VMware vSphere

© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

VMware vSphere

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Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.

Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

05. Virtual Machine Management

15. Update Manager

16. Host Profiles / Auto Deploy

17. Profile Driven Storage

18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter

04. vSphere Client / Web Client

06. Networking

07. vStorage

08. vMotion / Storage vMotion

09. High Availability

10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念

虛擬化前:

每台主機一個操作系統

軟體硬體緊密地結合

在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會遭遇衝突

未充分利用系統的資源

硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活

虛擬化後:

打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性 (Breaking Hardware/OS dependency)

透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術, 管理操作系統和應用程式化成單一的個體

(Encapsulation)

強大的故障和安全隔離 (Isolation)

虛擬機是硬體獨立的, 它們能在任何硬體上運行 (Hardware independent)

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VMware 虛擬科技: 三大特性

獨立性 •能於一台硬體上執行多個

不同的操作系統

•充分利用硬體資源

•支援叢集 (clustering) 的技術

封裝性 •每一虛擬機器的主機跟運作狀態都是以一個檔案代表, 提高可攜

性

•能將虛擬機器的運作狀態儲存

分隔性 •每個虛擬機器的運作是獨立進

行, 不受其它虛擬機器影響

•能夠動態調配虛擬機器的中央處理器 (CPU), 記憶體

(Memory), 儲存硬碟 (Disk), 及網絡(Network) 等等資源

•確保服務品質承諾 (SLA)

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Native vs. Hosted Virtualization

Native Hosted Device support is inherited from host

operating system for maximum

hardware compatibility

Virtualization installs like an

application rather than like an

operating system

Can run alongside conventional

applications

Maximum performance with lowest overhead

using certified hardware

Highly efficient direct I/O pass-through

architecture for network and disk

Highly secure micro-kernel virtualization

layer—

only 100Ks of lines of code versus 10–25

million lines of host operating system code

Advanced features like VMotion available

(ESX Server) (Workstation, ACE & GSX Server)

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Virtualization Overview

Hypervisor

• Partitions computing resources of a server

for multiple VMs

• Hypervisors alone lack coordination for

higher availability and efficiency

VMware vSphere

• VMware vSphere goes beyond basic host

partitioning by aggregating infrastructure

resources into a giant virtual computer

• Serves as a dynamic OS for a private

internal cloud in your datacenter

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8

vSphere Components

• vSphere is a distributed software

system with features enabled by

a management server and

hypervisor working together

• VMware vCenter Server is the

management server and cluster

coordinator (1 instance required)

• VMware ESXi is the hypervisor

software running on each host (1

instance per server required)

VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi

vSphere editions are the licensed features enabled by

vCenter Server working with ESXi

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NIC Teaming,

Multipathing

VMware Fault Tolerance,

High Availability,

DRS Maintenance Mode,

VMotion

Storage

VMotion

Site

Recovery

Manager

Component

元件

Server

主機

Storage

存儲設備

Data

資料

Site

機房中心

VMware Data Recovery, Clone , Snapshot

VMware Ready Data Protection solutions

from third-party partners

• 計劃性停機

• 非計劃性停機

VMware 提供不同情境的備份備援機制

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38%

43%

53%

25% 25%

18%

% of Workload Instances Running on VMware in Customer Base

MS

Exchange

MS

SQL

MS

SharePoint

Oracle

Middleware

Oracle

DB SAP

Source: VMware customer survey, Jan 2010 and April 2011 interim results,

Data: Total number of instances of that workload deployed in your organization and the percentage of those instances that are virtualized

Jan

2010

雲端作業系統已經慢慢成為重要業務系統的基礎架構

Apr

2011

42%

47%

67%

34% 28% 28%

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雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服

IOPS

Network

Memory

CPU

VMware vSphere4

300,000

30

256

8

VMware Inf. 3

100,000

9

64

4

VMware vSphere 5

1,000,000

>36

1,000

32

ESX 2

7,000

.9

3.6

2

ESX 1

<5,000

<.5

2

1 (VCPUs)

(Gb/s)

(GB per VM)

4x

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vSphere 5 Kits and Editions

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VMware vSphere Essentials Kits for Small Business

vSphere 5 Essentials For smaller environments

Essentials Essentials +

1 Make better use of existing infrastructure

2 Save time in managing infrastructure with

vCenter central management

3 Improve application availability with

• vMotion (no planned downtime)

• High Availability (business continuity)

4 Protect business data with VMware Data

Recovery

Benefits

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VMware vSphere Enterprise Editions

vSphere 5 Editions For larger environments

Standard Enterprise Enterprise +

1

Consolidation and Availability

Convert Physical System to Virtual Machines,

Leverage Live Migration (vMotion), and Enable

High Availability (HA)

2 Continuous Availability

Fault Tolerance (FT) for Applications

3

Automated Resource Management

Deliver Load Balancing (DRS), Power

Management (DPM), and Live Storage Migration

(Storage vMotion) without Manual Intervention

4

Simplified Operations

Advanced Networking (Distributed Network

Switch, I/0 Control), Advanced Storage (Storage

DRS, Profile-Driven Storage) and Host

Deployment/Configuration (Auto Deploy,

Host Profiles) for More OPEX Savings

Benefits

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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VMware vSphere Components

ESXi Host

• Hypervisor running VMs

• Organized into clusters

• Accesses shared storage datastores

ESXi Host

Datastores

―Cluster‖

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ESXi Hardware Requirements

Supported server platform. For a list of supported platforms, see the

VMware Compatibility Guide at ：

http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

■ ESXi 5.0 will install and run only on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs.

■ ESXi 5.0 requires a host machine with at least two cores.

■ Known 64-bit processors ：

■ All AMD Opteron processors.

■ All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400,

5500/5600, 7100/7300, 7200/7400, and 7500 processors

■ 2GB RAM minimum.

■ One or more Gigabit or 10Gb Ethernet controllers.

http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility

http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility

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New for ESXi 5.0

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How to Upgrade

1. Upgrade to vCenter Server 5.0

2. Upgrade to Update Manager 5.0

3. Install vSphere Client 5.0 and Install Update Manager Plug-In

4. Use Upgrade Manager to Update to ESXi 5.0

5. Upgrade VMFS3 Datastore to VMFS5 Datastore

6. Upgrade Virtual Machine Hardware 8

7. Upgrade VMware Tools

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ESXi Console

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What is the VMware vSphere Hypervisor?

VMware vSphere Hypervisor is the new name for what was formerly known

as VMware ESXi Single Server or free ESXi (often abbreviated to simply

―VMware ESXi‖).

VMware vSphere Hypervisor is the free edition of the vSphere product line.

It is licensed to only unlock the hypervisor functionality of vSphere, but it

can be seamlessly upgraded to more advanced offerings of VMware

vSphere.

vSphere Hypervisor is based only on the ESXi hypervisor

vSphere Hypervisor is target to virtualization first time users

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ESXi Convergence Most Trusted

vSphere ESXi

vSphere 5.0 will utilize the ESXi

hypervisor exclusively

ESXi is the gold standard for hypervisors

Overview

Benefits

Thin architecture

Smaller security footprint

Streamlined deployment and

configuration

Simplified patching and updating model

Reduce Management Overhead.

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VMware ESXi: 3rd Generation Hypervisor Architecture

VMware GSX

(VMware Server)

• Installs as an application

• Runs on a host OS

• Depends on OS for resource

management

VMware ESX

Architecture

• Installs ―bare metal‖

• Relies on a Linux OS

(Service Console) for running

partner agents and scripting

VMware ESXi

Architecture

• Installs ―bare metal‖

• Management tasks are

moved outside of the

hypervisor

VMware ESX

Service Console VMware ESXi

2001 2003 2007

The ESXi architecture runs independently of a general purpose OS,

simplifying hypervisor management and improving security.

VMkernel VMkernel

Windows or Linux OS

VMware Server

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Monitor and Manage Health of Server Hardware with vCenter

New CIM Interface

• Detailed hardware health monitoring

• Physical and virtual visibility on server health

• vCenter alarms alert when hardware failures occur

Host hardware fan status

Host hardware power status

Host hardware system board status

Host hardware temperature status

New

vCenter

Alarms for

Hardware

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Third Party Hardware Monitoring

• OEMs HW monitoring through their management consoles

Dell Open Manager Server Administrator 6.1 HP SIM 5.3.2+

View server and storage asset data

View server and storage health information

View alerts and command logs

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vSphere Client Data Recovery plug-in

vCenter Server

vDR Appliance

Backup Destination:

CIFS Network Share

Backup Destination:

.vmdk in VMFS Datastore

VM Source

vDR Windows CLI

vSphere 重要高可用度功能

儲存目的地

- 擴大支援 DAS、NFS、iSCSI 或光纖通道儲存和 CIFS

權重以當做目的地

- 加強重複刪除效能

備份與復原裝置

- 每一的 vCenter Server 執行個體最多可支援 10 個裝置，因此可以保護達 1000 台虛擬機

- Windows Linux 虛擬機適用的檔案層級復原用戶端

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BPM for Virtual Servers

BPA for Virtual Servers

Capacity Mgmt

Essentials

Atrium Orchestrator

Bladelogic Operations

Manager

ProactiveNet

Client Automation

Atrium Discovery &

Dependency Mapping

CA Virtual

Performance

Manager (VPM)

Spectrum

Automation

Management

Spectrum

eHealth

Cohesion

ARCserve

Operations

Orchestration

VI SPI

Client Automation

DDM

Operations Agent

UCMDB

SiteScope

Performance Agent

DataProtector

HP Operations

Majority of Systems Management and Back Up Vendors Support ESXi

Smarts ESM

ADM

ControlCenter

Avamar

Networker

ITM for Virtual

Servers

TPM

ITUAM

ITLCM

Tivoli Storage

Manager

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Summary of new ESXi features in vSphere 5

Capability ESX i 5.0 ESX i 4.1 ESX 4.1

Admin/config CLIs PowerCLI + vCLI PowerCLI + vCLI COS + vCLI + PowerCLI

Advanced Troubleshooting ESXi Shell Tech Support Mode COS

Scripted installation Supported Supported Supported

Boot from SAN Supported Supported Supported

SNMP Supported Supported Supported

Active Directory Integrated Integrated Integrated

HW monitoring CIM providers CIM providers 3rd party agents in COS

Jumbo frames Supported Supported Supported

Web Access Not supported Not supported Not Supported

Total Lockdown Supported Supported Not available

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Visit the ESXi and ESX Info Center today

http://vmware.com/go/ESXiInfoCenter

http://vmware.com/go/ESXiInfoCenter

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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VMware vSphere Architecture

vCenter Database

ESX/ESXi Host

vCenter Server

Datastores

―Datacenter‖

―Cluster‖

vCenter Orchestrator

vCenter Converter

Guided Consolidation

Update Manager

vSphere Web Client (Browser)*

Update Manager Database

Datastores

vSphere CLI

vSphere Client vCenter Converter plug-in

Update Manager plug-in

vCenter Server

vCenter Linked Mode

vCenter Database

vSphere Management

Assistant (vMA)

vSphere PowerCLI

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vCenter Server

• Centralized manager of ESX/ESXi hosts

• Runs as Windows services on physical or virtual server

• Connects with:

vCenter database (SQL Server or Oracle)

Windows Active Directory (required for Linked Mode)

• Integrates with optional server/client plug-ins

vCenter Database

vCenter Server

vCenter Orchestrator

vCenter Converter

Guided Consolidation

Update Manager

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VMware vCenter Server Editions

Foundation Standard

• 3 ESX/ESXi host limit

• Linked Mode

• Orchestrator

For Essentials

vCenter Server is required for most vSphere features

At least 1 instance required for vSphere Editions

Included in Essentials and Essentials Plus

• 3 ESX/ESXi host limit • No ESX/ESXi host limit

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vCenter Hardware Requirements

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Customer Feedback

• Customers consistently provide feedback on their desire to:

Simplify Management

• Upgrades/Patching

• Standardization

Reduce Deployment Costs

• Deployment Overhead

• Licensing

5

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Introducing vCenter Server Appliance

The vCenter Server Appliance is the answer!

• Simplifies Deployment and Configuration

• Streamlines patching and upgrades

• Reduces the TCO for vCenter

Enables companies to respond to business faster!

VMware

vCenter Server

Automation

Scalability

Visibility

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Component Overview

Distribution Min Deployed Max Deployed

3.6GB ~5GB ~80GB

vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) consists of:

• A pre-packaged 64 bit application running on SLES 11

Distributed with sparse disks

Disk Footprint

Memory Footprint

• A built in enterprise level database with optional support for a remote Oracle

databases.

• Limits are the same for VC and VCSA

Embedded DB

5 hosts/50 VMs

External DB

<300 hosts/<3000 VMs (64 bit)

• A web-based configuration interface

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Feature Overview

vCenter Server Appliance supports:

• The vSphere Web Client

• Authentication through AD and NIS

• Feature parity with vCenter Server on Windows

Except –

Linked Mode support

Requires ADAM (AD LDS)

IPv6 support

External DB Support

Oracle is the only supported external DB for the first release

No vCenter Heartbeat support

HA is provided through vSphere HA

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vCenter Server Appliance Deployment

Simply deploy from a OVF template!

• Install takes ~5 minutes (compared to ~15 for Windows version)

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Configuration

Complete configuration is possible through a powerful web-based

interface!

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Summary

vCenter Server Appliance provides customers with:

• A quick and easy deployment mechanism that provides consistent results

• A reduction in deployment costs, licensing costs, and overall management

• A solution that they can leverage the best features of virtualization with

• And most of all…

The ability to take care of business needs faster!

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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vSphere Client

• Primary interface for administration

• Runs locally on a Windows machine

• Connects to vCenter Server or directly to an ESX/ESXi host

vSphere Client

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VMware vSphere Client Modes

Connect to vCenter Server

• Global view

• Centralized Windows user credentials

• vSphere objects and functionality

Connect to Individual ESX/ESXi Host

• Per-host view

• ESX/ESXi host-specific user credentials

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VMware vSphere Client Home Menu

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Inventory: Hosts and Clusters

vCenter Server

• Folder

• Datacenter

Cluster

Host

VM

vApp

VM

VM

Resource pool

VM

VM

Cluster

Datacenter

Host

Resource Pool

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

vApp

Virtual Machine (VM)

Visible from vCenter Inventory only

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Inventory: VMs and Templates

vCenter Server

• Folder

• Datacenter

Folder

VM

vApp

VM

VM

Template

VM

Folder

Datacenter

VM

Template

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

vApp


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Inventory: Datastores

vCenter Server

• Folder

• Datacenter

Datastore

Datastore

Datacenter

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level


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Inventory: Networking

vCenter Server

• Folder

• Datacenter

Distributed Virtual Switch

dvSwitch PortGroups

dvSwitch Uplinks

vSwitch

Distributed Virtual Switch

Datacenter

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

dvPortGroup

dvSwitch Uplink

vSwitch


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vSphere Client

• Optional web-browser interface to manage VMs

• Subset of vSphere Client capabilities

vSphere client (Browser)

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Web Client

Run and manage vSphere from any web

browser anywhere in the world

Platform independence

Replaces Web Access GUI

Building block for cloud based

administration

Overview

Benefits

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Current Use Case

The vSphere Web Client is tailored to met the needs of VM Administrators in the first release. This includes:

• VM Management

VM Provisioning

Edit VM, VM power ops, Snapshots, Migration

VM Resource Management

View all vSphere objects (hosts, clusters, datastores, folders, etc)

• Basic Health Monitoring

• Viewing the VM console remotely

• Search through large, complex environments

Save search queries, and quickly run them to find detailed information

• vApp Management

vApp Provisioning, vApp Editing, vApp Power Operations

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Features of the vSphere Web Client

Customize the GUI

• Create custom views to reflect the information you need to see, the way you

like to see it

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Advanced Search Functionality

• New advanced search functionality allows administrators to save and run

search find information quickly – Even across multiple vCenters!

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Extendable Functionality

• Possible for partners and end users to add features and functionality

Easily create new tabs

for information

Create portlets for instant

access to information

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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Virtual Motherboard of a VM

Up to 4 IDE Devices

Up to 1024GB Memory

Up to 32 CPUs

Up to 40 VM Consoles

Up to 2 1.44MB Floppy Drives

Up to 10 Network Adapters

Up to 4 SCSI Controllers With Up to 15 Devices Each Up to 2TB SCSI Disk

Up to 3 Parallel Ports

Up to 4 Serial Ports USB

Virtual Phoenix BIOS Intel 440BX-Based

Virtual Motherboard

Audio (N/A)

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Key VMware vSphere Features

Hot Add Virtual Devices

• Hot add

CPU

Memory

• Hot add or remove

Storage devices

Network devices

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New Virtual Machine…

Configuration

• Typical or custom

Name and Location

Resource Pool

Datastore

Guest Operating System

Create a Disk

Ready to Complete

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Custom VM Configuration Options

Virtual Machine Version

• Version 7 or 8

Devices

• CPU (number)

• Memory (MB)

• Network

Number, virtual network, connect at power on

• Disk

SCSI controller

Select or create a virtual disk

Advanced disk options

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Hard Disk Options

Thick

• Pre-allocated disk space

• Physical disk size = virtual disk size

Thin

• VM sees full logical disk at all times

• Physical disk size = used disk size

• Physical disk size grows as used

40GB

20GB

40GB

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Edit Settings… of a Virtual Machine

Hardware

• Memory

• CPUs

• Video card

• VMCI device

• Floppy drive

• CD/DVD drive

• Network adapter

• SCSI controller

• Hard disk

Options

• General

• vApp options

• VMware Tools

• Power management

• Advanced

Resources

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Installing a Guest Operating System

Install Guest OS

• Media options

Client device

Host device

Datastore ISO/floppy image file

PXE client network boot

• Power on and install

Install VMware Tools

• Optimized drivers

• Install in running Guest OS

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VM Console

Administrative KVM Access

• Console has a single unique session

• Multiple sessions share video and control

• Closing/exiting VM console does not power off VM

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Virtual Machine Power Options

Power

• Power On

• Power Off

• Suspend

• Reset

Integration with

VMware Tools

• Power Off =

Shut Down Guest

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VM Snapshot

Point-in-Time VM State Capture

• Hard disks (all)

• VM settings

• Memory (optional)

Snapshot Actions

• Take

• Revert

• Go to

• Delete

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Clone…

Copy an Existing VM or vApp

• Copies exactly by default

• Option to customize Guest OS

• VMs can be powered on

• vApp must be powered off

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Template

Master to Provision New VMs

• Used to deploy many new VMs

• VM that cannot be powered on

• Option to customize Guest OS

Creating Templates

• VM: clone to template…

• VM: convert to template…

• Existing template: clone

Updating Templates

• Convert to VM…, update, then convert to template…

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New Virtual Machine Capabilities

Client-connected USB devices

USB 3.0

Smart Card Readers

Multi-core virtual CPUs (in GUI) vNUMA

Mac OS X server support

3D graphics

Additional

Enhancements

Richer Desktop

Experience

Broader Device

Support

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

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Virtual Networking

Standard Virtual Switch (vSwitch)

• Defined within host

• Connects to physical adapter(s)

0, 1, 2 or more uplinks (up to 32)

Active or standby

• Virtual machine Port group

Virtual machine Network

• VMkernel Port

— Management

— VMotion, iSCSI, NFS,FT

• Supports VLAN tagging

Physical Adapters

vmnic0

vmnic1

Virtual Machine Port Group

VMkernel Port

Virtual Switch

Port Groups

View within single host

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Distributed Switch

• Aggregated datacenter-level virtual networking (vs. per-host)

• Simplified management

• Network statistics follow VMs

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

VMware vSphere

vNetwork Distributed Switch vSwitch vSwitch vSwitch

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What is Network I/O Control (NETIOC) ?

• Network I/O control is a traffic management feature of vSphere

Distributed Switch (vDS)

• In a consolidated IO (10 gig) deployments this feature allows

customer to

• Allocate Shares and Limits to different traffic types.

• Provide Isolation

• One traffic type should not dominate others

• Guarantee Service Levels when different traffic types compete

•Enhanced Network I/O Control — vSphere 5.0 builds on previous

versions of Network I/O Control feature by providing

• User-defined network resource pools

• New Host Based Replication Traffic Type

• QoS tagging

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• 特定流量類型專用的 NIC，如 vMotion、

IP Storage

• 專用實體 NIC 可保證頻寬

網路流量管理 – 10 GigE 的崛起

FT vMotion NFS

vSwitch

TCP/IP

iSCSI

1GigE pNIC

FT vMotion NFS

vSwitch

TCP/IP

iSCSI

10 GigE pNIC

1GigE 10 GigE

• 流量通常會彙整為兩個 10 GigE NIC

• 由於用戶過量，某些流量類型和流量可能會居主導地位

流量類型競爭。

如何決定誰獲得多少

vmnic？

S-77


Server Admin

Mgmt NFS iSCSI

vMotion FT

Teaming Policy

vSphere Distributed Switch

VR

vSphere Distributed Portgroup

NETIOC 網路負載控制

Tenant 2

VM Tenant 1 VMs

Scheduler

Shaper

Scheduler

Shares enforcement

per uplink

Limit enforcement

per team

Load Based

Teaming Traffic Shares Limit (Mbps) 802.1p

vMotion 5 150 1

Mgmt 30 --

NFS 10 250 --

iSCSI 10 2

FT 60 --

VR 10 --

VM 20 2000 4

Tenant 1 5 --

Tenant 2 15 --

Confidential

S-78


Network I/O Control Enhancements – User-Defined Network

RP

S-79


網路 I/O 控制

示範個案

1GigE pNIC (vmnics)

兩種流量類型爭取相同連結

(連結超額分配)

iSCSI 設定為 100 權重

(由 iometer 產生)

VM 流量設定為 25 權重

(由 iperf 產生)

連結可達 890 Mbps

iSCSI 獲得 80% ~710Mbps

VM 獲得 20% ~180Mbps

vmk

iSCSI

1 GigE

連結

外送 VM 流量

25 權重

外送 iSCSI 流量

100 權重

S-80


內建安全管理設定

S-81


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-82


虛擬機磁碟只會佔用使用中的

實體空間

虛擬機隨時都能檢視完整的

邏輯磁碟大小

完整報告和警示資源配置和

消耗量

大幅提高儲存裝置使用率

不需超額佈建虛擬磁碟

削減高達 50% 的儲存裝置成本

vStorage Thin Provisioning vCompute vStorage vNetwork

ESX

作業系統

應用程式

作業系統

應用程式

作業系統

應用程式

資料儲存區

虛擬磁碟 20GB

40GB

20GB

20GB

60GB

20GB

100GB

強力精簡精簡

40GB 100GB

S-83


不停機擴充虛擬磁碟

線上擴充虛擬磁碟

回應迅速，不停機就能擴充需求

增加 VMFS 磁區大小

在建立 VMFS 磁區的 LUN 上擴充磁區

協助增加更多的虛擬機到現有的磁區

協助虛擬機因應資料成長

提高彈性來簡化資源規劃

使用 VMFS 建立有效的儲存抽象層 vCompute vStorage vNetwork

ESX

作業系統

應用程式

作業系統

應用程式

作業系統

應用程式

資料儲存區

虛擬磁碟 20GB

100GB LUN

擴充 10G 的虛擬磁碟

加入新的虛擬磁碟

VMFS 磁區增加

以擴大資料儲存區

擴充 8G 的虛擬磁碟

20GB

資料儲存區不變

VMFS 磁區增加

以擴大資料儲存區

40GB

S-84


Virtual Storage

VMFS Datastore

• Shared VM file system

• Block-level access by ESX/ESXi

• Supported devices

Local disk (not shared storage)

Fibre Channel SAN

iSCSI SAN

HBA

ESX/ESXi software initiator via VMkernel network port

• Formats

.vmdk

RDM (raw device mapping) to underlying LUN

S-85


Virtual Storage

NFS Datastore

• Shared directory on NFS server

• File-level access by ESX/ESXi

• Limitations

No RDM

S-86


Introduction

• vSphere 5.0 offers many improvements for Storage

• These improvements are implemented to reduce operational effort

• To safely increase resource utilization for Storage devices

• Increase efficiency

• Lower TCO

Feature Reducing Ops Increase Efficiency Lower TCO

Storage DRS X X X

Profile Driven Storage X X X

VMFS-5 X X X

VASA X X X

Software FCoE adapter X X X

Storage IO Control X X X

VAAI X X X

S-87


VMFS-5 vs VMFS-3 Feature comparison

Feature VMFS-3 VMFS-5

2TB+ VMFS Volumes Yes

(using extents)

Yes

Support for 2TB+ Physical RDMs No Yes

Unified Block size (1MB) No Yes

Atomic Test & Set Enhancements (part of VAAI, locking mechanism)

No Yes

Sub-blocks for space efficiency 64KB (max ~3k) 8KB (max ~30k)

Small file support No 1KB

S-88


VMFS-3 to VMFS-5 Upgrade

• The Upgrade to VMFS-5 is clearly displayed in the vSphere Client

under Configuration -> Storage view.

• It is also displayed in the Datastores -> Configuration view.

•Non-disruptive upgrades.

S-89


VAAI Thin Provisioning - Dead Space Reclamation

•Dead space is previously written

blocks that are no longer used

by the VM. For instance after a

Storage vMotion

•vSphere conveys block

information to storage system via

VAAI & storage system reclaims

the dead blocks

• Storage vMotion, VM deletion & swap file deletion can trigger the thin LUN to free some physical space

• ESXi 5.0 uses the a standard SCSI command for dead space reclamation.

vSphere

VMFS

volume A VMFS

volume B

Storage vMotion

S-90


I/O 共用問題

現況

資料儲存區

線上儲存區資料探勘 Microsoft

Exchange

期望狀況

資料儲存區

線上儲存區資料探勘 Microsoft

Exchange

• 低優先順序 VM 可能限制高優先順序 VM 的 I/O 頻寬

• 儲存 I/O 分配應與 VM 優先順序相符

S-91


分配 I/O 資源

權重轉換為 ESX I/O 佇列插槽

• 權重較多的 VM 能一次傳送較多 I/O

• 插槽指定是動態的，並依據 VM 權重和現有負載來決定

• 可用插槽總數也是動態的，依據擁塞狀況來決定

執行中的 I/O

儲存陣列

資料探勘線上儲存區 Microsoft

Exchange

S-92


儲存 I/O 控制

S-93


儲存 I/O 控制實例

兩台 Windows VM 在兩台主機上執行 SQL Server

• 250 GB 資料磁碟、50 GB 記錄磁碟

VM1：500 權重

VM2：2000 權重

結果：權重較多的 VM2 每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！

無儲存 I/O 控制有儲存 I/O 控制

程序/每分鐘處理時間 (毫秒) 程序/每分鐘處理時間 (毫秒)

VM1 (500 權重)

8800 213 7000 275

VM2 (2000 權重)

8500 220 12400 150

綜合 17300 19400

S-94


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-95


透過 Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) 讓不同世代的處理器可以相容

ESX

Intel Core 2 CPU

ESX

Intel Core 2

45nm CPU

ESX

Future Intel CPU

App

OS

Intel Core

2 VM

Intel EVC Cluster

ESX

AMD Rev E CPU

ESX

AMD Barcelona CPU

ESX

Future AMD CPU

App

OS

Opteron

Rev E VM

AMD EVC Cluster

S-96


VMotion™ 技術: 乾坤大挪移

VMotion 技術讓您搬移正在運行中的虛擬機器到負載較輕的硬件體上, 以取得更多資源, 而且整個轉移過程更不需中斷服務

Storage

S-97


VMotion:―無間斷‖的硬體維護工程

SQL Server

WM Server Win2K AS

DNS / DHCP

ESX Server 1

ESX Server 2

需要進行硬體維護

ESX Server 3

透過 VMotion 作出虛擬機器的轉移, 硬體能夠進行維護工程而不需中斷任何服務, 不會對客戶構成影響

S-98


VMotion: ―無間斷‖的硬體維護工程

WM Server

DNS / DHCP SQL Server

Win2K AS WM Server

SQL Server

ESX Server 1

ESX Server 2

虛擬機器轉移去其它硬體

ESX Server 3


S-99


VMotion: ―無間斷‖ 的硬體維護工程

維護工程完畢, 重新啟動

SQL Server

Win2K AS WM Server

DNS / DHCP

WM Server

SQL Server

ESX Server 1

ESX Server 2 ESX Server 3


S-100


VMotion: 動態調配工作負載量

ESX Server 1 ESX Server 2 ESX Server 3

Apache

SAP

Exch Server

Citrix

DNS/DHCP

Oracle

SQL Server

您可以透過 VMotion, 作出跨越平台的動態資源管理, 並分配給虛擬機器所需要的資源

S-101


VMotion: 動態調配工作負載量

ESX Server 1 ESX Server 2 ESX Server 3

Apache

SAP

Exch Server

Citrix

DNS/DHCP

Oracle

SQL Server

您可以透過 VMotion, 作出跨越平台的動態資源管理, 並分配給虛擬機器所需要的資源

S-102



Storage VMotion

• Relocate running VM from one datastore

to another datastore with zero downtime

• Relocate across different storage types

• Change VM disk format (thick or thin) OS

APP

VMware ESX/ESXi

OS

APP

OS

APP

S-103


Storage VMotion

New - Array B

LunB2

LunB1

Array A

• 無中斷 :

• 搬遷到新的磁碟陣列

• 搬移到不同等級的Storage LunA1

LunA2

off-lease

S-104


Storage VMotion for Storage Array Migration

• 可線上跨Storage搬移虛擬機器檔案

虛擬機器不停機

LUN independent

支援Fibre channel SANs

最小化因為storage因素停機的風險

使用Vmotion與Storage VMotion透過完整的停機管理解決方案

S-105


Storage VMotion for Storage I/O Optimization

LUN 1

LUN 2

Optimized Set LUN 3

Non-disruptively:

• Eliminate virtual machine

storage I/O bottlenecks

• Move individual virtual

machines to best performing

LUNs

Bottleneck Eliminated

I/O Bottleneck

S-106


VMotion Performance

S-107


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-108


High Availability

功能

• 當伺服器故障時，自動重新啟動虛擬機

優勢

• 經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用

• 不需要獨占的stand-by 硬體

• 没有叢集軟體的成本和複雜性

經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案

Resource Pool

X

S-109


Running Business Critical Applications with Confidence

vSphere HA provides the right availability

services with ground breaking simplicity for

any application

Allows for:

Protection of Tier 1 Applications

Restart of VM upon Application Failure

VM High Availability

Virtual Machine Health Monitoring

Host High Availability

Host Monitoring

Zero downtime VM recovery upon host failure

5

S-110


Every host runs an agent.

• Referred to as ‗FDM‘ or Fault Domain Manager

• One of the agents within the cluster is chosen to

assume the role of the Master

There is only one Master per cluster during normal

operations

• All other agents assume the role of Slaves

There is no more Primary/Secondary

concept with vSphere HA

vSphere HA Primary Components

ESX 01 ESX 03

ESX 04 ESX 02

vCenter

S-111


Storage-Level Communications

One of the most exciting new features of

vSphere HA is its ability to use a storage

subsystem for communication.

The datastores used for this are referred to

as ‗Heartbeat Datastores‘.

This provides for increased communication

redundancy.

Heartbeat datastores are used as a

communication channel only when the

management network is lost - such as in

the case of isolation or network partitioning.

ESX 01 ESX 03

ESX 04 ESX 02

S-112


UI Changes

Cluster Summary Screen

• Advanced Runtime Info

• Cluster Status

• Configuration Issues

Cluster – Hosts tab

VM Summary: HA Protection

Cluster Configuration: Datastore Heartbeating

Admission Control: Failover Host(s)

S-113


UI Changes

S-114


UI Changes



• Cluster Status






S-115


UI Changes



• Cluster Status






S-116


DRS

• 可自動做負載平衡

DPM

• 可和iLO & BMC晶片整合進入維護省電管理模式,自動協助資料中心作自動化的電源管理

• 可自動化排程

vSphere 高可用度功能

S-117


VM

VM 群組

主機

主機群組

規則

OS

APP

―ChassisA‖ ―ChassisB‖ ―ChassisB‖ ―ChassisA‖

四主機 DRS/HA 叢集

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

―A‖ ―B‖ ―A‖ ―A‖ ―B‖

A ChassisA B ChassisB

加強 VM 之間反關聯規則

• VM 之間反關聯規則現在可以納入 2 台以上虛擬機

vSphere 高可用度功能DRS主機關聯

S-118


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-119


Fault Tolerance (FT)

• 被保護的 VM 會在別台主機產生一台

shadow VM 隨時和主要VM保持資料SYNC

• Failover後會在自動複製一台shadow

VM

VMware vSphere

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP


S-120


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-121



DRS

• Automated load balancing

DPM

• Optionally consolidate VMs

onto fewer hosts and power

off/on hosts as needed

S-122


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-123


Permissions 可整合 LDAP 帳號權限管理

vCenter Server

• Folder

• Datacenter

Cluster

Host

VM

vApp

VM

VM

Resource pool

VM

VM

Cluster

Datacenter

Host

Resource Pool

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

vApp

Virtual Machine (VM)

Visible from vCenter Server Inventory only

VC5-01

S-124


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-125


Scheduled Tasks

vCenter Activities

• Change power state of VM

• Clone a VM

• Deploy a VM

• Migrate a VM

• Create a VM

• Initiate a VM snapshot

• Add host

• Change power state of host

• Change resource settings of resource pool or VM

• Check compliance of a Host Profile

Requires vCenter Server

Run once in future or recurring

S-126


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-127


Monitoring

Alarms

• Triggers

Condition/state (VM, host, datastore)

Is equal to / is not equal to

Is above / is below

Event (vCenter objects)

• Trigger thresholds

Normal – green

Warning – yellow

Alert – red


S-128


Monitoring

Alarm Actions

• Send a notification email via SMTP or SNMP notification trap

• Run a command/script (on vCenter Server)

• Enter/exit maintenance/standby mode for host

• Power on/off/reset, suspend/resume, reboot/shutdown guest, or migrate VM


S-129


vCenter 管理功能

S-130


Monitoring

Performance Charts

• CPU, disk, memory, network, system

• Real-time, past day, week, month, year, custom

• By VM, host, cluster, management agent

S-131


Monitoring

Tasks & Events (History)

• User initiated

• System: info, warning, error


S-132


Maps

Inventory Maps

• Hosts

• VMs

• Networks

• Datastores

• Fault Tolerance relationships

VMotion Resource Maps

• Per VM


S-133


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-134


Update Manager 修正檔更新管理程式

集中式自動化、可行的 VI 更新遵循管理解決方案

定義、追蹤和執行 ESX 主機/叢集軟體更新、協力廠商 ESX 延伸模組、虛擬裝置、VMTools/VM 硬體、線上*/離線 VM、範本等

提供升級模組

修補程式通知與召回

叢集層級補救前檢查分析與報告

支援協力廠商 IHV/ISV 更新、自訂的架構：大量安裝、EMC PowerPath 模組更新

改善叢集層級修補操作的 DPM 相容性

支援PowerCLI

支援offline Boudle

配合 vCenter 改善效能與延展性

S-135


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-136



Host Profiles

• Simplified ESX/ESXi host configuration management

• Create ―gold‖ reference configurations

• Compliance checks

• Remediation

Cluster

Reference

Host

S-137


vSphere vSphere vSphere

Auto Deploy

vCenter Server

with Auto Deploy

Host Profiles

Image Profiles

Deploy and patch vSphere hosts in

minutes using a new ―on the fly‖ model

Coordination with vSphere Host Profiles

Overview

Benefits

Rapid provisioning: initial deployment and

patching of hosts

Centralized host and image management

Reduce manual deployment and patch

processes

vSphere

S-138


ESXi Image 客製化影像檔

Core

Hypervisor

CIM

Providers

Plug-in

Components

Drivers

S-139


Auto Deploy 自動化部署

Time: 30 mins

Total time: 20 Hours!

...Repeat 37 more times…

Total time: 10 Minutes!

Before After

Time: 30 mins Time: 30 mins

vSphere vSphere vSphere vSphere

S-140


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-141


Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3

Storage DRS and Profile-Driven Storage

Tier storage based on performance

characteristics (i.e. datastore cluster)

Simplify initial storage placement

Load balance based on I/O

Resource alignment with SLAs

Overview

Benefits

Eliminate VM downtime for storage

maintenance

Reduce time for storage

planning/configuration

Reduce errors in the selection and

management of VM storage

Increase storage utilization by optimizing

placement

High IO

Throughput

S-142


Profile-Driven Storage 存儲設備自動化配置

Cloud Infrastructure (vSphere, vCenter, vShield, vCloud Director)

Gold Bronze Silver

Availability = 99.99%

DR RTO = 1 hour

Max Latency = 500 ms

SLA Definitions


DR RTO = 1 hour

Back up = daily

Storage capacity = 1 TB

Performance = High I/O

Security = High

? Availability = 99.99%

DR RTO = 1 hour

Back up = daily



Security = High


DR RTO = 3 hour

Back up = weekly


Performance = Med I/O

Security = Mid

Availability = 99.%

DR RTO = none

Back up = none


Performance = low I/O

Security = low


DR RTO = 1 hour

Back up = daily



Security = High


DR RTO = 3 hour

Back up = weekly


Performance = Med I/O

Security = Mid


DR RTO = none

Back up = none


Performance = low I/O

Security = low

Placement

• DR plan

• Back up

• Anti-virus

• Firewall

Provisioning of infra services

S-143


Key concepts overview

VMware Confidential, NDA only

vStorage APIs

+

vSphere/vCenter

VMDK

storage

profiles

vSphere

Admin

using

vCenter

Heterogeneous

storage backend

User-defined

Datastore

Capability

Vendor 1 Vendor 2

EMC, EQL, NTAP,

…

―<vendor1>_Type1‖ =

―RAID 5, replicated‖

―<vendor2>_TypeA =

―RAID 10, non-replicated‖

PRODUCTION DATA

VMDK vendor1_Tier1

OR vendor2_Tier1

Create

VMDK tiers

VM

operations

PRODUCTION DATA

VMDK, PRODUCTION OS

VMDK

Importance_Level1 =

―DR protected‖

System

Capability

S-144


Why Profile Driven Storage? 1 / 2

S-145



S-146



S-147



S-148



S-149



S-150



S-151



S-152



S-153



S-154


Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome


15. Update Manager



18. Storage DRS

14. Alarms

01. Virtualization

02. ESXi

03. vCenter


06. Networking

07. vStorage



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12. Roles

13. Scheduled Tasks

S-155


Datastore Cluster

•An integral part of SDRS is to create a group of datastores called a

datastore cluster.

• Datastore Cluster without Storage DRS – Simply a group of datastores.

• Datastore Cluster with Storage DRS - Load Balancing domain similar to a

DRS Cluster.

•A datastore cluster , without SDRS is just a datastore folder. It is the

functionality provided by SDRS which makes it more than just a folder.

datastore cluster

2TB

datastores 500GB 500GB 500GB 500GB

S-156


Storage DRS Operations – Initial Placement

Initial Placement - VM/VMDK create/clone/relocate.

•When creating a VM you select a datastore cluster rather than an

individual datastore and let SDRS choose the appropriate datastore.

•SDRS will select a datastore based on space utilization and I/O load.

•By default, all the VMDKs of a VM will be placed on the same datastore

within a datastore cluster (VMDK Affinity Rule), but you can choose to

have VMDKs assigned to different datastore clusters.

datastore cluster

2TB

datastores 500GB 500GB 500GB 500GB

300GB

available 260GB

available

265GB

available

275GB

available

S-157


Storage DRS Operations

S-158


Storage DRS Operations – Datastore Maintenance Mode

Datastore Maintenance Mode

•Evacuates all VMs & VMDKs from selected datastore.

•Note that this action will not move VM Templates.

•Currently, SDRS only handles registered VMs.

datastore cluster

2TB

datastores VOL1 VOL2 VOL3 VOL4

Place VOL1 in maintenance

mode

S-159


Storage DRS Operations (4 of 4)

Datastore Cluster

VMDK affinity

Keep a Virtual Machine‘s

VMDKs together on the

same datastore

Maximize VM availability

when all disks needed in

order to run

On by default for all VMs

VMDK anti-affinity

Keep a VM‘s VMDKs on

different datastores

Useful for separating

log and data disks of

database VMs

Can select all or a

subset of a VM‘s disks

Datastore Cluster

VM anti-affinity

Keep VMs on different

datastores

Similar to DRS anti-

affinity rules

Maximize availability of

a set of redundant VMs

Datastore Cluster

S-160


SDRS Scheduling

SDRS allows you to create a schedule to change its settings.

This can be useful for scenarios where you don‘t want VMs to migrate

between datastore or when I/O latency might rise, giving false negatives,

e.g. during VM backups.

S-161


So what does it look like? Provisioning…

S-162


So what does it look like? Load Balancing

• It will show ―utilization before‖ and ―after‖

•There‘s always the option to override the recommendations

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