Where data security and value of data meet in the cloud ulf mattsson

Where Data Security and Value of Data Meet in the C loudWhere Data Security and Value of Data Meet in the C loud

Ulf MattssonCTO, Protegrity

[email protected]

Cloud Security Alliance (CSA)

PCI Security Standards Council

• Cloud & Virtualization SIGs

• Encryption Task Force

• Tokenization Task Force

Ulf Mattsson, Protegrity CTO

ANSI X9

• American National Standard for Financial Services

IFIP WG 11.3 Data and Application Security

• International Federation for Information Processing

ISACA (Information Systems Audit and Control Association)

ISSA (Information Systems Security Association)

2

The biggest challenge in this new paradigm• Cloud and an interconnected world

• Merging data security with data value and productivity

What’s required?• Seamless, boundless security framework – data flow

• Maximize data utility & Minimizing risk – finding the right balance

Value-preserving data-centric security methods

Agenda

Value-preserving data-centric security methods• How to keep track of your data and monitor data access outside the enterprise

• Best practices for protecting data and privacy in the perimeter-less enterprise.

What New Data Security Technologies are Available for Cloud?

How can Cloud Data Security work in Context to the Enterprise?

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The Interconnected

4

World

Safe Integration - International Data Protection

Interconnection of Embedded Computing Devices

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things

They’re Tracking When You Turn Off the Lights

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Source: Wall Street Journal

What is The

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The New Currency?

Generated a 3.8% increase in the PayPal conversion rate, the proportion of online visitors who make a

Analytics Improving Customer Experience

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Source: Forbes

rate, the proportion of online visitors who make a purchase.

Overall Average Order Value (AOV) rose 2.4% when the PayPal button was moved to the top of the page.

4.03% increase in overall revenue, a more than $600,000 increase over a nine-week period.

Is Cloud Secure?

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Secure?

Sensitive Data in the Cloud

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Of organizations currently (or plan to) transfer sensitive/confidential data to the cloud in the next

24 mo.

Lack of Cloud Confidence

12

Number of survey respondents that either agree or are unsure that the cloud services used by their organization are

NOT thoroughly vetted for security.

Chinese government cyberattack against iCloud

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What Is Your No. 1 Issue Slowing Adoption of Public Cloud Computing?

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Threat Vector Inheritance

15

What aboutResponsibilities

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Responsibilities in Cloud?

Computing as a Service:

• Software as a Service (SaaS)

• Platform as a Service (PaaS)

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

What is Cloud Computing?

Delivered Internally or Externally to the Enterprise:

• Public

• Private

• Community

• Hybrid

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Public Cloud

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Source: Wired.com

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What’s required?

• Seamless, boundless security framework

• Balance data utility & risk• Balance data utility & risk

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Hybrid CloudFlexibility

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Flexibility

Trust

Risk Adjusted Computation – Location Awareness

Corporate Network

Private Cloud

Private Cloud

H

Processing Cost

H

22

Elasticity

Out-sourcedIn-house

Public Cloud

L L

Interconnected Enterprise & Cloud

?

023

?

Can Cloud Computing

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Cloud Computing be Secure?

Cloud Gateway

Security Gateway Deployment – Application Example

ClientSystem

Public Cloud

025

EnterpriseSecurity

AdministratorSecurity Officer

Out-sourced

Corporate Network

Security Gateway Deployment – Hybrid Cloud

ClientSystem

Public CloudCloud Gateway

Private Cloud

026

EnterpriseSecurity


Out-sourced

Corporate Network Corporate Network

Security Gateway Deployment – Hybrid Cloud

ClientSystem

Private Cloud Public Cloud

CloudGateway

027

EnterpriseSecurity


Gateway

Out-sourced

Where to put the Key to the Front Door?

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to the Front Door?

Trust, Elasticity dimensions and system componentsTrust

Trusted Domain (Corporate)

ClientClientClientClientProtocolGateway

SecurityAgent

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Elasticity

ApplicationApplicationApplicationApplication

ServerServerServerServer

Application Application Application Application

DatabaseDatabaseDatabaseDatabase

Untrusted Domain

(Public cloud)

Out-sourcedIn-house



ClientClientClientClient ProtocolGateway

SecurityAgent

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Elasticity

Semi-trusted Domain (Private cloud)



Agent



Untrusted Domain

(Public cloud)

Out-sourcedIn-house



ClientClientClientClient ProtocolGateway

Security

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Elasticity

Semi-trusted Domain (Private cloud)



SecurityAgent



Untrusted Domain (Public cloud)

Out-sourcedIn-house

The Trendin

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inData Protection

Rather than making the protection platform based, the security is applied directly to the data, protecting it wherever it goes, in any environment

How Data-Centric Protection Increases Security in Cloud Computing and Virtualization

Cloud environments by nature have more access points and cannot be disconnected – data-centric protection reduces the reliance on controlling the high number of access points

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How to Balance Risk and

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Risk and Data Access


• How to keep track of your data and monitor data access outside the enterpriseenterprise


• What New Data Security Technologies are Available for Cloud?

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Computational Value

Risk Adjusted Storage – Data Leaking Formats

H

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Data

Leakage

Strong-encryption Truncation Sort-order-pres erving-encryption Indexing

L

I I I I

Corporate Network

Security Gateway Deployment – Database Example

ClientSystem

CloudGateway

RDBMS

037

EnterpriseSecurity


Should I AllowData Leakage?

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Data Leakage?

Corporate Network

ClientSystem Cloud

Gateway

Security Gateway – Searchable Encryption

RDBMSQuery

re-write

039

EnterpriseSecurity


Order preserving encryption

Corporate Network

ClientSystem

CloudGateway

Security Gateway – Search & Indexing

RDBMSQuery

re-write

040

EnterpriseSecurity


IndexIndex

Data Centric Security – Risk Adjusted Data Leakage

Index

Trust

HIndex

Leaking

Sensitive

Data

Sort Order Preserving

Encryption Algorithms

Leaking Sensitive

Data

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Index Data

ElasticityOut-sourcedIn-house

L

Index NOT

Leaking

Sensitive

Data

Data Centric Security – Balance Security & Value

Value

Preserving

Classification of Sensitive Data

Granular Protection of Sensitive Data

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Index Data

Leaking

Sensitive

Data ?

Encoding

Leaking

Sensitive

Data ?

What is Data Tokenization?

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Data Tokenization?

Data Tokenization – More Than Wrapping The Data

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Source: Interestingengineering.com

Source: plus.google.com

De-identification / Anonymization Field Real Data Tokenized / Pseudonymized

Name Joe Smith csu wusoj

Address 100 Main Street, Pleasantville, CA 476 srta coetse, cysieondusbak, CA

Date of Birth 12/25/1966 01/02/1966

Telephone 760-278-3389 760-389-2289

E-Mail Address [email protected] [email protected]

SSN 076-39-2778 076-28-3390

CC Number 3678 2289 3907 3378 3846 2290 3371 3378

Business URL www.surferdude.com www.sheyinctao.com

Fingerprint Encrypted

Photo Encrypted

X-Ray Encrypted

Healthcare / Financial Services

Dr. visits, prescriptions, hospital stays and discharges, clinical, billing, etc.Financial Services Consumer Products and activities

Protection methods can be equally applied to the actual data, but not needed with de-identification

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How GranularShould Data Should Data Security be?

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Cost of Application

Changes

High -

Risk Adjusted Data Formats - Payment Card Data

Risk Exposure

Cost

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All-16-clear Only-middle-6-hidden All-16-strongly-encrypted

Low -

I I I

Can SecurityImprove

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ImproveUser Productivity?

High -

Risk Adjusted Data Security – Access to Data

Risk Exposure

User Productivity and Creativity

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Access to Sensitive Data in

Clear

Low Access to Data High Access to Data

Low -

I I

High -

Risk Adjusted Data Security – Masked Data

User Productivity and Creativity

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Access to

Masked Data

Low Access to Data High Access to Data

Low -

I I

Risk Exposure

What isCost -effectiveness

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Cost -effectivenessof

Data Protection?

Reduction of Pain with New Protection Techniques

High

Pain& TCO

Strong Encryption Output:AES, 3DES

Format Preserving EncryptionDTP, FPE

Input Value: 3872 3789 1620 3675

!@#$%a^.,mhu7///&*B()_+!@

8278 2789 2990 2789

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1970 2000 2005 2010

Low

Vault-based Tokenization

Vaultless Tokenization

8278 2789 2990 2789

Format Preserving

Greatly reduced Key Management

No Vault

8278 2789 2990 2789

Cloud Gateway - Requirements Adjusted Protection

Data Protection Methods Scalability Storage Security Tr ansparency

System without data protection

Weak Encryption (1:1 mapping)

Searchable Gateway Index (IV)

VaultlessTokenization

Partial EncryptionPartial Encryption

Data Type Preservation Encryption

Strong Encryption (AES CBC, IV)

Best Worst

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Significantly Different Tokenization Approaches

Property Dynamic Pre-generated

Vault-based Vaultless

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Fine Grained Data Security Methods

Tokenization and Encryption are Different

Used Approach Cipher System Code System

Cryptographic algorithms

Cryptographic keys

TokenizationEncryption

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Cryptographic keys

Code books

Index tokens

Source: McGraw-HILL ENCYPLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Use

Case

How Should I Secure Different Data?

Simple –PCI

PII

Encryption

of Files

CardHolder Data

Tokenization of Fields

Personally Identifiable Information

Type of

DataI

Structured

I

Un-structured

Complex – PHI

ProtectedHealth

Information

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Personally Identifiable Information

How can I Secure Data

in Production

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in Production and Test?

Fine Grained Security: Encryption of Fields

Production SystemsEncryption of fields• Reversible• Policy Control (authorized / Unauthorized Access)• Lacks Integration Transparency• Complex Key Management• Example: !@#$%a^.,mhu7///&*B()_+!@

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Non-Production Systems

Fine Grained Security: Masking of Fields

Production Systems

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Non-Production SystemsMasking of fields• Not reversible• No Policy, Everyone can access the data• Integrates Transparently• No Complex Key Management• Example: 0389 3778 3652 0038

Fine Grained Security: Tokenization of Fields

Production Systems

Tokenization (Pseudonymization)

• No Complex Key Management• Business Intelligence• Example: 0389 3778 3652 0038

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Non-Production Systems

• Reversible • Policy Control (Authorized / Unauthorized Access)

• Not Reversible• Integrates Transparently

How can I Secure the

Perimeter -less

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Perimeter -less Enterprise?

Centralized Policy Management - ExampleApplication

RDBMS

MPP

AuditLog

AuditLog

AuditLog

EnterpriseSecurity

Administrator

PolicyPolicyPolicyPolicyPolicyPolicyPolicyPolicyPolicy

Cloud

Security Officer

AuditLog

AuditLog

AuditLog

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File Servers

Big Data

Gateway Servers

HP NonStopBase24

IBM Mainframe Protector

AuditLog

AuditLog Audit

Log

AuditLog

Protection Servers

AuditLog

AuditLog

Enterprise Data Security Policy

What is the sensitive data that needs to be protected.

How you want to protect and present sensitive data. There are several methods for protecting sensitive data. Encryption, tokenization, monitoring, etc.

Who should have access to sensitive data and who should not. Security access control. Roles & Users

What

Who

How

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When should sensitive data access be granted to those who have access. Day of week, time of day.

Where is the sensitive data stored? This will be where the policy is enforced.

Audit authorized or un-authorized access to sensitive data.

When

Where

Audit

The biggest challenge in this new paradigm• Cloud and an interconnected world

• Merging data security with data value and productivity

What’s required?• Seamless, boundless security framework – data flow

• Maximize data utility & Minimizing risk – finding the right balance


Summary

Value-preserving data-centric security methods• How to keep track of your data and monitor data access outside the enterprise


What New Data Security Technologies are Available for Cloud?

How can Cloud Data Security work in Context to the Enterprise?

64

Thank you!Thank you!

Questions?

Please contact us for more information

www.protegrity.com

[email protected]

Technology

Where data security and value of data meet in the cloud ulf mattsson