saga

Increasing the employability

of Youth.

BY:

K.Gouri Charanya,

Sameera Taqdees,

Shagufta Ruhi,

T.Sai Priya,

Dilbahar Kaur.

Why is YE so important?

Youth is a period of transition and vulnerability

Vulnerability appears to increase with globalization and increased competition, everywhere

Long periods of unemployment have a lasting impact on youth: – Individual level: self-esteem, respect, sense of

achievement

– Societal: integration, cohesiveness, citizenship

The Present

88 million young people out of work

59 million kids (17-19) in hazardous work

Youth are 41 percent of all unemployed

Youth unemployment 2-3 times higher than average unemployment

The Best-Educated Generation

Ever!*

Yet… still large differences globally:

130 million children not in school

133 million youth are illiterate

Large gender differences

Large differences between groups of

countries

*(And healthiest ever too.)

An educational achievement league of 24

rich countries

The Top 5 Other countries

1 Republic of Korea 1.4 12 France 12.6

2 Japan 2.2 18 USA 16.2

3 Finland 4.4 19 Germany 17.0

4 Canada 5.0 21 Spain 18.6

5 Australia 6.2 22 Italy 20.2

The table shows average ranks of all five measures. Source: UNICEF Innocent Report Card No 4, November 2002.

The Future

Over 1 billion young people in need of jobs

every 10 years = 100 million jobs a year

130 million kids not in school now -> what

will they be in 10 years? (Importance of MDGs)

More unemployed young people in urban

areas with little hope for decent work

Globalization –> increased competition

between young people in more countries?

4 E’s to address youth

unemployment

1. Employability – investing in education

2. Equal opportunities – for men and

women

3. Entrepreneurship – start and run

businesses

4. Employment creation – as part of

macroeconomic policy

The First E. Employability

Definition: a key outcome of education and training to instill skills, knowledge and competencies of workers

Reality: high cost of investment, skills mismatch

Invest in life skills, life-long learning, ICT, entrepreneurship, SSEs in and out of school

The Second E. Equal opportunities for

young men and women

Before school: equal access and entry for

boys and girls

In school: “tracking” out of TVE, career

guidance, double burdens, cultural barriers,

gender stereotyping, harassment

After school: credit access, lower skills

In the job: discrimination in pay, training,

promotion

The Third E. Entrepreneurship

Cultural attitudes: negative perceptions of

entrepreneurship, corruption, social

entrepreneurship

Education: a system that stimulates

entrepreneurial spirit, teachers’ training

Skills training: career training, ICT

Business support: skills and services to run

your own firm

Regulation: taxes, laws and burocracy

Finance: youth as risky investments

The Fourth E. Employment

creation

Yes, it is the economy that creates jobs! Labor market policies

Macro-economic policies

Exchange rate policies

Sectoral policies

External economic shocks, disasters and wars

Institutional support for youth employment:

governance, national employment strategy,

monitoring

What’s next:

National action plans for youth

employment by March 2004

Mobilizing financial resources for

youth employment

Linking youth employment with

education

Expanding on youth

participation in policy and action:

“No decision making without

youth participating”

Unemployment is the

problem.

Youth are the solution.

Thank you