ANATOMI SARAF PERIFER

Anatomi Saraf Perifer

dr. Zuraini, Sp.SFK UNIMAL

Susunan Saraf Perifer• Saraf Kranialis

1. N. olfaktorius2. N. Optikus3. N. Okkulomotorius4. N. Trochearis5. N. Trigeminus6. N. Abucen7. N. Fascialis8. N. Akustikus/Vestibulocochlearis9. N. Glossopharyngeus10. N. Vagus11. N. Accesoreus12. N. Hypoglossus

• Saraf Spinalis– S. Cervialis (8)– S. Thoracalis (12)– S. Lumbalis (5)– S. Sakralis (5)– S. Coccygeus (1)

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1. N. Olfaktorius, N. Optikus, N. Akustikus/ Vestibulocochlearis saraf sensoris

2. N. Trigeminus, N. Fascialis, N. Glossopharyngeus, N. Vagus saraf sensoris & motoris

3. N. Okkulomotorius, N. Trochearis, N. Abducen, N. Accesorius hypoglossus saraf motoris

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Fungsi saraf kranial

CN I: Olfactory Nerves• Sensory nerves of smell

CN II: Optic Nerve• Sensory nerve of vision

CN III: Oculomotor Nerve• Innervates four of the extrinsic eye

muscles

CN IV: Trochlear Nerve

• Innervates an extrinsic eye muscle

CN V: Trigeminal Nerve• Provides sensory innervation to the face– Motor innervation to chewing muscles

CN VI: Abducens Nerve

• Abducts the eyeball

CN VII: Facial Nerve• Innervates muscles of facial expression• Sensory innervation of face• Taste

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear Nerve• Sensory nerve of hearing and balance

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal Nerve• Sensory and motor innervation of structures of the tongue

and pharynx• Taste

CN X: Vagus Nerve

• A mixed sensory and motor nerve

• Main parasympathetic nerve– “Wanders” into

thorax and abdomen

CN XI: Accessory Nerve• An accessory part of the vagus nerve• Somatic motor function of pharynx, larynx, neck

muscles

CN XII: Hypoglossal Nerve• Runs inferior to the tongue– Innervates the tongue muscles

Disorders of the PNS: Shingles• Shingles (herpes

zoster) – Viral infection– Stems from

childhood chicken pox

– Often brought on by stress

– Mostly experienced by those over 50

Disorders of the PNS: Migraine Headache• Migraine headache– Relates to sensory innervation of cerebral

arteries– Arteries dilate– Compresses and irritates sensory nerve

endings

Disorders of the PNS: Myasthenia Gravis• Myasthenia gravis – Progressive weakening of the skeletal muscles– An autoimmune disorder– Antibodies destroy acetylcholine receptors

Ptosis due to weakness of eyelid muscles

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Saraf spinal

• BENTUK TABUNG• PANJANG 40 – 45 cm• MULAI FORAMEN

MEGNUM SAMPAI VERT. LUMBAL 1 – 2

• BGN YG LEBAR DISEBUT INTUMESENSIA (CERVICAL & LUMBAL)

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• Serabut motoris berasal dari sel2 besar kolumna grisea anterior medula spinalis

• Serabut sensoris berasal dari sel2 unipolar didlm ganglion spinalis pada radik dorsalis

• Serabut simpatetik segmen thorakal & lumbal seluruh tubuh, viscera, pembuluh darah, kelenjar & otot polos

• Serabut parasimpatetik dari 3 nervus sakralis di tengah organ viscera dlm pelvis & abdomen bawah

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Persarafan segmental kulit

• Daerah kulit yg dipersarafi oleh saraf spinal tunggal & suatu segmen tunggal medula spinalis atau radik posterior atau saraf spinal dermatoma

• Penting bg dokter menentukan apakah fungsi sensorik dari suatu saraf spinal tt atau segmen medula spinalis normal atau tidak..

• Test jarum / kapas

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Plexus Saraf Tepi• Plexus cervicalis (C1 – C4)• Plexus brachialis (C5,6,7,8 serta T1)– Nervus musculocutaneous (C5,6)– Nervus axillaris (C5,6)– Nervus radialis (C6,7,8 & T1)– Nervus medianus (C6,7,8 & T1)– Nervus ulnaris (C8, T1)

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• Nervus thoracalis• Plexus lumbalis– nervus femoralis (L2 – 4)– nervus obturatorius (L2 – 4)

• Plexus sacralis– nervus ischiadicus (L4,5 & S1 – 3)– nervus pereneus communis (L4,5 & S1,2)– nervus tibialis (L4,5 & S1 – 3)

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Plexus pudendus & coccygeus

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