Central African Republic Development Situation September 2007

Slide 1Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR

CAR: Left behind in AfricaHumanitarian and Development Partnership Team

Central African Republic (CAR)


Landlocked in the fragile centre of Africa

CHADSUDAN

LIBYA

CAMEROON

DRCCONGO

DARFUR

CAR

GEOGRAPHY


4.2 million people in a country the size of France

Population by prefecture Population density

Lobaye (15)

Mbomou (9)Nana-Gribizi (4)Nana-Mambéré (1)Ombella-M'Poko (13)Ouaka (11)Ouham (3)Ouham-Pendé (2)Sangha-Mbaéré (16)Vakaga (6)

Region

Basse-Kotto (10)Haute-Kotto (7)Haut-Mbomou (8)Kémo (12)

Mambéré-Kadéï (17)

Bangui (14)Bamingi-Bangoran (5)

Total

127,708

393,407176,873127,057251,993

298,413398,179464,272109,002

56,354

2007 Projection

268,69297,40062,120

266,238

46,620

384,704

4,216,666

687,634

0 – 99,999100,000 – 199,999200,000 – 299,999300, 000 – 399,999400,000 – 499,999600,000 – 699,999

(1)

(2)(3)

(5)(6)

(7)

(4)

(8)(10) (9)(11)(17)

(16) (15)(14)

(12)

(13)

POPULATION

Source: UNFPA, Population projection for 2007


One of the highest shares of population in extreme poverty

Mali GambiaNigeria CAR Niger Burkina Faso

73

POVERTY

Source: World Bank (2002)

Share of population living on less than US$ 1 a day

7067

64 61 61 59

Zambia


Recovering from more than 20 years of under-development

1975 19901980 1985 1995 2000 2004

.45

.35

.25

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Source: HDR (2006)

CAR’s Human Development Index value fell from 0.387 in 1985 to 0.353 in 2004

Sudan

CAR

Chad

DRC


For 20 years CAR stagnated while Africa grew

ECONOMIC GROWTH

Source: IMF (2007)

1985 1990 2000 2005

GDP per capita (PPP) in 2006 US$ 1,198 versus US$ 2,686 in Africa as a whole

1995

+20%

GDP growth, Base = 100 (1985)

100

CAR

Africa

+40%

+60%

+80%

-20%


An economy off balance

Exports, imports, trade balance in bil. FCFA* Share of GDP per sector in 2006

ECONOMIC GROWTH

Pie 1

Pie 1

Pie 1

Agriculture57%

Industry14%

Services29%

20

-20

40

50

30

0

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Imports

Exports

70

10

60CA Balance

Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int), * 1 USD = 500 FCFA


Rich in strategic natural resources

Timber

Diamonds

Uranium

Gold

RESOURCES

N

Source: CAR Government

CHAD DARFUR

DRC


Resource wealth poorly managed

Diamond production (1,000 carats) Gold (kg), Timber (1,000 m3) production

RESOURCES

2501996 1998 2000 2002 2004

300

350

400

450

500

Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int)

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

800

600

400

200

0

40

30

20

10

1996 1998 2000 2002 20040


Agricultural sector in disarray

RURAL DEVELOPMENT


Production of major export crops collapsed

Rural development quick facts

• 74% of population work in agricultural sector

• 15 million ha arable land but only 600,000 ha cultivated

• 94% of farming is subsistence farming

• On average each farmer cultivates less than 0.5 ha

• Average yearly growth of agricultural sector in last 30 years: 2%, population growth per year: 2.3%

• Global acute malnutrition for children under 5 years at 10%

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Cotton and coffee production in 1,000 tons

Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Rural Development (www.car-conference.net), MICS

30

10

50

60

40

20

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int)

Cotton

Coffee70


People keep dying from treatable diseases

HEALTH


Kenya CameroonUganda CAR Rwanda Ghana Burkina Faso Guinea

6.7

5.5

6.4 6.2

3.0

2.21.8

1.5

HEALTH

Source: UNFPA (2007), data based on MICS methodology

HIV/AIDS prevalence one of the highest in the region

HIV/AIDS prevalence in % among adult population in selected African states


One of the world’s poorest health systems

Health quick facts

• 76% of population live more than 10 km from next health centre

• Life expectancy fell from 49 years in 1988 to 43 years in 2003

• Only 44% of births assisted

• Prevalence of contraceptives only 6.9%

• One of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world at 1,355 per 100,000

• Infant-mortality rate at 132 per 1,000

• Malaria, diarrhoea, HIV/AIDS and malnutrition main causes of death for children under 3 years

HEALTH

HIV/AIDS prevalence by prefecture in %

Nana-GribiziBanguiHaute-KottoOmbella-M’PokoMambéré-Kadéï

TotalHaut-MbomouBamingui-Bangoran

Top 7 regions by total MenWomen

13.6

10.7

4.12.6

3.1

7.2

6.9 6.37.8

3.6

3.1 3.2

7.4

4.2

7.3

6.44.53.2

6.04.95.1

13.8

7.47.37.2

10.78.47.8

13.6

8.39.8

10.6

15.111.410.3

13.5

Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Health (www.car-conference.net), UNFPA (2007)

8.4


Hardly anywhere is access to education so difficult

EDUCATION


One of the world’s weakest educational systems

Education quick facts Pupils per teacher in Sub-Saharan Africa

• Only 1.45% of GDP spent on education, almost 50% below African average

• Primary enrolment rates have not improved in 15 years

• Pupil to teacher ration 92:1 in primary education, 50:1 in secondary education

• Almost 50% of teachers unqualified parents

• Only 32% of pupils completed basic primary education in 2005

• Adult literacy rate 51% for men, 32% for women

EDUCATION

92

7266 63 62

CAR Congo Ethiopia Mozam. Chad Rwanda

83

80

60

40

20

100

Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Education (www.car-conference.net) Source: UNESCO (2005), Pupil-teacher ratio in primary education (X:1)


Drinking water a health hazard

WATER


Millions without access to safe drinking water

Water quick facts % of pop. using adequate sanit. facilities in Africa

• Most water pumps destroyed or in disrepair

• Access to safe drinking water estimated at 31.5% for population in urban areas, 26.0% in rural areas

• About 75% of population without access to adequate sanitation facilities

• No waste management system

WATER

Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Water (www.car-conference.net)

15

5

25

30

20

10

CAR

35

Chad B. Faso Benin Congo Niger Eritrea Ethio. Rwan.

29 29

2523

21 20

13 12

8

Source: NationMaster.com (UNICEF, latest available)


Landlocked with almost no way out

INFRASTRUCTURE


Vast distances, hardly any good roads, almost no electricity

DRC

Infrastructure quick facts Road accessibility and distances from Bangui

• 5,376 km of roads but only 700 km with good accessibility

• Nearest seaport Douala almost 1,500 km from Bangui

• Lifeline to Cameroon for large parts without tarmac

• 600,000 tons of yearly freight on the Oubangui river in 1970s, down to 62,000 tons in 2005

• Only 39 MW electric power installed nationwide

• Only 3% of population with access to electricity

Very Poor

Good

Medium

Minor road

Birao: 1,073 km

Bangui

Bouar: 447 km

Bambari: 374 km

Bria: 579 km

Sibut: 179 km

CHAD SUDAN

Kaga-Bandoro: 330 km

Ndélé: 718 kmSam Ouandja: 910 km

INFRASTRUCTURE

Bossangoa: 300 km

CA

MER

OO

N

Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Transport and Energy (www.car-conference.net)


Overseas development assistance collapsed

1970 1980 1990 2000

10

50

80

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%ODA per capita (in 1990 US$)

ODA / GDP

EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE

Source: CAR Ministry of Finance


Recent progress in Bangui and the centre of the country

• Legitimate government and head of state

• New constitutional framework

• Technocrats return to key government positions

• Government cleared debt arrears with World Bank and ADB

• Thumbs up from IMF– GDP growth of more than 3 % in 2005 and 2006– Inflation under control– Tax receipts tripled in the last 9 months

• World Bank re-engages and starts Country Assistance Strategy

• PRSP completed and Development Partner Round Table scheduled for 26 October

• Private sector investment in gold, diamonds and uranium over US$ 400 million in 2007

Political, economic situation starts to improve; international community re-engages +

PROGRESS


International aid organisations improve their field presence

PROGRESS

IPHD

IPHD

** Presence of international aid agencies as of August 2007** MSF also has a presence in nearby Markounda and Boguila Kota*** COOPI also has a presence in Bouca, 100 km east of Bossangoa

Bozoum

Paoua**

Bangui

Bossangoa***

Kaga-Bandoro

Bambari

Bangassou

Birao

Ndélé

SibutBouar

Sam Ouandja


Contact the Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team

• Mr Toby Lanzer– Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator– UNDP Representative– Phone +236 56 10 26 | Email [email protected]

• Ms Amanda Weyler– Special Assistant to the Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator– Phone +236 56 27 44 | Email [email protected]

• Mr Gilbert Aho– UNDP Senior Economist– Phone +236 50 12 49 | Email [email protected]

• Mr Kersten Jauer– UN Information Manager– Phone +236 57 50 34 | Email [email protected]

KEY CONTACTS


Useful websites

• www.cf.undp.org– UNDP Central African Republic

• www.hdptcar.net– HDPT CAR Blog on the humanitarian and development situation

• www.car-conference.net– CAR Development Partner Consultation

• www.car-round-table.net– CAR Development Partner Round Table

• www.hcpt.jot.com– HDPT CAR Intranet for Humanitarian and Development Partners

• www.minplan-rca.org– CAR Ministry of Economics, Plan and International Cooperation

WEBSITES


Important locations and roads

500 km

N

BouarBozoum

Bossangoa

Mbaïkï

Berbérati

Nola

Obo

Birao

Ndélé

Bambari

Bria

BangassouMobaye

Kaga-Bandoro

Bangui

Sibut

RoadDRC

CHAD SUDAN

City / settlement

Prefecture

Sam Ouandja

PaouaNgaoundaye

Kabo

Ouandago

Gordil

Bocaranga

OVERVIEW MAP

Travel

Central African Republic Development Situation September 2007