Wifi offload-through-eap-authentication

Contents

Overview 01

Converging Multiple Access Technology 03

Challenges to Building a Carrier Class Wi-Fi Experience• Security• Authentication• Roaming

Integrating the Mobile Core - Provisioning, Policy Control 06and Billing

Delivering the Right Wi-Fi Experience

Greenpacket Wi-Fi Offloading Solutions 08

Smart Data Offload

Seamless Data Offload

Dynamic Data Offload

Wi-Fi Adoption Intensifies Interest in Offloading 11

Conclusion 13

Wi-Fi Your Network to More Bandwith! 14

References 15

Overview

Wi-Fi has undoubtedly established itself as a genuine wireless access

technology capable of delivering a cellular experience. The business model

for Wi-Fi has changed from merely a home Internet gateway alternative to an

essential part of the operator’s bigger network data strategy. The rise of the

smartphones resulted in consumers needing connectivity and in turn driving

the need for bigger bandwidth through the Wi-Fi marketplace, as Wi-Fi is

recognized as the de-facto technology for the average smartphone user.

According to a Gartner report, the smartphone sales are expected to

surpass 1 billion units by 2015, when they will account for 50% of the total

mobile device market. The smartphone behaviors are markedly different

from the previous generation of handsets. It is acknowledged that as

devices become more complex, so does the behavior of the traffic mix.

The traffic mix now contains greater consumption of high bandwidth

experience for videos and content, which 3G as a delivery mechanism falls

short. When spectrum runs short, service degrades sharply; calls get

dropped and data speeds slow down. Wi-Fi offloading is an opportunity for

operators to reduce 3G traffic load and at the same time, overcoming the

growing pressure from OTT players like Skype and Google to avoid

revenue erosion.

Wi-Fi remains very much publicized on the operator’s agenda. There is

clear desire to integrate the technology more closely with cellular, both in

terms of ease of use through network discovery, authentication and log-on,

and at the core-network level. Despite these challenges, the adoption of

Wi-Fi offloading will not decelerate as the next generation connectivity in

LTE will drive further the end user’s need for high performance wireless

connectivity; Wi-Fi will be more relevant in the 4G era than it was for 3G.

Moreover, the growth in cloud-based services will only further drive and

unlock the potential of the “big data”.

WHITEPAPER Integrating the Mobile Core - 07WHITEPAPERConverging Multiple Access Technology - 05WHITEPAPERWHITEPAPER Converging Multiple Access Technology - 04WHITEPAPERWHITEPAPER Overview - 02Overview - 01WHITEPAPER WHITEPAPER Integrating the Mobile Core - 06WHITEPAPER

Conclusion - 17WHITEPAPERWi-Fi Adoption Intensifies Interest in Offloading - 12WHITEPAPERWi-Fi Adoption Intensifies Interest in Offloading - 11Greenpacket Wi-Fi Offloading Solutions - 10WHITEPAPERGreenpacket Wi-Fi Offloading Solutions - 09WHITEPAPER WHITEPAPERGreenpacket Wi-Fi Offloading Solutions - 08WHITEPAPER References - 15WHITEPAPERWi-Fi Your Network to More Bandwith - 14WHITEPAPERConclusion - 13WHITEPAPER

w w w . g r e e n p a c k e t . c o m

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Where is Wi-Fi - 02WHITEPAPERConclusion - 18WHITEPAPER Where is Wi-Fi - 02WHITEPAPERWhere is Wi-Fi - 02WHITEPAPERThink Forward with Wi-Fi - 14WHITEPAPER

Converging Multiple Access Technology

With the rise of heterogeneous networks (HetNet) becoming the preferred

adoption in next generation network, the desire to increase cellular coverage

via Wi-Fi and small cells (including femtocell, picocells, microcells) or any

combination of these methods will continue to provide seamless coverage

to approach ubiquity. In order to maintain the integrity of service assurance,

operators must exercise due diligence in observing the foundation of a

secure network and scrutinize all interconnections to it.

Challenges to Building aCarrier Class Wi-Fi Experience

From an operator’s point of view, carrier grade Wi-Fi requires strong

security; strong trust through authentication and billing credentials, quality

of service, network discovery and policy control. All of these features are

desirable to ensure the end-user experience is not compromised, as cases

of identity theft and fraud on sensitive information can bring damage to the

operators brand and credibility.

Security

As the number of web-enabled device i.e. likes of smartphones and tablets

continue to grow, the focus of security is equally important on the device,

network as well as the data traversing both secured and unsecured Wi-Fi

networks. The emerging trend of universally accessing data, independent

from the device that is carried, calls for stricter control. The credibility of

tunneling data through unsecured WLAN is challenging to enforce

restrictions onto data streams and content when accessing Wi-Fi hotspot.

The use of encryption protocols such as AES in WPA2 and IKEv2 is

another way to ensure the data packets are sufficiently encrypted over

802.1x networks to give the same level of security that is expected of Wi-Fi

as in cellular.

Greenpacket Wi-FiOffloading Solutions

The Intouch solution suite is a standards-based approach to deal with Wi-Fi

offloading securely. It gives the assurance of secured and managed offload

mechanism and also the option for a dynamic offload mechanism through

policy control. These solutions fully support secured EAP-based

authentication and advanced Wi-Fi security measures.

Smart Data Offload

The Smart Data Offload client is designed to run on top of native device

connection utility for operators looking for a basic offload mechanism

without major investment and modification to the existing network

infrastructure or firmware replacement. The objective of the smart client is

to make Wi-Fi connections more transparent and increase the attachment

rate to Wi-Fi by turning on/off Wi-Fi radio. The ability to support access –

aware and policy preferences of operators’ centralized profiling server

allows subscribers to seamlessly move between cellular and Wi-Fi based

on device, end-user behavior and environmental information. The smart

client does not permanently override the preset network connectivity

settings, but only takes precedence by modifying the policy during policy

administration. The policy activation can be triggered over several criteria

such as device status active, battery levels and signal strength, mobility

detection as well as location detection and time. The smart data offload

provides optimized service levels to customers as well as ensure efficient

ways for operators to manage their network options.

Conclusion

The concept of Wi-Fi is not just based on the premise of offload. Other

opportunities arise from the building of a well-planned Wi-Fi access to

generate new revenue streams. Mobile operators must catch-up or risk

losing their mark on subscribers demand. In recent years, the rise of OTT

providers like Google, Amazon and Netflix has eclipsed market dominance

by delivering a new and exciting user experience to engage the consumers.

Operators are now aware of the importance of achieving efficiency in

intelligent solutions to create closer relationships with their customers.

There are opportunities to use Wi-Fi as a customer acquisition tool as well

as a churn reduction tool. Operators’ perceptions of Wi-Fi have changed

from seeing the technology as a threat that was stealing traffic and revenue

to a significant opportunity for growing data services usage. The full

integration of Wi-Fi with mobile networks is critical to an operator’s success.

Not just for authentication and data but for all the services the end users

currently receive on cellular networks as well as those they are likely to in the

future, including billing, voice, messaging and roaming.

A major milestone in the efforts to standardize global data roaming over

Wi-Fi was announced by the Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA) on the

successful trial of NGH that included AT&T, BT, China Mobile, NTT DoCoMo

and so forth in the week leading up to Mobile World Congress 2012 in

Barcelona. The initiative was adopted on SIM-based environment as the

secure element to deliver connectivity across networks. One of the key

highlights central to operators is the strict requirements on making both

device and user authentication to ensure integrity and security of the

network is not compromised, when incorporating Wi-Fi as part of the

mobile services strategy.

Wi-Fi has transitioned from a useful unlicensed wireless option for offloading

excess mobile video traffic to an intelligent, managed network where

subscribers can roam securely. According to a report by Strategy Analytics,

the marketplace will expect to see increasing number of operators embrace

Wi-Fi as part of their LTE network deployment strategy; and to incorporate

it fully into their 3G and 4G traffic calculations and become a fully integrated

part of small cell networking and HetNet design by 2015.

Wi-Fi Adoption IntensifiesInterest in Offloading

Wi-Fi deployed in urban or other high traffic locations as an underlay to

increase cellular capacity density is a market differentiator. Ironically, Wi-Fi is

rated as a source of disruption in the wake of the smartphone surge and

driving data usage wild. The emergence of smartphones was borne out of

the popularity of Wi-Fi. On the other hand, it is also Wi-Fi that is helping

operators address the limited bandwidth issues by leveraging on unlicensed

spectrum. There still exist obstacles to be overcome before Wi-Fi

deployments are widespread. Many operator view Wi-Fi or the likes of small

cell topologies such as femtocells, picocells as a complementary solution to

capacity pressure points, rather than a radical new type of network.

One observation and consistent theme presented by operators’ collective

feedback points to the challenge of predicting subscribers’ behavior and

managing them effectively, in the process of improving the user experience

and shaping services. Operators are also aware and implementing

technologies that would allow them to actively manage traffic, from the

device through to the core – streaming video optimization, policy

management and service enablement in the core through advanced,

high-speed platform capabilities.

With GSMA recently announcing in Feb 2012, a joint collaboration with the

Wireless Broadband Alliance aimed at simplifying the process of mobile

devices connecting to Wi-Fi networks; the ease of cross network roaming

receives a boost. The basis of the initiative is primarily focused on SIM

adoption to manage and uniquely identify Wi-Fi networks to mobile devices

for the ultimate cross network roaming experience. It is anticipated,

commercial deployments may be as early as 12-18 months.


Greenpacket’s Seamless Data Offload is a client-based solution that aims

to deliver a simplified and cost-effective offload method across multiple

access networks. It is based on the Data Offload Platform. The Seamless

Data Offload client can transparently offload 3G - Wi-Fi and continue to

push operator services and manage data traffic effectively. Seamless Data

Offload, through Inter-working WLAN (iWLAN) takes traffic from the mobile

operator’s radio access over Wi-Fi by tunneling through the PDG at the

operator’s core network. This fits with mobile operators’ need to monetize

services through the personalization of services and the application of

policy management; something which can’t be said of other Wi-Fi offload

approaches in the market today.


Operators are increasingly looking at using Wi-Fi for offload as part of their

mobile broadband strategies. However, it risks losing visibility over traffic

policies that were configured for the user once it routes through Wi-Fi.

What is lacking is a way for the network to communicate to users

(applications and/or websites they are using) a real-time or predicted

measure of the network’s congestion levels. Greenpacket’s Dynamic Data

Offload client is compliant to the defined 3GPP Access Network Discovery

and Selection Function (ANDSF), to enable dynamic network selection and

switching based on various contextual ability such as cell location, device,

peak hours and subscription plan. Operators can also opt to customize

these policies based on application aware policy, device policy, subscriber

policy and time-based policy to trigger data offload.

Convergence

Simplify the Wi-Fi offloading experience by ensuring that they can provide

an enriched experience regardless of the network, device and environment.

The end goal of marrying Wi-Fi offload together with 3G/4G technology can

bring new growth and injecting value to the operators’ business

proposition, be it new Wi-Fi access revenues or richer content delivery.

Integration

Automatic and network agnostic approach (3G-Wi-Fi) to synchronize user

credentials in the process to integrate multiple elements of subscriber

provisioning, device and subscriber authentication that is integrated to the

operator’s core network (authenticated through 3GPP compliant AAA) and

coupled to the policy infrastructure; push profile, updates over the air, policy

control management to add intelligence on offload decisions.

Regulatory Compliance

Operators look for a standardized long term solution that handles data

mobility and growth regardless of application and network type. In an

environment of rising cyber crime, operators need to enforce vigilance over

cellular and WLAN networks; assess the aspects of subscriber data

confidentiality & integrity, authentication, access control and attacks while

implementing integrated Wi-Fi access. The vulnerability of Wi-Fi offload is

apparent in the case of direct Internet Wi-Fi that is provided over free

hotspots (i.e. shopping malls, cafes) as a value-add to the subscriber. In

such circumstance, operators need to notify the subscriber before

offloading automatically giving the user a choice. Operator can maintain

visibility and control over Wi-Fi through EAP-based authentication.

Integrating the Mobile Core -Provisioning, Policy Controland Billing

Operators are expected to ramp-up Wi-Fi and deployments despite the fact

that the majority of operators still see support for heterogeneous networks

as a challenge – and thus, they need to spend some time testing and

figuring out. Wi-Fi won’t be a rescue for every situation, but they are a

critical tool that operators are turning to and will continue to increase in

numbers. As a result, support for standards SIM-based authentication is

already readily available in smartphones like iPhone, Blackberry and

Android to some extent. A unified authentication and alignment as closely

as possible to the user experience in terms of connectivity, sign-on,

charging and billing and most importantly security and privacy will be the

strong focus towards Wi-Fi networks.


The end-user experience demands for a QoE, while the operators demands

for a reasonable level of QoS. In the QoE terms, the end-user would expect

the collective experience would be seamless, and always on, regardless of

the device which it uses to access the network and suffers no deterioration

of service. On the other end, operators must diligently ensure the QoS is

adhered to within the optimized network performance in terms of service

speeds and SLAs promised. Wi-Fi networks are not devoid of shortfalls.

However, it can be strategically positioned to address and resolve

interworking, security, authentication methods between networks and

create additional value wherever the business model fits.

Authentication

In the user authentication and device authentication process, it is important

that the integration of SIM-based authentication is compliant to 3GPP and

3GPP2 standards. With the adoption of flat-IP architecture and EPC packet

core, the primary SIM authentication method suggest seamless Wi-Fi access

can be achieved with minimal infrastructure and core network integration.

The placement of intelligent agents on the device can help operators

combine advanced policy control mechanism to execute Wi-Fi offload in

managed manner to fit the business needs of the operators. EAP-SIM is used

extensively in WLAN as a basis for negotiating solid authentication as most

smartphones readily supports it. Which variant of the EAP authentication is

used for what network is purely dependent on the operators.

Implementation of a standards based approach to Wi-Fi network identification,

authentication and service provisioning is essential to accelerating and

promoting the use of the Wi-Fi among consumers. Making the 3G/4G to Wi-Fi

handover seamless to the end-user through EAP-based methods (the more

popular and readily supported EAP-SIM and EAP-AKA) will provide a viable

data-offload solution for operators, while standardizing deployment for Wi-Fi

operators and device manufacturers. It will also make integration into mobile

operators’ cellular networks far easier and more cost effective.

Roaming

Inter Wi-Fi roaming is one aspect that is still in the early stages of

standardization towards a harmonized and seamless roaming experience.

A large scale deployment of Wi-Fi can complement cellular roaming and

bring roaming charges down significantly to the end-user. The impact of

Wi-Fi offload is widening, and the way operators integrate Wi-Fi within their

networks is changing. Some operators lacking their own Wi-Fi hotspot

infrastructure and has plans to do so soon, can establish partnerships with

Wi-Fi access aggregators like Boingo and iPass. Those that already have

Wi-Fi offload in place and sufficient investments can continue to expand the

locations where they offer Wi-Fi access and extend the network of partners

to provide domestic and international roaming.

References - 20WHITEPAPERWi-Fi Now, Maximize Investments - 19WHITEPAPER

Roaming between networks is complicated such that the roamed network

has no access to the encryption keys used to authenticate the user. The

emulation of roaming ability through the use of Extensible Authentication

Protocol (EAP), ideally SIM-based is supported in Wi-Fi devices these days.

Other issues pertaining to accounting is unclear and how much operators

should charge each other for access.

Abstract

Data traffic demand is growing rapidly as operators are struggling to

overcome declining margins and rising capital costs in their mobile

broadband strategies. The telecom industry is talking about offload as a

solution but it can take many forms, leaving many operators unsure of

which path to take. The business case for Wi-Fi is evolving, and not just for

data offload but also voice and messaging, offering an opportunity for the

deeper integration of Wi-Fi with the operator’s service portfolio.

One of the many concerns of Wi-Fi deployment points to the end goal of

integrating both the existing and Wi-Fi architecture with minimal changes.

When mobile devices connect to networks, user and end point

authentication play critical roles in preventing misuse, abuse and attack.

This paper will provide a deep-dive into the ramifications of Wi-Fi

authentication and security, with the study of carrier class Wi-Fi challenges

faced by operators in terms of scalability and flexibility of the solution, service

quality, terminal readiness and the desired success in Wi-Fi deployments.

It marks a reversal of attitude once held by carriers, which undermined the

open design and previously chose to deliver their services through their own

tightly controlled networks. By embracing Wi-Fi, they are now seeing their

data offload strategy to pragmatic use on their networks by diverting traffic

to this alternative route. Wi-Fi access also gives the carriers new revenue

streams, and draws in consumers who are increasingly searching for local

wireless hotspots.

Wi-Fi OFFLOAD: AUTHENTICATION ANDSECURITY THROUGH EAP-BASED APPROACH

Several Tier 1 operators are already embracing the Wi-Fi in large scale

deployments in the likes of China Mobile and KDDI in Japan to offload peak

data traffic from cellular networks and support the delivery of new content

and value-added services. The standardization bodies of Wireless

Broadband Alliance (WBA) and Wi-Fi-Alliance is encouraging development

of Wi-Fi standards that addresses the future of Wi-Fi roaming through Next

Generation Hotspot (NGH) and Hotspot 2.0, including offload architectures.

With standards work improving and gaining greater acceptance through

successful trials, the entire value chain of vendors, device manufacturers

and developers will stand to benefit from a larger marketplace.

Converging Multiple Access Technology - 03

Figure 1 : Seamless Data Offload

Figure 2 : Dynamic Data Offload

The benefits to consumers would be significant, as consumers get Wi-Fi

service mix with their cellular plan. It gives a high level of confidence of

attached Wi-Fi connectivity without searching SSID, input username and

password at all times. The EAP authentication ensures seamless and secure

credential validation and happens automatically. All of that authentication

and connectivity is configured onto the device without user intervention.

The initiative also opens the door for operators to extend the offering of any

SIM-based services into an offload environment. Mobile operators are keen

to make the SIM the secure element of mobile payment services, for

example, and this project would allow transactions to be carried out without

the need for cellular access. The evolution of legacy voice away from circuit

switched towards flat IP in LTE means it could extend voice implementation

similar over Wi-Fi as well; allowing operators to offer carrier class voice

service as well.

Wi-Fi Your Network toMore Bandwith!

Simplicity and standards compliant approach is the key to strengthen the

security of Wi-Fi offloading deployment and the fact that most smartphones

are readily equipped with automatic log-in capabilities nowadays with Wi-Fi

access already configured. Embark on a journey with Greenpacket to

discover how to protect your network through better Wi-Fi management.

With Greenpacket, limitless Wi-Fi solutions abound!

Free Consultation

If you would like a free consultation on how you can leverage Wi-Fi

offloading for an improved network performance and experience, feel free

to contact us at [email protected]. Kindly quote the

reference code, SWP1211-E when you contact us.

References

1. Wi-Fi Hotspots will be Small Cells in Mobile Broadband Networks by

2015 by Sue Rudd and Phil Kendall, Strategy Analytics

2. Analysis Mason “The Case for Wi-Fi Offload” by Terry Norman

3. Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA) Industry Report 2011,

Global Developments in Public Wi-Fi

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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















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Security











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Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























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References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























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Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























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Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






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Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember





Contents

Overview 01






Smart Data Offload




Conclusion 13


References 15

Overview



















revenue erosion.













WHITEPAPER

















Security











as in cellular.







Smart Data Offload

















Conclusion





















































































Convergence






Integration










































Authentication




















Roaming



















Abstract






















wireless hotspots.




























service as well.








Free Consultation





References






AssociateMember



