‡ Especially attacked young animals ‡ Human : » Infant : Acute gastroenteritis » Adult :...

‡ Especially attacked young animals

‡ Human :» Infant : Acute gastroenteritis

» Adult : Cystitis

COLIBACILLOSIS

Cause : E. coli

Animal

Pig - Gut Oedema : Odema Disease : BowI oedema- Young pigs cause enteric colibacillosis

Cow - Secunder Infection Omphalitis, Arthritis, Cystitis,

Mastitis, Pyelonephritis Avian

- Hjarre’s Disease : Colligranuloma- Omphalitis, Peritonitis, Salphingtis

ETHIOLOGY

‡ Fam. Enterobacteriaceae‡ Live inside the GIT of mamalia -

normal flora of intestine ‡ Bad management and bad sanitasi

E. coli increase

‡ E. coli : Bacillus coli : Bacterium Coli : Colon Bacillus

‡ Short stick (0,5 - 1,3 micron) gram (-)

‡ Spora (-), capsule (-), motile ‡ Aerob and facultative anaerob

Easy grow at every media Ex : blood agar, Beta haemolitik Mac Conkey - wet red coloni EMBA - green methalic coloni with

black at the center Fluid media - muddy Sensitive with dry conditing and

desinfectan Death at 600 c for 30 mnt Inside ice cube still alive for 6 month

E. COLI GROOVE CAUSE OF ENTERISTIS

1. E. Coli Entero Toxigenic (ETEC)

2. E. Coli Entero Pathogenic (EPEC)

3. E. Coli Entero Invasive (EIEC)

4. E. Coli Adhesive and Emerge (AEEC)

» In Indonesia several cause

» Less information

» At a common disease for young animals

» Young cow → † 25-30%

» Young horse → † 25%

» Young pig → † 50%

EPIZOOTIOLOGI

†

Valve of treatment

Body weight losses

LOSS FINANCIAL

‡ Source of infection - Feces- Surrounded- Salphingitas- Matching egg

‡ Route of infection - GIT- Milk - Intra uterine infection

PATHOGENESISMECHANISMS OF INFECTION

1. Status imunity of the host 2. Bact. ability to produce toxin

Cow a. Septicaemia colibacillosisb. Enteric toxaemia colibacillosis c. Enteric Colibacillosis

Vicious disease depend on

Pig : cause 3 types of enteric colibacillosisa. Neonatal enteritis b. Weanling enteritis c. Edema Disease (enterotoxaemia)

Sheep (2 type)a. Enteric : proliferation groove E. Coli → enterotoxin out come b. Bacteremic

Horse a. Young horse Symptom temp, pulse ↑, weakness + after 24 hour b. ♀ Horse Cause metritis after dystokia

CLINICAL SYMPTOM

» Fading puppy syndrom » Symptom

weakness, anorexia, +» Dog » 70% cause of

pyometra

Dog

Young chicken 3 weeks cause of pericarditis

Chicken resp. tract with IB virus and ND

CHICKEN

a. Acute colisepticaemia b. Serositis c. Coligranuloma (Hjarre’s Disease), with

spesific tag granulomatous at the intestine wall, liver and pulmo

a. Inhalation b. Egg

contamination with faeces

BACTERY DIFFUSE IN BLOOD

Cause :Cause :

Infected :Infected :

a. Enteric toxaemia colibaccillosis, collaps, ┼ in 2 - 6 hour, diarrheae (-)

b. Septicaemia colibacillosis, acute, death for 1-4 days.

c. Enteric colibacillosis, attacks1-3 weeks, fatty feces, ┼ 3-5 days

YOUNG COW

3 types of colibacillosis3 types of colibacillosis

‡ Septicaemia per acute and enteric chronic

‡ Sensitive 1-2 days ‡ Per acute, sudent death ‡ Chronic, occur arthritis

YOUNG SHEEP

typetype : :

Attack 1 - 3 days ages Sudden death for 24 hours

without clinical symtomp Enteric colibacillosis, attacked 8

- 16 weeks Clinical symtomp, depresion,

anorexia, 40,50C, diarrhaea

YOUNG PIG

» Enteric toxaemia and septicaemic Colibacillosis non specific

» Gastritis, enteritis » Avian : Pericarditis,

peritonitis » Chicken : omphalitis

PA CHANGES

Material specimen‡ Cardiac blood +

coagulant ‡ Intestine + contents ‡ Mesenterials ‡ Lien ‡ Cerebrospinal fluid ‡ Faecal swab

DIAGNOSIS

◙ Difficult because of the manifestation of the disease similar with other disease

◙ Bacteria isolated and identification Isolated Identification: sugar, biochemisty

Diagnosis based on

clinical diagnosaclinical diagnosa

Salmonellosis Diarrheae because of

feed Acute septic of disease

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSA

1. Prevention - Avoid from the the denity - Diarrheae because of feed - Acute septic of disease

2. Administration - The farmer should report rapidly - D/by lab

3. R/- Oxytetracycline - Streptomycine - Kanamycin

DISEASE CONTROL

SALMONELLOSIS

INTRODUCTION

Infectious Disease in animals & human Caused by Salmonella Food Borne Disease (eggs, milk and

meat products) Animals Decrease of production

Enteric DiseaseAbortus and neonatal

death

Fowl High Mortality rate (DOC up to 2 – 3 weeks of age)

Etiology

Salmonella road shape cell, Gram negative, non spore, somatic (O) & flagellar (H) antigens

Salmonella are usually motile except in poultry S. gallinarum & S. pullorum, do not ferment lactose.

Growth optimal in MCA, SSA The genus Salmonella contains more than 2.400

serotypes, occur worldwide and infect many mammals, birds and reptiles and are mainly excreted in faeces.

EpizootiologySalmonellosis is a worldwide zoonosis, besides economic losses to animal production, its zoonotic character makes it an important public health problem.

Organism may be present in water, soil, animal feeds,raw meat and in vegetable material.

The source of environtmental contamination is faeces

In poultry S. pullorum infect the ovaries, and the organisms can be isolated from eggs.

PathogenesisAlthough many aspects of the pathogenesis of Salmonellosis are poorly understood, the virulence of Salmonellae relates to their ability to invade host cells, replicate in them and resist both digestion by phagocytes.

Peroral tract. Intestinalis (mucosae of the illeum, caecum and colon) and the messenteric lymph nodes replicate and LPS product endotoxin it may be contribute to the local inflammatory response which damages intestinal epithelial cells diarrhoea organisms can be excreted through faeces

Bacterial cell wall LPS also mediates the endotoxic shock septicaemic salmonellosis

Latent infections, in which Salmonellae are present in the gall bladder but are not excreted.

Clinical SymptomClinical disease may develop from subclinical and latent infections if affected animals are stessed e.g transportation, overcrowding etc.

Salmonellosis in adult cattle is usually sporadic and is also often associated with stress.

In most animals species, both enteric and septicaemic forms of salmonellosis are recorded.

•Enteric salmonellosis :

Acute disease is characterized by fever, depression, anorexia and profuse diarrhoea often containing blood, mucus and epithelial casts. Dehydration and weight loss follow and pregnant animals may abort.

Chronic disease :

Can follow acute Salmonellosis in pigs, cattle and horses are characterized by : intermittent fever, soft faeces and gradual weight loss, emaciation.

•Septicaemic Salmonellosis :

Clinical disease is sudden with high fever, depression, and die within 48 hours.

Surviving animals can develop persistent diarrhoea, arthritis, meningitis or pneumonia.

Pigs characteristic bluish discolouration of the ears and snout.

Salmonellosis in poultry

S. pullorum Pullorum disease

S. gallinarum Fowl typhoid

S. enteritidis in egg dishes may result in human food poisoning

PULLORUM DISEASE = Bacillary White Diarrhoae

Infects young chicks and turkey poults up to 2 – 3 weeks age and the mortality rate is high

The clinical symptoms are anorexia, depression, whitish faecal pasting around their vents and characteristic lessions include whitish nodes throughout the lungs and focal necrosis of liver and spleen.

FOWL TYPHOID

Lession in young chicks and poults similar of Pullorum Disease Characteristic findings bile-stained liver and enlarge spleen.

Differentiation of the biotypes of S. pullorum and S. gallinarum :

S. pullorum S. gallinarum

Glukose (gas) + -

Dulcitol - +

Maltose - +

Ornithine decarboxylase + -

Rhamnose + -

Motility - -

Diagnosis

A history of previous outbreaks of the disease, clinical sign and postmortem picture.

Laboratory confirmation is requiredSpecimens : faeces, blood, intestinal contents, tissue lession and abomasal contents ( aborted foetuses )- Isolation and identification specimen should be cultured onto SSA, BGA and also added to Selenite F, Tetrathionate broth for enrichment.- Serrological tests Rapid Whole Blood Test (RWBT) for Pullorum Test with Polyvalent antigen or ELISA and DNA probes.

Antibiotic therapy should be based on results of susceptibility testing

Oral antimicrobial therapy should be used judiciously for treating enteric salmonellosis

Fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy is required to counteract dehydration and shock

Treatment

Control

Measures for excluding infection form a herd or flock free of salmonellosis

Measures for reducing environmental contamination

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