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Basic Democracy
Our class is going on a field trip to a restaurant!
Rules: We will choose one restaurant. Everyone must agree on which one restaurant
to go to. First you will read restaurant reviews and vote
on your top two choices. Then, you will have time to discuss and come to
a decision as a class.
Techniques
Deliberation
Negotiation
Debrief
How and why did students differ in their original opinions?
How was deliberation used, and how important was it in the decision?
How was negotiation used, and how important was it in the decision?
How was a decision finally made?
Debrief
Why did the minority agree to go along with the majority?
How do you feel about the process and decision? Was the process fair? Was the decision fair?
What are the challenges of working an issue out democratically? The benefits?
Struggles for Democracy
Journal #47
Silent Definition: Get into groups of four or five with those sitting
near you. Pass around your paper (I will tell you when to
pass) and use words, phrases, pictures, and cartoons to answer this question:
What is democracy?
Groups will present in order to make a class working definition of democracy.
Class definition of democracy
Essential Question: What are the challenges of traditional Western democratic values taking hold in other regions of the world?
Why do so many people want democracy?
What rights are necessary for a government to be democratic?
How do citizens participate in a democracy?
Democracy Defined
Government by the people
Direct democracy is not practical
More than a form of government Way of life An ideal goal A process that takes years “A work in progress”
Democracy as a goal
Can one nation force another nation to become democratic? No: Democratization is an organic (natural)
process Yes: With enough financial and human
resources, it might be possible.
Making Democracy Work
Common practices Free elections Citizen participation Majority rule, minority rights Constitutional government
Create this chart in your notes
Copy definition and then give an example (or non-example) about how the practice is shown in American democracy.
Common Practice Definition/American Example
Free Elections
Citizen Participation
Majority rule, minority rights
Constitutional Gov’t.
Conditions that Foster Democracy
Free elections Having more than one political party Universal suffrage—all adult citizens can vote
Conditions that Foster Democracy
Citizen Participation High levels of education and literacy Economic security Freedoms of speech, press, assembly
Conditions that Foster Democracy
Majority rule, minority rights All citizens equal before the law Shared national identity Protection of such individual rights as freedom
of religion Representatives elected by citizens to carry out
their will
Conditions that Foster Democracy
Constitutional Government Clear body of traditions and laws on which
government is based Widespread education about how government
works National acceptance of majority decisions Shared belief that no one is above the law
Democracy Report Card
For each of the countries in Chapter 19, you are going to assess how well it has succeeded at establishing a democracy.
You will be “grading” your country according to the criteria of a democracy.
How close has each nation come to achieving democracy?
Journal #48
Where and when do you think this photograph was taken? (hint: 19-2) What are some examples of segregation (separation based on race) in modern history?
Apartheid in South Africa
National Party made up of Afrikaners (white Dutch settlers) came into power in 1948
Started apartheid, complete separation of the races
Whites had complete control of government, land, school, and voting (black Africans could not vote)
Opposition from the African National Congress (ANC)
Apartheid
Read the handouts “Quick Guide to Apartheid” and “Apartheid in Practice.”
Based on American values, what do you find most upsetting? Why?
How would you feel living under these restrictions?
How did conditions compare to the treatment of African Americans in the US?
End of Apartheid
Nelson Mandela, ANC leader, was put in prison for 27 years
F.W. de Klerk became president in 1989
Released Mandela, ended apartheid, and gave all South Africans the right to vote
1994: First free elections, Mandela became president
Nelson Mandela
Voting Line
Primary Source
In your books on pg. R61, read the excerpt of Mandela’s inaugural address.
Then, answer in your notes:
What is Mandela’s vision of South Africa’s future?
How do you think he feels about the white population in South Africa? What are the clues from the speech?
Journal #49
What do you know about modern day China?
Terms for today’s lesson
1989: A major year for democracy
Tiananmen Square: June 4, 1989 Student uprising for democracy that led to a
government crackdown and massacre
Economic freedoms, but no political freedoms: Situation in modern day China
The Tank Man
Who was the “Tank Man”? Why is he famous and what does he represent?
Describe the “Two Chinas.”
How did the college students react to the Tank Man photograph? Why?
How does an internet search of Tiananmen Square differ in the US and China? Why?
Censorship Activity
Read the article.
Censor the article by blacking out any parts of the article the Chinese government would not want their people to read.
Answer the two questions on your handout.
1989: End of Communism in Eastern
Europe Started in Poland:
Solidarity: Labor union Lech Walesa: Solidarity leader 1989: Walesa democratically elected president
Protests lead to freedom in Czechoslovakia and Hungary
Germany: 1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall 1990: East and West Germany united
Berlin Wall Viewing Questions
28:25/46:30
1. Why does the wall fall due to a “mistake”?
2. What did the German people do when they heard the announcement?
Journal #50
How does Tiananmen Square compare with the fall of the Berlin Wall? What is one similarity and one difference?
End of the Cold War
We’re here! The Cold War ends in 1991 with the breakup of the Soviet Union
How and why did this happen?
Starting with Gorbachev…
Mikhail Gorbachev
Last Soviet leader
Gorbachev’s Reforms
Glastnost (1985): “Openness” Freedom of information and ideas New freedoms of speech, press Release of political prisoners
Perestroika (1985): “Economic restructuring” People had more control over farms, factories Allowed to open small businesses
More democratic rights, freer elections
Viewing Questions
1:54-2:15 and My Perestroika
As you watch the film clip, write in your journals what consequences you see of Gorbachev’s reforms.
Gorbachev’s Foreign Policy
Worked with Reagan to end arms race
Consequences: Map on pg. 615
Parts of the Soviet Union demanded their freedom and broke up into 15 separate countries
Coup against Gorbachev failed, ending the power of the Communist Party
Boris Yeltsin elected president of Russia; Soviet Union turned into the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
“Shock Therapy”: Shift from Communism to free markets
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