Accommodations and Adaptations Now Known As Universal Design The Project SEARCH Way

Accommodations and Adaptations

Now Known As Universal Design

The Project SEARCH Way

Jennifer’s Principle

KISS

Keep

T STRUCTURED

SYSTEMATIC

&

Remember Multiple Intelligences

AccommodationAn accommodation is any modification or adjustment to a job, work environment or the way things are usually done that enables a qualified individual with a disability to enjoy an equal employment opportunity. JAN views accommodations as a way to bridge the distance between the maximum ability of the individual and the essential functions of the job. In seeking the answers to accommodation questions, it is essential to obtain input from the individual with the disability to achieve a successful accommodation outcome. The following questions may be helpful during the accommodation process:

• What symptoms or limitations is the individual experiencing? • How do the individual's symptoms or limitations affect job performance? • What specific job tasks are problematic as a result of these symptoms and limitations? • What accommodations are available to reduce or eliminate these problems? • Are appropriate resources being used to determine accommodations? • Has the individual been consulted regarding possible accommodations? • Once accommodations are in place, would it be useful to meet with the individual to

evaluate the effectiveness of the accommodations and determine whether additional accommodations are needed?

• Do supervisory personnel and employees need disability awareness training or training on the Americans with Disabilities Act?

http://www.jan.wvu.edu/

Universal Design

“The design of products and environment to be usable by all people, to the greatest

extent possible…”

PRINCIPLE ONE: Equitable UseThe design is useful and marketable to people with

diverse abilities.

Guidelines

• Provide the same means of use for all users: identical whenever possible; equivalent when not.

• Avoid segregating or stigmatizing any users. • Provisions for privacy, security, and safety should

be equally available to all users. • Make the design appealing to all users.

Enlarged Print

Talking Picture Album

Record a personalized 10-second message for each photo. Album holds 24 4x6 inch photos.

Laser Lock

Trash Bag Cinch

Temperature Gun

Dynavox

A Manual On The Wall

Modify Existing Manual/Tools

Drawer Dividers

Before

After

Cabinet Dividers

Before

After

Diaper Drawer Dividers

BeforeAfter

Salt and Pepper Filler

The Two Faces of Accommodations and Adaptations

Speed$$$$ Savings

PRINCIPLE TWO: Flexibility in Use The design accommodates a wide range of individual

preferences and abilities.

Guidelines• Provide choice in methods of use. • Accommodate right- or left-handed access and

use. • Facilitate the user’s accuracy and precision. • Provide adaptability to the user’s pace.

TimePad

• TimePAD features automatically played messages at pre-set times. For example, “It’s 9:30—time for break”.

• Up to 72 seconds of speech divided among five messages.

• Used as a verbal reminder of breaks, lunches, etc. Records in a voice that is familiar to the individual.

One Hand Keyboard and Finger Trac Ball

Safety Knives

• Automatic Spring-Loaded Finger Guards, protect & retract when cutting

• Thumb grip for superior control• Blade will not break out of casing

under stress• Only blunt edges of Hook Blade

exposed. Protects fingers from sharp blade.

• Cuts cardboard and packaging

PRINCIPLE THREE: Simple and Intuitive UseUse of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s

experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level.

Guidelines

• Eliminate unnecessary complexity. • Be consistent with user expectations and intuition. • Accommodate a wide range of literacy and language skills. • Arrange information consistent with its importance. • Provide effective prompting and feedback during and after task

completion

Performing Calculations

Depending on IQ and other cognitive abilities, people with MR/DD may not be able to count, tally, or track due to an inability to "do math" or perform calculations involving numbers. – Allow use of calculator: Large-display calculators and

talking calculators are options– Use counter or ticker – Make pre-counted or pre-measured poster or jig – Provide talking tape measure – Use liquid level indicators – Mark the measuring cup with a "fill to here" line

Calculator and Golf Beads

Modified Counting Board/Cart

Business Cards

Pictures instead of Words

Tally Sheets

Personalized Manuals

PRINCIPLE FOUR: Perceptible InformationThe design communicates necessary information effectively to the user,

regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.

Guidelines•

Use different modes (pictorial, verbal, tactile) for redundant presentation of essential information.

• Provide adequate contrast between essential information and its surroundings.

• Maximize “legibility” of essential information. • Differentiate elements in ways that can be described (i.e.,

make it easy to give instructions or directions). • Provide compatibility with a variety of techniques or devices

used by people with sensory limitations.

A Picture Manual

• Designed by drawer and section• Pictures instead of words • Color Coded • Chargeable vs. non-chargeable

Place the Employee in the Picture

Sign Smith Studiohttp://www.vcom3d.com/

First in the series is Studio, an animation tool that automates lip-synced speech and offers a selection of characters, facial expressions, stances, and gestures. This and other Vcommunicator software will put automated tools in the hands of multi-national business teams as well as individuals to enable them to cost effectively create multi-cultural and personalized platform-independent media. Character animation that can be viewed on any device (iPod, cell phone, PDA, PC, or Mac) and media player (QuickTime, Windows Media Player, and Flash) is just a click away. Author once and play everywhere!

Personal Communicatorhttp://commtechlab.msu.edu/sites/aslweb/index.htm

Michigan State University's ASL Browser web site, an online American Sign Language (ASL) browser where you can look up video of thousands of ASL signs and learn interesting things about them.

Check Off Sheet For All To See

© CCHMC 1/3/06

PRINCIPLE FIVE: Tolerance for ErrorThe design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental

or unintended actions.

Guidelines• Arrange elements to minimize hazards and

errors: most used elements, most accessible; hazardous elements eliminated, isolated, or shielded.

• Provide warnings of hazards and errors. • Provide fail safe features. • Discourage unconscious action in tasks that

require vigilance.

Low Visual Aid Assistance

Zoom Text

BeforeBefore AfterAfter

Handheld CCTV

PRINCIPLE SIX: Low Physical EffortThe design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of

fatigue.

Guidelines

• Allow user to maintain a neutral body position.

• Use reasonable operating forces.

• Minimize repetitive actions.

• Minimize sustained physical effort.

Free-Standing Lazy Susan

Manipulating the Environment

Track Ball

Non-Tilting Keyboard Tray

Lumbar support, padded seat chair

Plastic Mat

Communication Device

Table

Mobile Lift Table

• Standard Features• Heavy-duty construction with capturedscissor rollers for maximum stability• Superior hydraulic systems feature anintegrated pump-cylinder for maximumreliability• High quality casters and wheels forexceptional rollability• Dual action caster brake locks both thewheel and the swivel• Ergonomic push handle with convenientlowering control• Lowering control automatically stopswhen released for added safety• Convenient maintenance pins securethe scissor legs for inspection andmaintenance• Quality baked enamel finish providesexceptional durability and corrosion

• 20.50 x 39.8 platform• Raised height 40.4

PRINCIPLE SEVEN: Size and Space for Approach and UseAppropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation,

and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility.

Guidelines

• Provide a clear line of sight to important elements for any seated or standing user.

• Make reach to all components comfortable for any seated or standing user.

• Accommodate variations in hand and grip size. • Provide adequate space for the use of assistive

devices or personal assistance.

Overlay Key Guard

One Hand Keyboard

Manipulating the Environment

Track Ball

Non-Tilting Keyboard Tray

Lumbar support, padded seat chair

Plastic Mat

Communication Device

Table

Do Not Be Afraid To Make Mistakes!

Counting Board

First Attempt: Cleaning Rotation

2nd Attempt: Calendar

It doesn’t matter how many times you get knocked down….

It only matters how many times you get up again.

3rd Attempt: Center by Center Check List

References

• JAN (Job Accommodations Network– http://www.jan.wvu.edu/

• Universal Design– http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/