XMM 10 Years in Orbit - ESA ESA’s X-ray observatory ready for the next decade

M.KirschM.Kirsch, , XMMXMM--Newton Newton European Space Operations CenterEuropean Space Operations Center

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ESOCESOCESOCESOC

XMMXMM--NewtonNewton ESAESA’’ss XX--ray observatory ray observatory

ready for the next decadeready for the next decade--

Spacecraft Status and PerspectivesSpacecraft Status and Perspectives

Dr. Marcus G. F. Kirsch Dr. Marcus G. F. Kirsch XMMXMM--Newton Spacecraft Operations ManagerNewton Spacecraft Operations Manager

European Space Agency (ESA) European Space Operations Centre (ESOC)

January 2010January 2010


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCXMMXMM--NewtonNewton

XXrayray--MMultiulti--MMirrorirror--MissionMissionCornerstone Mission of Cornerstone Mission of

ESAESA’’s Horizon 2000 Programs Horizon 2000 Program

observes objects that radiate in X-ray energies from 0.2-15 keV


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ESOCESOCESOCESOC

•• weight: 3.8 t, length: 10 m weight: 3.8 t, length: 10 m

•• squarish service module also carrying squarish service module also carrying

three 'mirrors modules' at its forward three 'mirrors modules' at its forward

broader endbroader end

•• the focal plane assembly housing the the focal plane assembly housing the

XX--ray cameras and detectors at its ray cameras and detectors at its

other extremityother extremity

•• 3 Wolter telescopes with 58 mirrors 3 Wolter telescopes with 58 mirrors

eacheach

•• 2 solar panels with 16 metre span2 solar panels with 16 metre span

the spacecraftthe spacecraft


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCorbitorbit40 000 km

40 000 km

Perigee 20000 km

Apogee 100 000 km

Kourou

Perth

60 deg inclinationBack up Santiago

Back up Dongara

Limited Back up Vilspa II


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCpayload featurespayload features

•• EPIC:EPIC:–– 3 independent CCD3 independent CCD--

cameras (2 MOS & 1 cameras (2 MOS & 1 PN), observing PN), observing simultaneously the simultaneously the same fieldsame field

–– 3 different light filters 3 different light filters for both camera types for both camera types

–– different modes to different modes to accommodate accommodate brightness and timing brightness and timing

•• 2 Reflecting Grating 2 Reflecting Grating SpectrometersSpectrometers–– highhigh--resolution resolution

spectroscopy of bright spectroscopy of bright sources in the energy sources in the energy range from 0.3 to 2.1 range from 0.3 to 2.1 keVkeV

•• Optical MonitorOptical Monitor–– Extends the spectral Extends the spectral

coverage of XMMcoverage of XMM-- Newton into the UV and Newton into the UV and opticaloptical

–– Six broadband filters Six broadband filters –– Two grisms, one in the Two grisms, one in the

UV and one in the UV and one in the opticaloptical


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCdetector technology: detector technology: CCDsCCDs

pnpn 12 back illuminated pn12 back illuminated pn--

junction CCDs, each with :junction CCDs, each with :

•• 280 280 µµm fully depleted Sim fully depleted Si

•• 200 lines200 lines

•• 64 columns64 columns

•• pixelsize: 150 pixelsize: 150 µµm x 150 m x 150 µµmm

MOSMOS 7 front illuminated Metal7 front illuminated Metal--Oxide Oxide

SemiSemi--conductor CCDs, conductor CCDs, each with:each with:•• 100 100 µµm Sim Si

•• 600 lines600 lines

•• 600 columns600 columns

•• Pixelsize: 40Pixelsize: 40µµm x 40m x 40µµmm

RGSRGS9 back illuminated 9 back illuminated CCDsCCDs, ,

each with:each with:•• 30 30 µµm Sim Si•• 384 lines384 lines

•• 1024 columns1024 columns•• PixelsizePixelsize: 27: 27µµm x 27m x 27µµmm


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCcurrent fuelcurrent fuel

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

10 /12 /199911/12 /199912/12 /199913 /12 /199914/12 /199915 /12 /199916/12 /199917/12 /199918/12 /199919/12 /199920 /12 /199921/12 /1999

time

fuel

[kg] Remaining fuel 77.47

[kg]

Consumption last 12 month 5.1 [kg]

average fuel consumption

(since 2003-03-01)0.48

[kg/month]

residual lifetime in month 118 [-]

extrapolated milage Sept 2019


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCsolar arrayssolar arrays•• power generation capabilities are normal. power generation capabilities are normal. •• no sign of unexpected degradation visibleno sign of unexpected degradation visible

Actual

Prediction before launch


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCbatteriesbatteries

Batteries have just been reconditioned the 3rd time and have approx. same capacity as at launch

XMM-Newton Battery 1 & 2 Parametersmax DOD/ min EOD Volts vs. Season

36.50

37.00

37.50

38.00

38.50

39.00

39.50

Autu

mn

2002

Sprin

g 20

03

Autu

mn

2003

Sprin

g 20

04

Autu

mn

2004

Sprin

g 20

05

Autu

mn

2005

Sprin

g 20

06

Autu

mn

2006

Sprin

g 20

07

Autu

mn

2007

Sprin

g 20

08

Autu

mn

2008

Sprin

g 20

09

Autu

mn

2009

Sprin

g 20

10

Season No [-]

EOD

Vol

tage

[V]

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

DO

D [%

]

Bat 1 EOD Voltage Bat 2 EOD Voltage Bat 1 DOD Bat 2 DOD

Reco Autumn 2003 Reco Autumn 2007 Reco Autumn 2009


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCspacecraft status summaryspacecraft status summary

FuelFuel remainingremainingUse per yearUse per yearMileage leftMileage left

77 kg77 kg 6 kg6 kg 20192019

Solar array powerSolar array power Maximum requiredMaximum requiredCurrent marginCurrent marginMargin end of 2018Margin end of 2018

1350 W1350 W600 W600 W350 W350 W

Battery Battery UHB and estimatesUHB and estimates 1515--20 y20 y

Gyros/(Gyros/(IMUsIMUs)) UsageUsage < 20 %< 20 %

Reaction wheelsReaction wheels UsageUsage < 35 % < 35 %

RF switchesRF switches

Transponder switchesTransponder switches

UsageUsage Stuck at one position Back up not Stuck at one position Back up not used instead transponders are used instead transponders are switchedswitched

TX A LCL switches 198 TX A LCL switches 198 TX B LCL switches 213 TX B LCL switches 213 (Qualified to 50000)(Qualified to 50000)


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCinstrument status instrument status –– example: EPICexample: EPIC

•• Energy resolution well within SPEC and extrapolated to 2015 stilEnergy resolution well within SPEC and extrapolated to 2015 still near to l near to launch valueslaunch values

•• No contamination on EPICNo contamination on EPIC


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCmission performancemission performanceMission Performance Figures

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

80.0

85.0

90.0

95.0

100.0

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Year

Effi

cien

cy [%

]

pn RGS MOS

minumum required

Performed science /scheduled science


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCESOCESOC--team for this decadeteam for this decade

A. Sancho

Cross supported by the INTEGRAL team


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ESOCESOCESOCESOCconclusionconclusion

•• XMMXMM--Newton is Newton is ready to perform ready to perform highhigh--end end observation until observation until ~~20192019

•• Spacecraft and Spacecraft and instruments are in instruments are in very good shapevery good shape

Lets celebrate:Lets celebrate:20/01/200920/01/2009

1414--18 h : Celebration 18 h : Celebration talks at ESOC HItalks at ESOC HI--IIIIII

And some drinks And some drinks afterwardsafterwards

Technology

XMM 10 Years in Orbit - ESA ESA’s X-ray observatory ready for the next decade