Containerization and palletization

SUBMITTED BY: AMAR ASHISHCOURSE: MBA(PSM)ROLL: R310211003SAP ID: 500015422

SUBMITTED TO: Dr. K.V. MOHANA RAO

H.O.D TRANSPORTATIONUPES

• Improve inventory positions

• lower operating costs

• Respond quickly to customer demands

• Increase inventory turns, improve line-level accuracy

• Simplify compliance with regulatory requirements

All equipment that relates to the movement, storage, control and

protection of materials, goods and products throughout the process

of manufacturing, distribution, consumption and disposal.

1.Palletization 1.Palletization 2. Containerizations2. Containerizations

Flat transport structure that supports goods in a

stable fashion while being lifted by a forklift, pallet

jack, front loader or other jacking device .

• Palletization is the assemblage and securing of

individual items or work pieces on a platform.

• Effective Palletization can improve cycle times, reduce

time and labor costs of setup.

• Method of storing and transporting goods stacked on a

pallet, and shipped as a unit load.

• It permits standardized ways of handling loads with

common mechanical equipment such as fork-lift trucks.

Containerization is a systematic storage by

using standards that are standardized by the

International Standardization Organization

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• ‘Article Equipment intended to facilitate the carriage of goods by one or more modes of transport without intermediate reloading'.

• Containerization is a system of intermodal freight transport using standard inter modal containers as prescribed by ISO.

• These can be loaded and sealed intact onto container ships, rail road cards, planes, and trucks

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• Although having its origins in the late 1780

• Innovations in 20th century logistics.

• Malcom Purcell McLean(November 14, 1913 – May 25, 2001 )was an American entrepreneur, often called "the father of containerization".

• In 1956, he developed the metal shipping container, which replaced the traditional break-bulk method of handling dry goods and revolutionized the transport of goods and cargo worldwide

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Standard 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

19'4" 7'8" 7'10" 7'8" 7'6" 1,172CuFt 4,916lbs 47,900lbs

5.900m 2.350m 2.393m 2.342m 2.280m 33.2CBM 2,230Kg 21,770Kg

Standard 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

39'5" 7'8" 7'10" 7'8" 7'6" 2,390CuFt 8,160lbs 59,040lbs

12.036m 2.350m 2.392m 2.340m 2.280m 67.7CBM 3,700Kg 26,780Kg

STANDARD CONTAINERS

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Opentop 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

19'4" 7'7" 7'8" 7'6" 7'2" 1,136CuFt 5,280lbs 47,620lbs

5.894m 2.311m 2.354m 2.286m 2.184m 32.23CBM 2,400Kg 21,600Kg

Opentop 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

39'5" 7'8" 7'8" 7'8" 7'5" 2,350CuFt 8,490lbs 58,710lbs

12.028m 2.350m 2.345m 2.341m 2.274m 65.5CBM 3,850Kg 26,630Kg

OPEN TOP CONTAINERS

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Flatrack 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

18'5" 7'3" 7'4" - - - 5,578lbs 47,333lbs

5.620m 2.200m 2.233m - - - 2,530Kg 21,470Kg

Flatrack 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

39'7" 6'10" 6'5" - - - 12,081lbs 85,800lbs

12.080m 2.438m 2.103m - - - 5,480Kg 39,000Kg

FLATRACK CONTAINERS:

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Flatrack Collapsible 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

18'6" 7'3" 7'4" - - - 6,061lbs 61,117lbs

5.618m 2.208m 2.233m - - - 2,750Kg 17,730Kg

Flatrack Collapsible 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

39'7" 6'10" 6'5" - - - 12,081lbs 85,800lbs

12.080m 2.126m 2.043m - - - 5,800Kg 39,000Kg

FLATRACK COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINERS:

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Reefer 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

17'8" 7'5" 7'5" 7'5" 7'3" 1,000CuFt 7,040lbs 45,760lbs

5.425m 2.275m 2.260m 2.258m 2.216m 28.3CBM 3,200Kg 20,800Kg

Reefer 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

37'8" 7'5" 7'2" 7'5" 7'0" 2,040CuFt 10,780lbs 56,276lbs

11.493m 2.270m 2.197m 2.282m 2.155m 57.8CBM 4,900Kg 25,580Kg

Reefer High Cube 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

37'11" 7'6" 8'2" 7'6" 8'0" 2,344CuFt 9,900lbs 57,761lbs

11.557m 2.294m 2.500m 2.294m 2.440m 66.6CBM 4,500Kg 25,980Kg

REEFER CONTAINERS

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HIGH CUBE 45'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

39'5" 7'8" 8'10" 7'8" 8'5" 2,694CuFt 8,750lbs 58,450lbs

12.036m 2.350m 2.697m 2.338m 2.338m 76.3CBM 3,970Kg 26,510Kg

HIGHCUBE CONTAINERS

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PLATFORM 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

19'11" 8'0" 7'4" - - - 6,061lbs 52,896lbs

6.058m 2.438m 2.233m - - - 2,750Kg 24,000Kg

PLATFORM 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weight maxi

cargo

40'0" 8'0" 6'5" - - - 12,783lbs 86,397lbs

12.180m 2.400m 1.950m - - - 5,800Kg 39,200Kg

PLATFORM CONTAINERS

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FACTOR ADVANTAGE

Standard transport product

Can be manipulated anywhere in the world (ISO standard).Specialized ships, trucks and wagons.

Flexibility of usage

Raw materials (coal, wheat), manufactured goods, cars, frozen products.Liquids (oil and chemical products) and reefers (50% of all � �refrigerated cargo).Reuse of discarded containers.

ManagementUnique identification number and a size type code.Transport management not in terms of loads, but in terms of unit.

Costs Low transport costs; 20 times less than bulk transport.Transshipment operations are minimal and rapid.Port turnaround times reduced from 3 weeks to about 24 hours.Containerships are faster than regular freighter ships.

Warehousing Its own warehouse; Simpler and less expensive packaging.Stacking capacity on ships, trains (doublestacking) and on the ground.

Security Contents of the container is unknown to shippers.Can only be opened at the origin, at customs and at the destination.Reduced spoilage and losses (theft). 20

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FACTOR CHALLENGE

Site constraints Large consumption of terminal space; move to urban periphery.Draft issues with larger containerships.

Infrastructure costs Container handling infrastructures (giant cranes, warehousing facilities, inland road, rail access), are important investments.

Stacking Complexity of arrangement of containers, both on the ground and on modes (containerships and double-stack trains). Loaded to avoid

any restacking.

Management logistics Requires management and tracking of every container. Recording, (re)positioning and ordering of containers.

Empty movementsMany containers are moved empty (20% of all flows).

Either full or empty, a container takes the same amount of space.Divergence between production and consumption; repositioning.

Illicit trade Common instrument used in the illicit trade of drug and weapons,

as well as for illegal immigration.Worries about the usage of containers for terrorism.

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• Containerization was introduced for the first time in

Indian domestic market way back in 1966

• In 1987 Government of India realized the importance of

containerization and started constructing a satellite

port at Bombay which commenced operations in 1988

and was christened The Jawaharlal Lal Nehru Port .

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• First container was handled at Cochin in 1973.

• Containerization has since grown substantially.

• 1052000 TEUS in 1993.

• 4637000 TEUS in 2005.

• 6.60 Million TEUS in 2008

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Name of The Company Ships GT % of GTShipping corporation of India 80.00 3,076,000.00 32.67Great Eastern Shipping Co 65.00 1,626,041.00 17.27Varun shipping 16.00 406,920.00 4.32Mercater line 16.00 690,396.00 7.33Essar Shipping 29.00 443,725.00 4.71Surendra Overseas 5.00 168,314.00 1.78Tolani shipping 6.00 209,460.00 2.22Five star bulk carriers 3.00 59,327.00 0.63West asia maritime 4.00 107,672.00 1.14Chowgule streamship 5.00 53,882.00 0.57chambal fertilisers 4.00 227,714.00 2.41Sanmar shipping 4.00 104,722.00 1.11Rediant shipping 4.00 90,551.00 0.96Others 722.00 2,148,440.00 22.82Total 963 9413164 99.94

• Increased Efficiency

• Additional fuel Cost

• Hazards

• Empty containers