Ovc Students-Shoeingthelamehorse2010

Shoeing The Lame Horse

MPES OVC Student Seminar

Mike Pownall, DVM, CFMcKee-Pownall Equine Services

www.mpequine.com

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3 Things We Will Learn Today

• What are Farrier/Vet Roles?

• What are Some Common Foot Lameness?

• What are Treatments

Rule # 1

• Vets and Farriers must play well together

Rule # 1

• Vets and Farriers must play well together

Farrier and Vet Roles

Need to know what normal is

Each horse is differentEach Horse is DifferentEach Horse is Different

Farrier and Vet Roles

Assessing Balance

• Static

leg and hoof while standing

• Dynamic

leg and hoof in motion

Static Balance

Foot Symmetry - sole

Rule # 2

Not everything is at it appears to be

Static Balance

Foot Symmetry - sole

Static Balance

Foot Symmetry - coronary band

Static Balance

Foot Symmetry - coronary band

Static Balance

Dynamic Balance

• How leg and hoof move together

• Problems can be due to shoeing,

conformation, lameness

• Factors to consider Does the foot land flat

Difference between walk and trot

Difference when ridden?

Dynamic Balance

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Strategy For Shoeing Lame Horses

• Know the Lameness• Know the Shoe• Know Team Strengths

Common Lameness's Helped By Horseshoeing

• Laminitis/Founder

• “Navicular” or Heel Pain

• Toe & Quarter Cracks

• White Line Disease

• Abscesses

Laminitis & Founder

• Many treatments• Challenging• Many shoeing techniques

with little supporting science

• Intensive supportive therapy

Terminology

• Laminitis Inflammation of lamella

• Founder Rotation of P3 from hoof wall

• Sinker Complete detachment of P3 from hoof

What Laminitis Looks Like

What Laminitis Looks Like

What Founder Looks Like

What A Sinker Looks Like

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

• Xray before and during treatment

• Re-distribute weight bearing away from hoof wall

• Reduce pull of DDFT

Radiography

Radiography

Venograms

Venograms

Venograms

Venograms

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Stabilize Acute Cases

• Minimize further damage

• Too painful to shoe

• Sometimes all you need

• Great with grain overload

• Use high density styrofoam or Soft Ride boots

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Stabilize foot

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Re-distribute Weight From Hoof Wall

• Decrease load on lamellae

• Use frog, bars and sole

• Utilize area behind true apex of frog

• Use radiographs and hoof testers

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Reduce Pull of DDFT

• Decrease tearing forces on laminae• Surgical and shoeing techniques• Tenotomy often essential• Raise heels

Extremely high heels leads to compression of P3

• Facilitate breakover

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Reduce Pull of DDFT

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Protect Bottom of Foot

Never Place a Permanent Pad on an Acute Case!!!!!

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

Minimize Hoof Wall Trauma

The “Clog”

• #6 x 1.25 drywall screws

• Adhesive

• Casting tape

• Soft impression material

Why The “Clog”?

• Versatile breakover

• Protect sole

• Frog support

• Minimize hoof wall strain

• Decrease strain on DDFT.

The “Clog”

The “Clog”

The “Clog”

The “Clog”

The “Clog”

The “Clog”

Shoeing The Laminitic Horse

•Be patient•Pain control•Quality of life

Heel Pain

• Navicular?

• Crushed and Bruised Heels

• Sheared Heels

• Thrush

Navicular - Is It Real?

• Radiographic lesions are confusing.

• Diagnostic blocks are confusing

Shoeing For Navicular

• Often need concurrent medical therapy

• Access hoof balance and correct that first

• Increasing heels will work if DDFT is involved in acute cases

• Wedging heels too much will lead to coffin joint problems and crushed heels.

Crushed and Bruised Heels

• Long toe - underrun heels

• Often misdiagnosed as navicular

• Takes a long time to correct

• Often need to wait until show season is over

Crushed and Bruised Heels

Goals of Therapy• Balance feet• Remove long and damaged

heel tubules• Shoes to minimize forces

on heels• Place shoes where you

want heels to be• Medication to reduce

inflammation• Patience

Crushed and Bruised Heels Therapy

Remove Long Heel & Toe

Crushed and Bruised Heels Therapy

Wedging collapsed heels often counter productive

Sheared Heels

• Balance, pain and conformation related

• Rarely diagnosed

• Very painful

• Need to stabilize the foot to stop shearing

• Long term therapy

Thrush

• Found in Horses that are inactive

and have club feet Lameness in affected limb Horses with pads

• Lack of blood flow to areabacterial and fungal infection of frog

• Penetrates sensitive tissue of sub solar region

• Mimics Navicular

Thrush Therapy

• Can take a long time to treat

• Balance feet

• Eliminate other source of lameness.

• Animalintex to drain infection

• Remove infected tissue

• Thrushbuster

http://www.mpequine.com/Treat_Thrush.aspx

Quarter Cracks

• Caused by medial-lateral imbalance Wedging up one side Landing harder on one side

• Focal pressure causes hoof wall to break down

• Pain caused by shearing of torn hoof wall

• Sometimes not noticeable on hoof wall

• Coronary band is jammed up at site

Quarter Cracks

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Quarter Cracks

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Quarter Cracks Shoeing

Toe Cracks

• Caused by long toes or excess rasping of toes

• Set shoe back• Clean out crack• Adhesive or staples

once infection cleared like quarter cracks

• Superficial cracks respond to balance

Toe Cracks

White Line Disease

• Fungal or bacterial infection of white line

• Commonly called “gravel” or “seedy toe”

• Often not noticed until it has undermined a lot of hoof wall

• Topical therapy is not satisfying due to lack of penetration

• Best therapy is hoof wall removal• Often need hoof wall support like a

laminitic horse

White Line Disease

Abscess

• Minimize digging at sole Damage from digging is

worse than abscess Drill hole in hoof wall to drain

abscess• Soak with Animalintex for 2-3

days• Epson salt traps abscess in hoof

Good once abscess has broken through

• Sugardyne or Clean Trax once abscess has begun to drain

Abscess

Shoeing the Lame Horse

• Rare to have quick fix!• Interferes with show season• Teamwork• Price• Aftercare concerns!

Turnout Time involved in treatments

It Can Be Overwhelming

Questions

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