapman/
35. Creative Commons Licence
This licence allows the slides to be reused and, if necessary,
modified for non-commercial use provided acknowledgements are given
to Ann Chapman and UKOLN and the same licence is used for such
modified resources.