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1. Economic planning and development2. Socioeconomic development3. Environmental impacts4. Policy development and monitoring
Sustainable Development Goals 2030
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Woodfuel = Charcoal + Fuelwood
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What is Wood Energy (WE)?
Biomass is the oldest fuel known to man. It is also one of the most versatile and in modern-day systems, a clean and efficient way to produce heat and electricity. The most common form of BE is WE from WF.
Most Commonform of Bioenergy
is WOOD ENERGYfrom Woodfuel
Wood Energy has multipleEnd Uses:Household Cooking FuelHeatingFeedstockIndustrial UsesElectricity Generation
Why is WF important and significant?
1. WF is the dominant HH cooking fuel for 2 billion people in the developing world;
2. Trend will continue in the many years to come;3. In DCs, BF provides 1/3 of total energy;4. In some countries, it accounts for 80%;5. Charcoal and FW are most common types of BF;6. WF are vital to the nutrition of poor urban and
rural households in DCs.
Why are WF important?
Why is WF important and significant?Limitless socioeconomic potentials
Way of LifeNon-fossil fuel basedCarbon neutralEnvironmental BenefitsSource of IncomeJob CreationEmployment GenerationInformal Sector ActivityHelp reduce GHG emissionsRenewableEnergy security
Why collect wood energy data?
REASONS1. Understand energy mix ->2. Trace woodfuel flows ->
3. Determine fuel switching ->4. Understand Household cooking
fuel decisions ->
5. Determine production process->6. OTHERS.
OUTCOMES1. Rural & urban energy planning2. Develop monitoring systems
(policy interventions)3. Energy security analysis4. Socioeconomic development
(cook stoves, gender, health, employment)
5. Production efficiency, biodiversity (policy interventions)
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WHY DO WE WANT TO COLLECT WOOD ENERGY DATA?
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Sustainable Production and Management of Wood
Energy Resources
The PURPOSE or RATIONALE of the study is crucial
- Clear Rationale leads to clear Research Design. How does one go about creating the Research Design?
1. Clarify main goals and objectives of study;2. Choose Methods and methodologies3. Identify scope and limitation of study4. Determine research environment (Rural vs Urban)5. Sampling, sampling technique (part of #2 and
research design and methodology)6. Generate work plan (time frame, budget, manpower)
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WOODFUEL EXPERIENCES
THE CASE OF CEBU:Overall Picture of WE situation
RURAL WF STUDIES1. WF Production
(charcoal makers, FW gatherers) Study;
2. Rural Traders Study; 3. Rural Households
Study.
URBAN WF STUDIES1. Urban Households
Survey;2. Industry and other
Institutions Study;3. Commercial WF Users
Survey;4. Urban Traders Survey.
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Types of Wood Energy Studies as experienced in Cebu City and Province, Philippines
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Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology
Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
WF Producers Study
- QUALITATIVERESEARCH
- SAMPLING:
-Non probabilistic-Purposive samplingmethod-Cannot generalize but information gathered is valuable for intervention and follow up studies.
1.Case study
2.Key informant Interviews or KII
3.Focus Group Discussion
4.Photo documentation
5.GIS study (time comparison)
6.Secondary data collection from government/province/ municipal/district documents
1.Socio and economic data (demographic, economic, gender, roles, others)
2.Forestry data (species, volume, plantation, land use/ area, others)
3. Technology used, local practices
4.Marketing data (price, customers, packaging, mode of delivery, others)
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3.Environmental impacts
4. Policy development and monitoring
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Rural WF Studies (Production, Trade/Distribution, Consumption Studies)
1.Case study
2.Key informant Interviews or KII
3.Focus Group Discussion
4.Photo documentation
5.GIS study (time comparison)
6.Secondary data collection from government/province/ municipal/district documents
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Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology
Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Rural Traders Study
QUANTITATIVERESEARCH-descriptive-use probability sampling-usually complete enumeration-develop interview instrument-possibility of generalizations
1.Survey using personal face-to-face interview
2.Photo documentation
3.Product standardization
4.Secondary data collection from GO/NGO/PO documents
1.Local practices
2.Trade flow
3.Specie, price, volume
4.gender, roles
5.transport mode6.others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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RURAL WF STUDIES(Production, Trade/Distribution, Consumption Studies)
WOODFUEL TRADE AND DISTRIBUTION FLOWS
Major Trade
Minor Trade
Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology
Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Rural HH Survey
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH-descriptive-probabilisticsampling: systematic, stratified, cluster, multi-stage, random-develop interview instrument-generalizations possible.
1.Face-to-face HH surveys
2.FGDs
3.KIIs
4.Literature search from GO/NGO/PO docs
1.SE profiles
2.Types of fuel used
3.Fuel switching
4.Fuel vs Income
5.Fuel vs Choice Reasons
6.Primary Fuels vs Secondary Fuels
7. Price, mode of delivery, local practices, others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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RURAL WF STUDIES(Production, Trade/Distribution, Consumption Studies)
Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Urban Households Survey
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH-descriptive-probabilisticsampling: systematic, stratified, cluster, multi-stage, random-develop interview instrument-generalizations possible.
1.Face-to-face HH surveys
2.FGDs
3.KIIs
4.Secondary data analysis GO/NGO/PO docs
5.photo documentation (cook stoves, WF, FW, other fuels used, SE conditions).
1.SE profiles
2.Types of fuel used
3.Fuel switching
4.Fuel vs Income
5.Fuel vs Choice Reasons
6.Primary Fuels vs Secondary Fuels
7. Price, mode of delivery, local practices, others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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URBAN WF STUDIES(Consumption Study, Trade/Distribution Studies)
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Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Industry and other establishments Study
(furniture industry, fashion accessories, noodle factory, bakeshops, hospitals, prisons)
(Both quantitative and qualitative studies using non probabilistic sampling design)
1. Case study
2. KIIs
3. face to face primary interview survey (non-probabilistic sampling)
4.complete enumeration survey is possible
1.Origin and sources of supply
2. Sales and Economic data (price, volume, frequency, total sales)
3.Business profile
4.Gender and roles
5.Health information
6.SE profile
7.Types of fuel used
8.Reasons for use9.Fuel switching10.Mode of delivery, local practice, others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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URBAN WF STUDIES (Consumption Study, Trade/Distribution Studies)
Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Commercial Users Study
(food vendors, restaurants)
(Quantitative Research such as SURVEY: Descriptive Study using non-probabilistic sampling design)
1. Case study
2. KIIs
3. face to face primary interview survey (non-probabilistic sampling)
4.complete enumeration survey is possible
1.Origin and sources of supply
2. Sales and Economic data (price, volume, frequency, total sales)
3.Business profile
4.Gender and roles5.Health information
6.SE profile
7.Types of fuel used8.Reasons for use9.Fuel switching10.Mode of delivery, local practice, others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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URBAN WF STUDIES (Consumption Study, Trade/Distribution Studies)
Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Urban Traders Study
(Quantitative Research such as SURVEY: Descriptive Study using non-probabilistic sampling design)
1.Survey using personal face-to-face interview
2.Photo documentation
3.Product standardization
4.Secondary data collection from GO/NGO/PO documents
1.Local practices
2.Trade flow analysis
3.Species used, price, volume
4.gender, roles
5.transport mode6.others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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URBAN WF STUDIES (Consumption Study, Trade/Distribution Studies)
Types of WF Studies Method/ Methodology
Results and Outputs Use and Purpose
Urban Traders
QUANTITATIVERESEARCH-descriptive-use non-probability sampling-develop interview instrument-cannot generalize
1.Survey using personal face-to-face interview
2.Photo documentation
3.Product standardization
4.Secondary data collection from GO/NGO/PO documents
1.Local practices
2.Trade flow
3.Specie, price, volume
4.gender, roles
5.transport mode6.others
1.Economic planning and development
2.Socioeconomic development
3. Policy development and monitoring
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RURAL WF STUDIES(Production, Trade/Distribution, Consumption Studies)
THE CASE OF CEBU:
WOODFUEL TRADE PROVIDED JOBS AND INCOMES TO MORE THAN 35,000 HOUSEHOLDS
IN 1992, LOCAL ECONOMY SAVED UP TO US$12M FROM THE USE OF WOODFUELS INSTEAD OF IMPORTING FOSSIL-BASED FUELS
Gender Implication: Women? Men? Children?
Environment Impacts
Carbon footprint
• The carbon footprint implications of Cebu's fuelwood
and charcoal industry are complex and perhaps not
as straightforward as many would think.
• For starters much or most of Cebu's firewood and
charcoal comes from relatively sustainable and well-
managed tree and shrub management systems that
are harvested and which regenerate on a regular
basis.
1. Wood Energy data is valuable.2. There are many types of WE data: Production, Consumption, Trade and
Distribution researches.3. Quantitative and or Qualitative Researches are options to choose from;4. Various methodologies such as Case Study, Survey, Key Informant Interview,
Focus Group Discussion, GIS, and many others will require different types of research design.
5. Each research design will require different techniques in sampling, gathering information, and processing data.
6. In sum, collecting wood energy data can be challenging but clarity of purpose will ensure a more focused and appropriate research design and methodology.
- END OF PRESENTATION -
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Conclusion
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