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EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF
URBAN RENEWAL IN THE
INDIAN CONTEXT
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The term decline in the context of urbandevelopment is used to describe undesirablechanges.
The local policies and strategies designed to dealwith urban decline, decay or transformation are
termed as urban renewal.
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URBAN RENEWAL
PHYSICAL RENEWALCULTURAL RENEWAL
SOCIAL RENEWAL ECONOMIC RENEWAL
ENVIRONMENTALRENEWAL
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Physical renewal leads to improvement of urban fabric;
Social renewal leads to improvement of community andhousing;
Cultural renewal promotes enhancement of culture andtraditions;
Economic renewal leads to new generation of employmentand revenue; and
Environmental renewal leads to minimizing ecologicalimbalances in urban environment.
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Urban renewal is controversial, as it often implies the use
of eminent domain law to enforce reclaiming privateproperty for civic projects.
Renewal often resulted in the creation of urban sprawls-
vast areas being demolished and replaced by freeways andexpressways, housing projects, and vacant lots.
Over time the aims and the means of regeneration havebecome multi-faceted and more complex to deal with.Physical investment in hardware and in the socialsoftware of a neighborhood.
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UNITED KINGDOM
Reconstruction: Focus on urban landscape
Revitalization: Focus on social and cultural dimensions
Renewal: Physical, social and economic dimensions
Redevelopment: Community oriented
Regeneration: Holistic and integrated
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INDIA
Historic preservation: Physical fabric
Urban renewal: Physical infrastructure
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Physical renewal:
Reconstruction, restoration, renovation.
Demolition, destruction, dislocation.
Re-allocation of land uses. Renovation and adaptivereuse of historic areas, redevelopment of blightedareas, development of physical urban infrastructure.
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Social renewal:
Rehabilitation, social security, upgrading quality life.
Removal of obsolescence, eradicating deprivation, removing
decline and distress.
Rehabilitation of weaker section, upgrading communityspaces, poverty alleviation programmes
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Economic renewal:
Employment opportunities, generation of funds, revenuegeneration, upgrading reforms.
Removing unemployment
Emphasis on utilization of funds rather than fundgeneration, revenue generation
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Cultural renewal:
Creative tourism, inspire civic pride, marketing of urbanculture, preservation of cultural and historic heritage,use of new technologies for improved management ofarchaeological, historic and religious collections
Revival of old rehabilitation
Conservation of heritages sites traditionalist, nationalistand modernist approach of cultural renewal
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Policy type 1950
Major strategy and orientation Reconstruction and extension ofolder areas based on Master Plan
Key actors and stake holders National and local govt., privatesector developers
Spatial activity level Local and site level
Economic focus Public sector investment withprivate sector involvement
Social context Improvement and living andhousing standards
Physical context Replacement of inner areas andperipheral regions
Environmental approach Landscaping and greenery
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Policy type 1990 to date
Major strategy and orientation Focus on urban living quality
Key actors and stake holders Public private partnership,government semi public
Spatial activity level City and regional level
Economic focus Private sector taxation
Social context Emergence of new social
organization
Physical context Revitalization, comprehensiverenewal
Environmental approach Environmental sustainabilityimpact assessment
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There is absence of holistic and integrated approach inunderstanding urban renewal. The prevailing planningtool, master plan, does not incorporate the integratedconcept of renewal.
Earlier renewal was restricted to heritage sites andnow the focus is the slum areas, where lack of proper
social and economic interventions results indisplacement of slums.
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THANK YOU
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KRISHNAKALI GHOSH091110213ART AND GRAPHICS2nd SEMESTERB.PLANNING2009-2010
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