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The Visual Elements (2)
ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE
• A means of rendering three-dimensional objects without reliance on vanishing points or converging lines; scale of objects remains the same regardless of the distance from the foreground and background.
Isometric Perspective.
Indicating Time in Art
• Dimensions of Time– Key terms:
• Chronology• Narrative• Duration• Tempo• Scope• Sequence
Indicating Time in Art
• Actual Time• Implied Time• Recorded Time
KINETIC ART
• Artifacts that are designed to move.
VALUE
• Highlights• Shadow• Contrast
VALUE
• The relative degree of light or dark.
CONTRAST
• The degree of value difference in an image; high contrast is a wide separation between dark and light; low contrast is a narrow range of values in an image.
HUE
• A name of a color family or an area on the color wheel.
White Light Refracted by a Prism.
SUBTRACTIVE COLOR PROCESS
• The mixing of pigments and dyes so that all colors of light except the color are absorbed (subtracted).
Pigment Primaries: Subtractive color mixture.
ADDITIVE COLOR PROCESS
• The mixing of colored lights so that they shine on a surface, they combine (add) to make other colors.
PRIMARY COLORS
• In a color system, the basic colors that cannot be broken down into other colors and that can be combined to create other colors.
Hue – the color wheel.
SECONDARY COLORS
• The product of mixing two primary colors.
TERTIARY COLORS
• The products of mixing a primary and secondary color.
Hue – the color wheel.
KEY
• Used synonymously with value. In a scale of values, high-key colors are lighter than colors in the middle of the scale; low-key colors are darker than the colors in the middle of the scale.
TONE
• A color that has gray added to it.
TINT
• A color that has white added to it.
SHADE
• A color that has black added to it.
INTENSITY, SATURATION
• The strength or weakness of a color.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: yellow.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: magenta.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: yellow and magenta.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: cyan.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: yellow, magenta, and cyan.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: black.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486.Color Printing: yellow, magenta, cyan, and black.
Sandro Botticelli. Detail of Birth of Venus. 1486. Color printing detail.
OPTICAL COLOR MIXING
• Placement of different colors in such a way that the human eye mixes them to form new colors.
Color Schemes
• Monochromatic, Analogous, and Complementary
• Triads, Tetrads, and Hexads• Warm and Cool
Colors• Earth Tones• Polychromatic
Schemes
MONOCHROMATIC COLOR SCHEME
• Variations in color based on one hue.
ANALOGOUS COLOR SCHEME
• Variations in color between hues adjacent to one another on the color wheel.
COMPLIMENTARY COLOR SCHEME
• Variations in color based on colors opposite each other on the color wheel.
TRIAD
• Three colors that are equidistant from one another (form an equilateral triangle) on the color wheel.
TETRAD
• Four colors that are equidistant from one another (form a square or rectangle) on the color wheel.
HEXAD
• Six colors obtained by choosing every other color on the color wheel.
SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST
• An effect achieved by placing highly contrasting colors (complements), values, and intensities next to each other.
Polychromatic Color Scheme
• Having many colors; random or intuitive use of color combinations as opposed to color selection based on a specific color scheme.
Earth Tones
Analysis:
• Color temperature• Color Scheme• Key• Mood
TEXTURE
• Actual Texture• Implied Texture
– Visual texture: an illusion of tactile qualities
• Invented Texture
TEXTURE
• ACTUAL TEXTURE: The tactile quality of the material used to make an artifact.
• IMPLIED TEXTURE:• The tactile quality of
elements in an artifact rendered in a way that gives the impression of texture.
