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A. A
B. B
C. C
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Do you think it is right for the U.S. government to use force to keep order?
A. Yes, always
B. Yes, under certain circumstances
C. No, never
Chapter 8 The Federalist Era
1789-1800
Section 2 Early Challenges
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• What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
1. Whiskey Rebellion
2. Securing the Trans-Appalachian West
3. French Revolution
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
The Whiskey Rebellion • Part of Hamilton’s
financial plan was a tax on whiskey
• 1794
• Tax on whiskey angered frontier farmers
• Farmers also had trouble taking their crops to market because of bad roads
• They decided to make their grain into whiskey
More of the Whiskey Rebellion • Whiskey would be
easier to carry
• They often used
whiskey like money to
buy salt, sugar, nails,
and ammunition
• Did not have money to
pay taxes
• The whiskey tax
seemed as unfair as
British taxes had been
• Some feared more
taxes would follow
Results of the Whiskey Rebellion • Farmers in western
Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax
• Farmers took up arms and chased away the tax collectors
• Hamilton convinced Washington that troops should be sent to put down the rebellion
• 13,000 soldiers went into western Pennsylvania
• The rebels fled before a fight
• Showed that the National Government had the power and will to enforce laws
Struggle Over the West • Washington worried
about European ambitions for the Northwest Territory
• Washington signed treaties with the Indians
• He hoped that this would lessen the influence of the British and Spanish on them
• American settlers ignored the treaties and moved onto Indian land
• Fighting soon broke out
Washington Sends an Army • Washington sends in
General Arthur St. Clair
• He was to restore order in the Northwest Territory
• November 1791, St. Clair’s forces were defeated by Little Turtle, chief of the Miami people
• More than 600 American soldiers died in the battle by the Wabash River
Alliance With France? • Many believed an
alliance with France would help them defeat the British, Spanish, and Indians in the West
• The possibility of French involvement prompted Britain to take action in the West
• The British urged Indians to destroy American settlements west of the Appalachians
• The British began building a new fort in Ohio
More Fighting • The Native Americans
demanded that all settlers north of the Ohio River leave the territory
• Washington sent another army under Anthony Wayne
• 2,000 Indian troops planned to ambush Wayne’s smaller force
• Wayne’s troops moved closer to Fort Miami
The Battle of Fallen Timbers • Wayne knew that it
was an Indian custom not to eat before battle
• The warriors waited three days for Wayne’s force
• Grew weaker and hungrier
• Wayne soundly defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
After the Battle of Fallen Timbers • Indians fled to Fort Miami
• British closed the gate on
them
• British would not help them
• Battle of Fallen Timbers
crushed the Indians’ hope of
keeping their land
• Indians signed the Treaty of
Greenville- agreeing to
surrender their homelands in
what is now Ohio
Problems with Europe • Many Americans cheered
the French Revolution, but it soon grew bloody
• France and Britain went to war and Washington hoped to maintain neutrality
• The French sent diplomat Edmund Genet to recruit American volunteers
• Washington then issued a Proclamation of Neutrality
• French and British warships were also barred from American ports
The British Fight Back • British warships captured
American ships that traded with France
• The British forced American sailors to join the British navy (impressment)
• Washington sent John Jay to negotiate peace with Britain, and Jay’s Treaty was signed
• Britain agreed to leave American soil
• It said nothing about the impressment or British interference in trade
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
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Jay’s Treaty was an agreement with what country?
A. Spain
B. France
C. Britain
D. Russia
Treaty With Spain • Spain feared the US and
Britain would work
together against them in
North America
• Thomas Pickney was
sent to Spain to settle
the differences
• 1795- Pickney’s Treaty
gave the Americans free
navigation of the
Mississippi River and the
right to trade at New
Orleans
Washington’s Farewell • After two terms
• In his farewell he attacked political parties
• Also attacked the involvement in foreign affairs
• “Observe good faith and justice toward all nations…”
• “It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances”
• These words influenced the nation’s foreign policy for more than 100 years
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• What challenges did the United States
face during Washington’s administration?
1. Whiskey Rebellion
2. Securing the Trans-Appalachian West
3. French Revolution
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
Chapter 8 Section 2 Quiz
During the Whiskey Rebellion, farmers
peacefully protested a special tax.
A. True
B. False
Washington served three terms
as president. A. True
B. False
Alexander Hamilton's taxes led
to rebellion in A. the Oregon
country.
B. western
Pennsylvania.
C. Virginia.
D. Boston.
French and British warships were
barred from American ports by the
A. Declaration of
War.
B. Treaty of Britain.
C. Treaty of Paris.
D. Proclamation of
Neutrality.
What did George Washington consider
a grave danger to the new nation?
A. settlers moving
west
B. national taxes
C. growth of political
parties
D. France's influence
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