BIO 3:Plant Classification

PLANT CLASSIFICATION

KINGDOM PLANTAE

Bryophytes Tracheophytes(mosses- non-vascular plants) (vascular plants)Div. Bryophyta-Hyophila

HIGHER VASCULAR PLANTS LOWER VASCULAR PLANTS (with megaphylls) (with microphylls)

Div. Lycophyta -Selaginella

Pterophytes Spermatophytes (spore bearing) (seed bearing) FERNS Div. Pterophyta -Nephrolepis

Gymnosperms Angiosperms (naked seed) (with fruits)

Div. Pinophyta Div. Magnoliophyta -Pinus

DIVISION: BRYOPHYTA (MOSSES)Representative species: Hyophila sp.General characteristics:-no xylem and phloem-upward growth is limited (food and water transport by diffusion)-dominant stage: gametophyte (sporophyte is non-photosynthetic)

DIVISION: LYCOPHYTA (CLUB MOSSES- FERN ALLIES)Representative species: Selaginella planaGeneral characteristics:-simple vascular tissues-sporophyte (bigger/ more dominant) and gametophyte (smaller) are INDEPENDENT.-with simple “leaf-like” appendages (microphylls)-HETEROSPOROUS (two types of spores) – organized into a strobilus-type of stele: POLYSTELE (3 sets of concentric amphicribral)

DIVISION: PTEROPHYTA (FERNS)Representative species: Nephrolepis sp.General characteristics:-reproduce by spores (HOMOSPOROUS)-independent and bisexual gametophyte-2nd largest group; one of the most diverse

Prothallus A-young sporophyte; B-gametophyte

DIVISION: PINOPHYTA (CONIFERS)Representative species: Pinus insularisGeneral characteristics:-monoecious-staminate cone/ androstrobilus –microspores--- winged pollen grains-ovulate cone/ gynostrobilus- ovuliferous scales and ovules (seeds)-wood consists primarily of tracheids; no vessel elements; with resin ducts

DIVISION: MAGNOLIOPHYTAClass Liliopsida

Anthurium sp.

Araceae

Cocos nucifera

Arecaceae

Dendrobium sp.

Orchidaceae

Oryza sativa

Poaceae

Class Magnoliopsida

Plumeria alba

Apocynaceae

Tridax procumbens

Asteraceae

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Caesalpiniaceae

Coccinea grandis

Cucurbitaceae

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Malvaceae

Rosa sp. Rosaceae