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Koalicja Otwartej EdukacjiOER conference
Warsaw, 23 April 2009
Open Educational Resources:
Building a Culture of Sharing
Susan D’AntoniUNESCO
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I
Open Educational Resources:
Building a culture of sharing
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Challenges…
Challenges facing societies– Globalization– Rise of knowledge-intensive societies Demand for increasingly skilled population
Challenges to education systems– Extend reach of education– Improve quality and flexibility Could technology offer the solution?
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New developments…
An important convergence– Increasing connectivity– Growing numbers of low-cost devices– Expanding body of open digital content
Together they facilitate the sharing of knowledge
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Open Educational Resources
What are they?– Digitized educational materials offered freely and
openly for use and re-use in teaching, learning and research
Why are they important?– Contribute to building a culture of sharing
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II
The growing OER movement:
Evidence of a culture of sharing
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MIT OpenCourseWare 1999: faculty response to challenge
of online education 2000: OCW initiated Goal: make accessible all primary
course material on the web 2002: launched 50-course pilot 2009: almost 1,900 courses
available
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2002 UNESCO meeting
Academics convened to assess potential of open courseware for developing countries
Positive response Participants coined the term Open Educational
Resources for this “universal resource for the whole of humanity”
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Growth of a movement…OpenCourseWare Consortium 2005: consortium established to assist the
OCW movement Goal: support collaboration among 200+
member institutions worldwide mid-2008: 6,200 courses available
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OpenER…responding to national objectives Goal: 50% participation in higher education by 2010 2006: Open University of the Netherlands launches
OpenER Objectives
– Bridge gap between informal and formal learning– Reduce barriers to higher education
2008: Minister of Education launches national OER infrastructure
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III
UNESCO action:
Promoting awareness of OER
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The need for awareness raising
Potential of OER to contribute to building knowledge societies – especially knowledge-sharing societies
But… No awareness of availability resources not utilized
and potential not realized
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Building the OER Community
Objectives– Increase awareness– Support capacity building and decision making
Activities – 2005: first forum 500 participants from 90 countries– 2005-2007: regular topic-specific discussions– 2007: Way Forward consultation
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Characteristics of the community
North America22%
Sub-Saharan Africa16%
Latin America6%
East Asia5%
The Pacific4%
Central and Eastern Europe3%
Western Europe30%
South and West Asia
9%
Arab States3%
Caribbean1% Central Asia
0.5% 600+ members 98 countries 67 developing countries
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Community members…organizations represented
Over 50% from higher education institutions
Over 20% from international organizations and NGOs
University36%
Self-employed4%
Other18%
Distance-learning university institution
11%International organization
10%
Research institution
6%
International NGO6%
National NGO5%
National government
4%
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Community members…positions held
Almost 40% held high-level positions
Almost 20% teaching professionals
Senior official or manager17%
Researcher12%
Consultant5%
Other9%
Teaching professional
18%
Director or chief executive
20%
Project or programme officer
12%
ICT professional
7%
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2007 consultation: 14 issues
Advancing the movement Awareness raising Communities and networking Research
Enabling creation and re-use Policies Standards Technology tools Quality assurance Capacity development
Enabling learning with OER Learning support services Assessment of learning
Removing barriers to OER Accessibility Copyright and licensing Financing Sustainability
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What are the priorities?
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Awar
enes
s rais
ing
Comm
unities
Capactiy
dev
elopm
ent
Sustai
nabili
ty
Quality
ass
uran
ce
Copyright
Learn
ing s
upport se
rvic
es
Finan
cing
Access
ibili
ty
Resear
ch
Standar
ds
Technolo
gy to
ols
Policie
s
Assess
men
t of l
earn
ing
Other
Tot
al v
otes
Issues in rank order
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6 priorities
Awareness raising and promotion
Communities and networking Capacity development Sustainability Quality assurance Copyright
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Who should take action?
Academics Higher education institutions International organizations National government
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IV
Strengthening a culture of sharing at the national level
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The need for stimulus funding
Need for new funding models
Examples from Europe– Funding for OpenER from Dutch ministries– UK funding call: £4.7m for pilot OER programmes
Educational materials developed through public funding should be available to all
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The importance of accessibility
Investment needed in infrastructure and technology
Challenge to public archives: respond to increasing demand for storage and access
Reach new audiences and enable new use through collaboration with online platforms (Flickr, Wikimedia Commons…)
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The need for enabling policy
A national culture of sharing must be enabled by policy
Output of government-supported work should be open
Degree of openness could be used to determine awarding of grants and contracts
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The need for champions
A key stakeholder role:– OER champion!
A role taken up with energy and commitment in Poland:– Modern Poland Foundation– Open Education Coalition
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Thank you for your attention
Join the Community
s.dantoni@unesco.org
Consult the resources
Wiki
http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org
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